scholarly journals Transcriptional responses in jejunum of two layer chicken strains following variations in dietary calcium and phosphorus levels

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Reyer ◽  
Michael Oster ◽  
Siriluck Ponsuksili ◽  
Nares Trakooljul ◽  
Adewunmi O. Omotoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Endocrine Regulation ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Mineral Homeostasis ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Background Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) are essential nutrients that are linked to a large array of biological processes. Disturbances in Ca and P homeostasis in chickens are associated with a decline in growth and egg laying performance and environmental burden due to excessive P excretion rates. Improved utilization of minerals in particular of P sources contributes to healthy growth while preserving the finite resource of mineral P and mitigating environmental pollution. In the current study, high performance Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Lohmann Brown (LB) hens at peak laying performance were examined to approximate the consequences of variable dietary Ca and P supply. The experimental design comprised four dietary groups with standard or reduced levels of either Ca or P or both (n = 10 birds per treatment group and strain) in order to stimulate intrinsic mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. Jejunal transcriptome profiles and the systemic endocrine regulation of mineral homeostasis were assessed (n = 80). Results Endogenous mechanisms to maintain mineral homeostasis in response to variations in the supply of Ca and P were effective in both laying hen strains. However, the LSL and LB appeared to adopt different molecular pathways, as shown by circulating vitamin D levels and strain-specific transcriptome patterns. Responses in LSL indicated altered proliferation rates of intestinal cells as well as adaptive responses at the level of paracellular transport and immunocompetence. Endogenous mechanisms in LB appeared to involve a restructuring of the epithelium, which may allow adaptation of absorption capacity via improved micro-anatomical characteristics. Conclusions The results suggest that LSL and LB hens may exhibit different Ca, P, and vitamin D requirements, which have so far been neglected in the supply recommendations. There is a demand for trial data showing the mechanisms of endogenous factors of Ca and P homeostasis, such as vitamin D, at local and systemic levels in laying hens.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Levels of Out-Patients in Lithuania: Deficiency and Hypervitaminosis

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrius Bleizgys ◽  
Jevgenij Kurovskij
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All

Aim: Data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Lithuania are scarce. The aim was to assess the reserves of vitamin D in different age groups of out-patients, regarding the season of the year. Methods: Data on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels from blood tests made in 2012–2014 were obtained from one laboratory, and a retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed. Results: A total of 9581 subjects were included. The mean age of the participants was 33 ± 23 years. The mean levels of vitamin D were higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). The highest mean 25(OH)D levels were in 0–9-year-old group, the lowest were in the 10–19-year-old group and in the group of participants that were 70 years and older (p < 0.001). The lowest vitamin D status was found in January, February, March, and April. The highest status was found in August and September. Overall, vitamin D deficiency, sufficiency, and hypervitaminosis were detected in 67%, 21%, and 12% of cases, respectively. Most cases with hypervitaminosis were in the group of children up to 2 years of age. Conclusion: Vitamin D status demonstrated clear seasonality. Significant sex-related differences of vitamin D statuses were also determined. Vitamin D deficiency was very prevalent in almost all age groups. Young children (aged up to 2 years) are of special interest for further research involving other types of 25(OH)D assays, such as those based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), since the real prevalence of “true” vitamin D hypervitaminosis in Lithuania’s children is still to be determined.

Effect of Antiepileptic Therapy on Serum 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 Levels in Epileptic Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin He ◽  
Pei Jiang ◽  
Wenye Zhu ◽  
Ying Xue ◽  
Huande Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
High Performance ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Epileptic Children ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
And Control

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is not only associated with the adverse effects of chronic treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), but also with epilepsy. Although emerging evidence suggests that AEDs can accelerate the vitamin D catabolism, resulting in suboptimal vitamin D status, there are a limited number of studies examining the vitamin D status in epileptic patients, especially in first-episode or AEDs-naïve children. Methods: Determined with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, circulating 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 levels, and 24,25(OH)2D3:25(OH)D3 ratio were compared between AEDs-treated epileptic (n = 363) and control (n = 159) children. To further figure out whether the patients were in a vitamin D deficient prone state even before treatment, epileptic children before their initiation of treatment (n = 51) were enrolled into a follow-up study. Results: A significant decrease of 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 levels, but a significant increase of 24,25(OH)2D3:25(OH)D3 ratio was observed in epileptic children, compared with controls. Baseline 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3:25(OH)D3 ratio in the follow-up group were similar to those in controls, but significantly changed with 2 months of AED therapy. Conclusions: Disturbed vitamin D levels were possibly the consequence of AED therapy, rather than the contributing factor of epilepsy. Collectively, circulating vitamin D levels should be monitored and corrected in AEDs-treated epileptic children.

scholarly journals Can Optimum Solar Radiation Exposure or Supplemented Vitamin D Intake Reduce the Severity of COVID-19 Symptoms?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Joji Abraham ◽  
Kim Dowling ◽  
Singarayer Florentine
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Solar Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Solar Radiation Exposure ◽  
The Impact

The foremost mortality-causing symptom associated with COVID-19 is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A significant correlation has been identified between the deficiency in vitamin D and the risk of developing ARDS. It has been suggested that if we can reduce or modify ARDS in COVID-19 patients, we may significantly reduce the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and associated mortality rates. The increased mortality of dark-skinned people, who have a reduced UV absorption capacity, may be consistent with diminished vitamin D status. The factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, such as old age, ethnicity, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, are all found to be linked with vitamin D deficiency. Based on this review and as a precautionary measure, it is suggested that the adoption of appropriate and safe solar exposure and vitamin D enriched foods and supplements should be considered to reduce the possible severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Safe sun exposure is deemed beneficial globally, specifically in low and middle-income countries, as there is no cost involved. It is also noted that improved solar exposure and vitamin D levels can reduce the impact of other diseases as well, thus assisting in maintaining general human well-being.

scholarly journals Resolution of statin-induced myalgia by correcting vitamin D deficiency: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Gallelli ◽  
Andzelika Michniewicz ◽  
Antonio Siniscalchi ◽  
Giovambattista De Sarro
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Pain Improvement

The onset of myalgia is a well-known side effect of cholesterol-lowering statins. Recent studiesa dvanced the hypothesis that reduced vitamin D levels may play a role in the onset of myalgia in statin users and potentially a vitamin D supplementation may be useful in these cases, as suggested by the present case report.A 52-year-old man with a history of smoke and successfully controlled hypertension presented with chest pain and asthenia. He was diagnosed with stable angina pectoris and discharged on atorvastatin. Due to the onset of myalgia, the dosage of atorvastatin was reduced (from 40 mg daily to 20 mg daily) and then atorvastatin was switched to rosuvastatin without symptoms improvement. Switching from rosuvastatin to ezetimibe resulted in pain improvement, but also in plasma lipids increase beyond the normal range. Ezetimibe was switched to rosuvastatin+ analgesic; in the meanwhile a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed low levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and 1-25-dihydroxy-vitamin D. Therefore, vitamin D3 was added to rosuvastatin, resulting in pain improvement, decrease of plasma lipids and progressive discontinuation of analgesics. During the follow-up, rosuvastatin was switched to atorvastatin + vitamin D3, with a good control of plasma lipid levels and without the onset of myalgia.

Abstract #421 Association of Vitamin D Levels with the Severity of Fibrosis in NAFLD Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 199-200
Author(s):  
Prathyusha Chitrapu ◽  
Shilpa Jain ◽  
Aaron Thrift ◽  
Maya Balakrishnan ◽  
Ruchi Gaba
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Danielle M. Dutra ◽  
Quelson Coelho Lisboa ◽  
Silvia Marinho Ferolla ◽  
Carolina Martinelli M. L. Carvalho ◽  
Camila Costa M. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.

Clinical factors correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery: A single center experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Pilone ◽  
Salvatore Tramontano ◽  
Carmen Cutolo ◽  
Federica Marchese ◽  
Antonio Maria Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. We aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (BS), and to identify factors that might be associated with VDD. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving all consecutive patients scheduled for BS from 2017 to 2019. The exclusion criteria were missing data for vitamin D levels, intake of vitamin D supplements in the 3 months prior to serum vitamin D determination, and renal insufficiency. A total of 206 patients (mean age and body mass index [BMI] of 34.9 ± 10.7 years, and 44.3 ± 6.99 kg/m2, respectively) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for data analysis. VDD (<19.9 ng/mL), severe VDD (<10 ng/mL), and vitamin D insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) were present in 68.8 %, 12.5 %, and 31.2 % of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between vitamin D levels and initial BMI, parathyroid hormone, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = −0.280, p < 0.05; r = −0.407, p = 0.038; r = −0.445, p = 0.005), respectively. VDD was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher BMI [−0.413 ± 0.12, CI95 % (−0.659; −0.167), p = 0.006], whereas no significant association between hypertension [−1.005 ± 1.65, CI95 % (−4.338; 2.326), p = 0.001], and diabetes type 2 (T2D) [−0.44 ± 2.20, CI95 % (−4.876; 3.986), p = 0.841] was found. We observed significant association between female sex and levels of vitamin D [6.69 ± 2.31, CI95 % (2.06; 11.33), p = 0.006]. The present study shows that in patients scheduled for BS, VDD deficiency is common and was associated with higher BMI, and female sex.

Association of Vitamin D Status With Liver and Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials, and Cross-Sectional and Cohort Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh ◽  
Majid Rezayi ◽  
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Hamideh Ghazizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a major public health problem. There are few comprehensive systematic reviews about the relationship between Vitamin D status and liver and renal disease in Iran. Methods: We systemically searched the following databases: Web of Science; PubMed; Cochrane Library; Scopus; Science Direct; Google Scholar and two Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedex) up until November 2017 to identify all randomized control trials (RCTs), case control, cross-sectional and cohort studies investigating the association between vitamin D and any form of liver or kidney disease. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency, or deficiency (VDD), is highly prevalent in Iran, reports varying between 44.4% in Isfahan to 98% in Gorgan. There is also a high prevalence of VDD among patients with liver or kidney disease, and the administration of vitamin D supplements may have beneficial effects on lipid profile, blood glucose, liver function and fatty liver disease, and bone health. Low serum vitamin D levels are related with abnormalities in these laboratory and clinical parameters. Conclusion: VDD is prevalent in patients with chronic liver or renal disease in Iran. There appear to be several beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient patients with liver or kidney disease.

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