Experience of parents who have suffered a perinatal death in two Spanish hospitals: a qualitative study

Abstract Background Perinatal grief is a process that affects families in biological, psychological, social and spiritual terms. It is estimated that every year there are 2.7 million perinatal deaths worldwide and 4.43 deaths for every 1000 births in Spain. The aim of this study is to describe and understand the experiences and perceptions of parents who have suffered a perinatal death. Methods A qualitative study based on Gadamer’s hermeneutic phenomenology. The study was conducted in two hospitals in the South of Spain. Thirteen mothers and eight fathers who had suffered a perinatal death in the 5 years prior to the study participated in this study. In-depth interviews were carried out for data collection. Inductive analysis was used to find themes based on the data. Results Eight sub-themes emerged, and they were grouped into three main themes: ‘Perceiving the threat and anticipating the baby’s death: “Something is going wrong in my pregnancy”’; ‘Emotional outpouring: the shock of losing a baby and the pain of giving birth to a stillborn baby’; “We have had a baby”: The need to give an identity to the baby and legitimise grief’. Conclusion The grief suffered after a perinatal death begins with the anticipation of the death, which relates to the mother’s medical history, symptoms and premonitions. The confirmation of the death leads to emotional shock, characterised by pain and suffering. The chance to take part in mourning rituals and give the baby the identity of a deceased baby may help in the grieving and bereavement process. Having empathy for the parents and notifying them of the death straightaway can help ease the pain. Midwives can help in the grieving process by facilitating the farewell rituals, accompanying the family, helping in honouring the memory of the baby, and supporting parents in giving the deceased infant an identity that makes them a family member.

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A Qualitative Study on Traumatic Experiences of Suicide Survivors

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/00302228211024486 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003022282110244

Author(s):

Júlia Camargo Contessa ◽

Carolina Stopinski Padoan ◽

Jéssica Leandra Gonçalves da Silva ◽

Pedro V. S. Magalhães

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Family Member ◽

Traumatic Experience ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Suicide Survivors ◽

Loved One ◽

The Family

The suicide of a loved one can be a traumatic experience. The objective of this study was to investigate trauma-related experiences of suicide survivors. This is a qualitative study with people who had recently lost a family member or a close one to suicide, conducted at least two months after the event. Forty-one participants agreed to take part in the study and were interviewed. The interviewees' perception was that suicide brought harm, symptoms, and suffering. Traumatic experiences can begin immediately after the event, with many reporting symptoms lasting many months and persistent impact, both personal and to the family. Postvention models after suicide should incorporate such findings, and investigate trauma consistently.

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Could coronavirus 2019-infected disease patients get cope with the treatment?: A qualitative study

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v10i4.20912 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 880

Author(s):

Fery AM Mendrofa ◽

Umi Hani ◽

Yuni Nurhidayat

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Cross Infection ◽

Psychological Aspect ◽

Future Research ◽

The World ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Depth Interviews

A pandemic of a novel coronavirus-infected disease is currently ongoing in the world. Most patients have to be isolated due to the treatments. This study aimed to make sense of how patients with coronavirus-infected disease understand and experience infectious isolation. The research used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Data collection was conducted with in-depth interviews of nine patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) confirmed who had been in the isolation room. The analysis was conducted on interview transcripts by organizing keywords found into categories, sub-themes, and themes based on Colaizzi's approach. The results indicated that the participants experienced fright due to the isolation and attempted to integrate their isolation experiences. Isolation highlighted a sense of threat posed by cross-infection, a threat that participants experienced as originating from others and from themselves to others. Participants described feeling changes experienced after several days of treatment. Participants reported various symptoms of the disease and received careful care while in isolation. They still communicate with family. Isolated patients are able to deal with the treatment by improving their coping strategies. Participants reported the most support from their families, even from a distance. Future research could explore experiences of isolation from family and staff perspectives and identify the psychological aspect in caring for the COVID-19 patients.

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Persepsi Ibu Terhadap Iklan Vaksin Measles Rubella (MR)

Hasanuddin Journal of Midwifery ◽

10.35317/hajom.v1i1.1788 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Muslimah Muslimah ◽

Dian Ayubi

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Focus Group ◽

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Electronic Media ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Data Collection Process ◽

Depth Interviews

Measles and Rubella (MR) is a disease that is highly contagious and usually occurs in children aged 9 months until the age of 15 years. One effort that can be done to reduce the incidence of the disease is through health promotion about the importance of immunization. Purpose the promotion was packaged in the form of advertisements on electronic media with the aim of building perceptions that the importance of immunization for public health. Methods this research was a qualitative study with a method of collecting in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The number of informants in this study was 19 mothers who had children aged 0.9 to 15 years in one of the Puskesmas work areas in Merangin District, Jambi Province. Before the data collection process, all informants were asked to see two MR immunization advertisements. Results that immunization advertisements are interesting and contain humor. Meanwhile, informants who did not give MR immunization to their children tended to be negative towards MR immunization advertisements and tended to ignore the effects that arose if they did not give immunizations to their children. The recommendation that MR immunization advertisements should avoid using the fear arousal method and use the pay off idea method in those ads

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Migrant Caregivers of Older People in Spain: Qualitative Insights into Relatives’ Experiences

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17082953 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 2953

Author(s):

María José Morales-Gázquez ◽

Epifanía Natalia Medina-Artiles ◽

Remedios López-Liria ◽

José Manuel Aguilar-Parra ◽

Rubén Trigueros-Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Family Member ◽

Culture Shock ◽

Family Members ◽

Family Care ◽

Traditional Structure ◽

Gradual Process ◽

The Family ◽

Phenomenological Design ◽

Depth Interviews

The traditional structure of families is undergoing profound changes, causing the so-called “crisis of family care.” This study describes the experiences and emotions of the family member who hires migrant caregivers for the older people. This is a qualitative study using a phenomenological design with nine women participants between 53 and 72 years of age. The data collection was carried out through two in-depth interviews and a focus group. There were three major topics: (1) the women in this study recognized that they were not able to take care of the family member directly, due to their responsibilities as female workers and mothers. The fact that migrant caregivers were chosen was conjunctural, where economic reasons were more important. (2) The family members supported the caregivers by teaching them about care and also resolving conflicts produced by culture shock. (3) Trusting the caregiver was a gradual process; the family members felt a complex set of emotions (insecurity, gratitude for the help, moral obligation). In conclusion, they wanted a caregiver who would provide the elder dependent with the love and compassion that they, as daughters, would provide if they had time to do so. The family became the caregiver’s managers and assumed the responsibility of training and helping them.

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Children’s and Parents’ Perceptions of Online Commercial Data Practices: A Qualitative Study

Media and Communication ◽

10.17645/mac.v8i4.3232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 163-174

Author(s):

Laurien Desimpelaere ◽

Liselot Hudders ◽

Dieneke Van de Sompel

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Personal Data ◽

General Knowledge ◽

Parental Consent ◽

Online Data ◽

Data Practices ◽

Support Strategies ◽

Implicit Data ◽

Depth Interviews

Children’s personal data are often collected for commercial aims. Although regulations in different countries aim to protect children’s privacy (e.g., by imposing websites to request parental consent for the processing of children’s data for commercial purposes), concerns about protecting children’s online data continue to rise. This article therefore aims to get insights into parents’ and children’s privacy coping strategies and perceptions underlying these strategies. In-depth interviews with ten parents and nine children (8–11 years) were conducted. Findings show that although children engaged in avoidance (e.g., leaving the particular website) and confrontation (e.g., seeking support) strategies, they mainly did this to protect their privacy from malicious individuals—and not from commercial parties. Participating children also lacked general knowledge about both explicit and implicit data practices. To protect their children’s privacy, parents in this study mainly adopted restrictive mediation strategies, but lacked the knowledge to undertake concrete actions in the case of implicit data collection. Implications for policymakers are discussed.

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Lived Experiences of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10958

Author(s):

Montserrat Venturas ◽

Judith Prats ◽

Elena Querol ◽

Adelaida Zabalegui ◽

Núria Fabrellas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Latin American ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

The Family ◽

The Mean ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Latin American Countries

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many hospitalized patients and deaths worldwide. Coronavirus patients were isolated from their relatives and visits were banned to prevent contagion. This has brought about a significant change in deeply rooted care habits in Mediterranean and Latin American countries where the family normally accompanies vulnerable hospitalized patients. The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the hospitalization experience of COVID-19 patients and their family members. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used. Data collection included inductive, in-depth interviews with 11 COVID-19 hospitalized patients. The mean age of patients was 55.4 years and 45% were female. Nearly 50% required Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Ten meaningful statements were identified and grouped in three themes: Positive and negative aspects of the care provided, the patient’s perspective, and perception of the experience of the disease. In conclusion, COVID-19 patients, aware of the severity of the pandemic, were very adaptable to the situation and had full confidence in health professionals. Patient isolation was perceived as necessary. Technology has helped to maintain communication between patients and relatives.

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ASPEK EKONOMI PADA KEHIDUPAN PEREMPUAN LANJUT USIA: Studi Etnografi di Desa Demuk, Kecamatan Pucanglaban, Kabupaten Tulungagung

Jurnal Antropologi Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya ◽

10.25077/jantro.v21.n1.p11-21.2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Richa Meliza ◽

Budiawati Supangkat Iskandar ◽

Rini Susetyawati Soemarwoto

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Elderly Women ◽

The Elderly ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Economic Independence ◽

Interesting Issue ◽

Economic Support ◽

The Family ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Participatory Observation

Indonesia is predicted to enter the era of bonus demography which is an interesting issue now. This is related to the increasing productive and non-productive population. This phenomenon can benefit the population, both productive and non-productive residents who get less attention, especially economic dependence on nonproductive groups such as the elderly. Elderly are often said to be a burden on society, especially for women who are often associated with domestic work. This study raises the economic independence of elderly women. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach on elderly women in Demuk village, Pucanglaban sub-district, Tulungagung district. Data collection uses participatory observation techniques and in-depth interviews. The results of the study show that elderly women can meet the economic needs of their own family or household. They work in the domestic and public domains such as farmers, laborers, traders, and breeders. Thus elderly women are not burdens, but they become economic support for the family or household.

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Social Support in Perinatal Grief and Mothers’ Continuing Bonds: A Qualitative Study With Italian Mourners

Affilia ◽

10.1177/0886109920906784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 485-502

Author(s):

Ines Testoni ◽

Jenni Bregoli ◽

Sara Pompele ◽

Andrea Maccarini

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Support Systems ◽

Perinatal Loss ◽

Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Continuing Bonds ◽

Grieving Process ◽

The Third ◽

Perinatal Grief

The grieving process after perinatal loss has unique properties. This qualitative study examines one aspect of the grieving process: continuing bonds experienced by the mothers. We offer an interpretative phenomenological analysis of interviews with 15 Italian mothers. Three main relevant themes emerged: “continuing bonds between externalized and internalized presence,” “a difficult guilt to manage,” and “relationships are crucial support systems.” The first one illustrates the ongoing connections to the deceased on the part of mothers and siblings, the second one explores a fixation on finding the cause of the death and related feelings of guilt, while the third one describes the mothers’ process of elaboration of the event, especially with the support of the husband and the community. The findings highlight unique qualities of continuing bonds after perinatal loss and factors that might influence mother’s griefwork, while also suggesting that psychodrama and art therapy could be useful in the management of this kind of loss.

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Social Support in Patients With Sexual Dysfunction After Non-Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy: A Qualitative Study

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988320906977 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 155798832090697 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cayetano Fernández-Sola ◽

Álvaro Martínez-Bordajandi ◽

Ana Patricia Puga-Mendoza ◽

José Manuel Hernández-Padilla ◽

Vinicius Jobim-Fischer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Radical Prostatectomy ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Interpersonal Communication ◽

Hermeneutic Phenomenology ◽

Nerve Sparing ◽

Informational Support ◽

Sexual Information ◽

Depth Interviews

This study aimed to explore men’s experiences of social support after non-nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. A qualitative study based on Gadamer’s hermeneutic phenomenology was designed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 men who had undergone a non-nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. Data analysis was performed using ATLAS.ti software. From this analysis, two main themes emerged: “The partner as a source of support and conflict after a prostatectomy,” which includes empathetic reconnection with the partner and changes in sexual and cohabitation patterns and “The importance of social and professional circles,” which addresses the shortcomings of the healthcare system in terms of sexual information and counseling as well as the role of friends within social support. The study suggests the need to establish interventions that address interpersonal communication and attention to social and informational support and include both the patient and those closest to them.

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The death of patients with terminal cancer: the distress experienced by their children and medical professionals who provide the children with support care

BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care ◽

10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000811 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 183-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Otani ◽

Miwa Ozawa ◽

Tatsuya Morita ◽

Ayako Kawami ◽

Sahana Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Terminally Ill ◽

Local Communities ◽

Medical Professionals ◽

Terminal Cancer ◽

Time Of Death ◽

Grief Reaction ◽

The Family ◽

The Relationship ◽

Depth Interviews

BackgroundFew studies have been conducted on the experiences of children of terminally ill patients or hospital-based medical professionals supporting such children.AimThis study explored distress among individuals whose parents died of cancer in childhood and among hospital-based medical professionals supporting such children.DesignA qualitative study.Setting/participantsThe sample was 12 adults whose parents had died of cancer in childhood and 20 hospital-based medical professionals supporting children of patients’ with terminal cancer. In-depth interviews were conducted, focusing on the distress experienced by the participants. The data were analysed thematically.ResultsAmong adults whose parents died of cancer in childhood, we identified themes related to the period before death (eg, concealing the parent's illness), the time of death (eg, alienation due to isolation from the parent), soon after death (eg, fear and shock evoked by the bizarre circumstances, regrets regarding the relationship with the deceased parent before death), several years thereafter (ie, distinctive reflection during adolescence, prompted by the parent's absence) and the present time (ie, unresolved feelings regarding losing the parent). We identified seven themes among the medical professionals (eg, lack of knowledge/experience with children, the family's attempts to shield the child from the reality of death, estrangement from the family once they leave the hospital).ConclusionsAn important finding of the study is that the participants’ grief reaction to their parents’ deaths during childhood was prolonged. Moreover, hospital medical professionals may find it difficult to directly support affected children. Comprehensive support involving organisations (eg, local communities) may be necessary for children who have lost a parent.

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