scholarly journals Transcriptional expression of secondary resistance genes ccdB and repA2 is enhanced in presence of cephalosporin and carbapenem in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somorita Baishya ◽  
Chandrayee Deshamukhya ◽  
Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Anand Anbarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Secondary Resistance ◽  
In Silico Study

Abstract Background The issue of carbapenem resistance in E.coli is very concerning and it is speculated that cumulative effect of both primary resistance genes and secondary resistance genes that act as helper to the primary resistance genes are the reason behind their aggravation. Therefore, here we attempted to find the role of two secondary resistance genes (SRG) ccdB and repA2 in carbapenem resistance in E. coli (CRE). In this context influential genes belonging to secondary resistome that act as helper to the primary resistance genes like blaNDM and blaCTX-M in aggravating β-lactam resistance were selected from an earlier reported in silico study. Transcriptional expression of the selected genes in clinical isolates of E.coli that were discretely harboring blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7 and blaCTX-M-15 with and without carbapenem and cephalosporin stress (2 μg/ml) was determined by real time PCR. Cured mutants sets that were lacking (i) primary resistance genes, (ii) secondary resistance genes and (iii) both primary and secondary resistance genes were prepared by SDS treatment. These sets were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results Out of the 21 genes reported in the in silico study, 2 genes viz.repA2 and ccdB were selected for transcriptional expression analysis. repA2, coding replication regulatory protein, was downregulated in response to carbapenems and cephalosporins. ccdB, coding for plasmid maintenance protein, was also downregulated in response to carbapenems except imipenem and cephalosporins. Following plasmid elimination assay increase in diameter of zone of inhibition under stress of both antibiotics was observed as compared to uncured control hinting at the reversion of antibiotic susceptibility by the-then resistant bacteria. Conclusion SRGs repA2 and ccdB help sustenance of blaNDM and blaCTX-M under carbapenem and cephalosporin stress.

scholarly journals Transcriptional expression of secondary resistance genes ccdB and repA2 is enhanced in presence of cephalosporin and carabapenem in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somorita Baishya ◽  
Chandrayee Deshamukhya ◽  
Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Anand Anbarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Secondary Resistance

Abstract Background: The issue of carbapenem resistance in E.coli is very concerning and it is speculated that cumulative effect of both primary resistance genes and secondary resistance genes that act as helper to the primary resistance genes are the reason behind their aggravation. Therefore, here we attempted to find the role of two secondary resistance genes (SRG) ccdB and repA2 in carbapenem resistance in E. coli (CRE).Methods: Influential genes belonging to secondary resistome that act as helper to the primary resistance genes like blaNDM and blaCTX-M in aggravating β-lactam resistance were selected from an earlier reported in silico study. Transcriptional expression of the selected genes in clinical isolates of E.coli that were discretely harboring blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7 and blaCTX-M-15 with and without carbapenem and cephalosporin stress (2µg/ml) was determined by real time PCR. Cured mutants sets that were lacking (i) primary resistance genes, (ii) secondary resistance genes and (iii) both primary and secondary resistance genes were prepared by SDS treatment. These sets were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Out of the 21 genes reported in the in silico study, 2 genes viz. repA2 and ccdB were selected for transcriptional expression analysis. repA2, coding replication regulatory protein, was downregulated in response to carbapenems and cephalosporins. ccdB, coding for plasmid maintenance protein, was also downregulated in response to carbapenems except imipenem and cephalosporins. Following plasmid elimination assay increase in diameter of zone of inhibition under stress of both antibiotics was observed as compared to uncured control hinting at the reversion of antibiotic susceptibility by the-then resistant bacteria. Conclusion: SRGs repA2 and ccdB help sustenance of blaNDM and blaCTX-M under carbapenem and cephalosporin stress.

scholarly journals Transcriptional expression of secondary resistance genes ccdB and repA2 is enhanced in presence of cephalosporin and carbapenem in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somorita Baishya ◽  
Chandrayee Deshamukhya ◽  
Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Anand Anbarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Secondary Resistance

Abstract Background: The issue of carbapenem resistance in E.coli is very concerning and it is speculated that cumulative effect of both primary resistance genes and secondary resistance genes that act as helper to the primary resistance genes are the reason behind their aggravation. Therefore, here we attempted to find the role of two secondary resistance genes (SRG) ccdB and repA2 in carbapenem resistance in E. coli (CRE).Methods: Influential genes belonging to secondary resistome that act as helper to the primary resistance genes like blaNDM and blaCTX-M in aggravating β-lactam resistance were selected from an earlier reported in silico study. Transcriptional expression of the selected genes in clinical isolates of E.coli that were discretely harboring blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7 and blaCTX-M-15 with and without carbapenem and cephalosporin stress (2µg/ml) was determined by real time PCR. Cured mutants sets that were lacking (i) primary resistance genes, (ii) secondary resistance genes and (iii) both primary and secondary resistance genes were prepared by SDS treatment. These sets were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Out of the 21 genes reported in the in silico study, 2 genes viz. repA2 and ccdB were selected for transcriptional expression analysis. repA2, coding replication regulatory protein, was downregulated in response to carbapenems and cephalosporins. ccdB, coding for plasmid maintenance protein, was also downregulated in response to carbapenems except imipenem and cephalosporins. Following plasmid elimination assay increase in diameter of zone of inhibition under stress of both antibiotics was observed as compared to uncured control hinting at the reversion of antibiotic susceptibility by the-then resistant bacteria. Conclusion: SRGs repA2 and ccdB help sustenance of blaNDM and blaCTX-M under carbapenem and cephalosporin stress.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Expression of Secondary Resistance genes ccdB and repA2 is Enhanced in Presence of Cephalosporin and Carabapenem in Escherichia Coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somorita Baishya ◽  
Chandrayee Deshamukhya ◽  
Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum ◽  
Bhaskar Jyoti Das ◽  
Anand Anbarasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Secondary Resistance

Abstract Background: The issue of carbapenem resistance in E.coli is very concerning and it is speculated that cumulative effect of both primary resistance genes and secondary resistance genes that act as helper to the primary resistance genes are the reason behind their aggravation. Therefore, here we attempted to find the role of two secondary resistance genes (SRG) ccdB and repA2 in carbapenem resistance in E. coli (CRE).Methods: Influential genes belonging to secondary resistome that act as helper to the primary resistance genes like blaNDM and blaCTX-M in aggravating β-lactam resistance were selected from an earlier reported in silico study. Transcriptional expression of the selected genes in clinical isolates of E.coli that were discretely harboring blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7 and blaCTX-M-15 with and without carbapenem and cephalosporin stress (2µg/ml) was determined by real time PCR. Cured mutants sets that were lacking (i) primary resistance genes, (ii) secondary resistance genes and (iii) both primary and secondary resistance genes were prepared by SDS treatment. These sets were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Out of the 21 genes reported in the in silico study, 2 genes viz. repA2 and ccdB were selected for transcriptional expression analysis. repA2, coding replication regulatory protein, was downregulated in response to carbapenems and cephalosporins. ccdB, coding for plasmid maintenance protein, was also downregulated in response to carbapenems except imipenem and cephalosporins. Following plasmid elimination assay increase in diameter of zone of inhibition under stress of both antibiotics was observed as compared to uncured control hinting at the reversion of antibiotic susceptibility by the-then resistant bacteria. Conclusion: SRGs repA2 and ccdB help sustenance of blaNDM and blaCTX-M under carbapenem and cephalosporin stress.

scholarly journals Preliminary Results on the Prevalence of Salmonella Spp. in Marine Animals Stranded in Sicilian Coasts: Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and ARGs Detection in the Isolated Strains

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Delia Gambino ◽  
Sonia Sciortino ◽  
Sergio Migliore ◽  
Lucia Galuppo ◽  
Roberto Puleio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Low Prevalence

The presence of Salmonella spp. in marine animals is a consequence of contamination from terrestrial sources (human activities and animals). Bacteria present in marine environments, including Salmonella spp., can be antibiotic resistant or harbor resistance genes. In this study, Salmonella spp. detection was performed on 176 marine animals stranded in the Sicilian coasts (south Italy). Antibiotic susceptibility, by disk diffusion method and MIC determination, and antibiotic resistance genes, by molecular methods (PCR) of the Salmonella spp. strains, were evaluated. We isolated Salmonella spp. in three animals, though no pathological signs were detected. Our results showed a low prevalence of Salmonella spp. (1.7%) and a low incidence of phenotypic resistance in three Salmonella spp. strains isolated. Indeed, of the three strains, only Salmonella subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium from S. coeruleoalba and M. mobular showed phenotypic resistance: the first to ampicillin, tetracycline, and sulphamethoxazole, while the latter only to sulphamethoxazole. However, all strains harbored resistance genes (blaTEM, blaOXA, tet(A), tet(D), tet(E), sulI, and sulII). Although the low prevalence of Salmonella spp. found in this study does not represent a relevant health issue, our data contribute to the collection of information on the spread of ARGs, elements involved in antibiotic resistance, now considered a zoonosis in a One Health approach.

scholarly journals 619. High Multidrug-Resistant due to TEM and CTX-M-1 Types of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and blaNDM-1 Type Carbapenemase Genes among Clinical Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacilli in Asella, Central Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S288-S288
Author(s):  
Tafese B Tufa ◽  
Fuchs André ◽  
Sileshi Abdissa ◽  
Zewdu Hurissa ◽  
Hans Martin Orth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Unfavorable Clinical Outcome ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Acute infectious diseases and sepsis are among the leading causes of mortality in Ethiopia. The lack of local data concerning causative pathogens and resistance patterns results in suboptimal empirical treatment and unfavorable clinical outcome. The objective of this study was the characterization of bacterial pathogens in hospitalized patients with febrile infections in Central Ethiopia. Methods In total, 684 patients ≥1 year of age with fever admitted to the Asella Teaching Hospital from April 2016 to June 2018 were included. Blood and other appropriate clinical specimens were cultured. Susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer method and VITEK2. Confirmation of species identification and identification of resistance genes were conducted using MALDI-ToF and PCR at a microbiology laboratory in Düsseldorf, Germany. Results In total, 684 study participants were included; 54% were male and mean age was 26.7 years. Thus, the overall culture positivity rate was 7.5%. Of the 83 cultured organisms, 38(46%) were Gram-negative, 43(52%) Gram-positive, and 2(2%) Candida species. Among the 38 Gram-negative isolates, 16(42%) were E. coli, 15(39%) K. pneumoniae, and 4(11%) P. aeruginosa. Resistance against commonly used antibiotics for Gram-negative at the study site was: piperacillin/tazobactam 48%(13), ampicillin/sulbactam 93% (25), cefotaxime 89%(24), ceftazidime 74%(20), Cefipime 74%(20), meropenem 7%(2), amikacin 4% (1) and gentamicin 56%(15). Of 27 Gram-negative available for resistance-gene detection, blaNDM-1 was detected in one K. pneumoniae isolate and blaNDM-1 plus blaOXA-51 in A. baumannii. 81%(22/27) of the Gram-negative rods were confirmed to contain ESBL-genes as follows: TEM 17(77%), CTX-M-1-group 15(68%), SHV-6(27%) and CTX-M-9-group 2(9%). Among isolated S.aureus, 1(5%) was confirmed to be Methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Conclusion We found a high prevalence (81%) of ESBL-producing bacteria and 7.4% carbapenem resistance at the study site. More than half of Gram-negative isolates had two or more mobile resistance genes. These findings warrant the need for local national multidrug-resistant surveillance. Strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship programs is needed in order to face the threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Antimicrobial-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Escherichia coli in Raw Cow's Milk

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALENA SKOČKOVÁ ◽  
KATEŘINA BOGDANOVIČOVÁ ◽  
IVANA KOLÁČKOVÁ ◽  
RENÁTA KARPÍŠKOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Raw Cow’S Milk

The occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is an important public health issue. The aim of this study was the monitoring of resistant Escherichia coli in raw cow's milk with a focus on the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing strains. In total, 263 samples of raw milk from 40 farms were collected and investigated in 2010 to 2013 in the Czech Republic. Detection of E. coli was performed and evaluated according to ISO 16649-2, and antibiotic resistance was screened by the disk diffusion method. The presence of E. coli was detected in 243 (92.4%) samples. In total, 270 isolates were obtained. Resistance to β-lactam (31.8%) and tetracycline (13.0%) antibiotics was detected most often and also multiresistant strains (5.5%) were observed. E. coli isolates found to be resistant to β-lactam, tetracycline, and quinolone antibiotics were assayed by PCR to detect selected genes encoding those resistance mechanisms. In isolates in which any bla genes were detected, a double-disk synergy test was performed. ESBL production was confirmed in 2 (0.7%) isolates. The genetic analysis identified the presence of the blaCTX-M gene and other resistance genes (tet(B) and qnrB). Both ESBL-positive isolates originated from the same farm and had an identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile. The findings of our study indicate that milk can be a reservoir of bacteria carrying resistance genes with a potential for spreading through the food chain.

scholarly journals Occurrence of NDM-1 and VIM-2 Co-Producing Escherichia coli and OprD Alteration in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Hospital Environment Samples in Northwestern Tunisia

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
Raouaa Maaroufi ◽  
Olfa Dziri ◽  
Linda Hadjadj ◽  
Seydina M. Diene ◽  
Jean-Marc Rolain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Hospital environments constitute the main reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study we aimed to investigate the presence of Gram-negative bacteria in one Northwestern Tunisian hospital environment, and characterize the genes involved in bacterial resistance. A total of 152 environmental isolates were collected from various surfaces and isolated using MacConkey medium supplemented with cefotaxime or imipenem, with 81 fermenter bacteria (27 Escherichia coli, and 54 Enterobacter spp., including 46 Enterobacter cloacae), and 71 non-fermenting bacteria (69 Pseudomonas spp., including 54 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 2 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) being identified by the MALDI-TOF-MS method. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method and E-Test was used to determine MICs for imipenem. Several genes implicated in beta-lactams resistance were characterized by PCR and sequencing. Carbapenem resistance was detected among 12 isolates; nine E. coli (blaNDM-1 (n = 8); blaNDM-1 + blaVIM-2 (n = 1)) and three P. aeruginosa were carbapenem-resistant by loss of OprD porin. The whole-genome sequencing of P. aeruginosa 97H was determined using Illumina MiSeq sequencer, typed ST285, and harbored blaOXA-494. Other genes were also detected, notably blaTEM (n = 23), blaCTX-M-1 (n = 10) and blaCTX-M-9 (n = 6). These new epidemiological data imposed new surveillance strategies and strict hygiene rules to decrease the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in this area.

scholarly journals Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria from milk of apparently healthy goats in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
F. O. Olufemi ◽  
O. A. Odunfa ◽  
P. A. Akinduti ◽  
O. B. Kehinde
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Apparently Healthy

 Milk contaminated with antibiotic resistant bacteria can be a major threat to public health. This study wasconducted toinvestigate the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from goat's milk in Abeokuta. Nine (9) bacteria species comprising 182 isolates were identified in 73 milk samples collected from six (6) different places located some 2 - 50 kilometers apart in Abeokuta. Isolation and identification of the bacteria species were carried out using standard microbiological procedures. The bacteria species were Pseudomonas spp (22.28%), Micrococcus spp (21.74%), Staphylococcus aureus (19.02%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (15.22%), Enterobacter spp (8.70%), Bacillus spp (5.43%), Pasteurella spp (4.89%), Escherichia coli (2.17%), and Citrobacter spp (0.54%). Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates and minimum inhibitory concentration were determined using a panel of 10 antibiotics by disc diffusion method and standard guidelines. The bacterial load from milk samples obtained in various locations are as follows:-DUFARMS,0.1-1.2x10 cfu/mL;Eweje, 0.6-1.2x10 cfu/mL; Odeda, 0.6-3.5x10 cfu/mL; Elite, 1.0-5.5x10 cfu/mL; Elega, 0.1- 2.52x10 cfu/mL; and Obantoko 0.16-1.04x10 cfu/mL. The mean counts were 0.54 ± 0.40x10 cfu/mL; 0.78 ±0.13x10 cfu/mL; 1.83±1.23x10 cfu/mL; 2.58 ±1.45x10 cfu/mL; 8.51 ±5.60x10 cfu/mL and 4.14 ±3.90 x10 cfu/mL respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility results showed that the organisms were 100% resistant to Amoxicillin,86.26% to Ceftriazone, 84.62% to Streptomycin, 82.42% to Chloramphenicol and 78.02% to Cotrimoxazol. However, the isolates were only 6.04% resistant to Ofloxacin and 11.54% to Pefloxacin suggesting that these might just be the only two antibiotics that the pathogens might respond to. In conclusion, microbes that are ordinarily commensals may be highly resistant to commonly used Antibiotics. This could pose serious problems in managing outbreaks associated these microbes. Reservoirs for bacterial resistance may be present in healthy animal populations and research is needed to accurately quantify the problem, propose and evaluate practicable solutions. There is the need to clarify the role of environmental factors, agents, and transmission of bacterial resistance in apparently healthy livestock.  

scholarly journals β-lactamase genes in carbapenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a Turkish university hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Umut Safiye Say Coskun ◽  
Emel Caliskan ◽  
Asegul Copur Cicek ◽  
Halbay Turumtay ◽  
Cemal Sandalli
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Introduction: The spread of Acinetobacter baumannii, resistant to most of the available antimicrobial agents, is a serious health problem. The high rate of carbapenem resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates is considered as a threat to public health. In this study, we aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance and related genes in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Methodology: Ninety six isolates of A. baumannii were included. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by Phoenix Automated System and disk diffusion method. Carbapenem resistane was characterized by scrneeing of resistance genes such as blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M1-2, blaPER, blaVEB, blaKPC, blaGES, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP and blaOXA23-24-51-58 using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results: Resistance for the levofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, and tigecycline were determined as 96.9%, 93.7%, 72.9% and 45.8% respectively. Colistin was the only susceptible antibiotic against all clinical isolates. All isolates were defined as multidrug resistance and of these, 31.2% were extensively drug-resistant (sensitive only to colistin). BlaOXA-51­  and blaOXA-23 genes were detected in 100% strains while blaTEM was found in only 2% strains. There was no amplification for the blaSHV, blaCTX-M1-2, blaPER, blaVEB, blaKPC, blaGES blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP and blaOXA24-58 genes. Conclusions: The high frequency of blaOXA-23 and low frequency of blaTEM gene was observed that indicate prevalence of a variety of A. baumannii strains. The rates of resistance genes vary from region to region. Studies are required for the prevention and control of A. baumannii infection and to formulate the strategies of antibiotic usage.

scholarly journals Investigation of Some Antibiotic Resistance Genes of Indigenous Lactobacilli Isolated From Traditional Yogurt In Zanjan Province of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahare Moghimi ◽  
Maryam Ghobadi Dana ◽  
Reza Shapouri
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Abstract Purpose: Given the increasing use of antibiotics on humans and livestock for treatment or as a growth stimulant, antibiotic resistance has become a general concern. The food chain and specially fermented foods could be a source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and Lactobacilli are considered safe to use as starter culture or probiotic strains. Recently, however, antibiotic-resistant genes isolated from LABs showed the necessity of setting international regulations to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance genes transmission via the food chain. The current study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance of Lactobacilli isolated from traditional yogurt samples from Zanjan province in Iran.Methods: Lactobacilli characterization and identification were carried out through biochemical and molecular methods. The disk diffusion method was applied to determine phenotype resistance using 13 antibiotic disks resistance genes presence were investigated in the isolates to determine transferability risk, respectively.Results: Based on biochemical and molecular methods, 24 isolates have been identified as Lactobacilli with multiple antibiotic-resistant phenotypes. Vancomycin resistance was a typical phenotype and genotype among isolates. On investigated Lactobacilli chromosome, Tetracycline resistance genes Chloramphenicol (cat), beta-lactam, aminoglycosides (aph (3’)-III), and aadA resistance genes have been detected. While the examined resistance genes have not been detected on the plasmids, they were all on the bacterial chromosome.Conclusion: The results showed that the investigated isolates did not carry the resistance genes on their plasmids. It, therefore, would be a good point since they probably do not transfer resistance genes to other bacteria, and they would be proper candidates to do more investigation for introducing new safe starter culture or probiotic strain to food industries.

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