Predictors of fear of childbirth and depressive symptoms among pregnant women: a cross-sectional survey in Pwani region, Tanzania

Abstract Background Many women experience fear of childbirth (FoB) and depressive symptoms (DS) during pregnancy, but little is known about FoB among Tanzanian women. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of FoB and DS among pregnant women and determine predictors of each and both, focusing on sociodemographic and obstetric predictors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at six health facilities in two districts in Tanzania between 2018 and 2019. In total, 694 pregnant women with gestational age between 32 and 40 weeks and expecting vaginal delivery were consecutively recruited and assessed for FoB and DS. We collected data through interviews using 6 and 4-points Likert Scale of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire Version A and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, respectively. Women who scored ≥66 and ≥ 10 were categorised as having FoB and DS, respectively. We performed multivariable logistic regression to investigate the predictors of FoB and DS. Results The prevalence rates of FoB and DS among pregnant women were 15.1 and 17.7%, respectively. FoB and DS were more likely in women aged above 30 years [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 6.29, 95%CI 1.43–27.84] and in single mothers (AOR 2.57, 95%CI 1.14–5.78). Women with secondary education and above (AOR 0.22, 95%CI 0.05–0.99) and those who had given birth previously (AOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.87) were less likely to have FoB in combination with DS Women who had previous obstetric complications, and those who did not receive any social support from male partners in previous childbirth were more likely to have FoB and DS. FoB was strongly associated with DS (AOR 3.42, 95%CI 2.12–5.53). DS only was more common in women who had inadequate income (AOR 2.35, 95%CI 1.38–3.99) or had previously experienced a perineal tear (AOR 2.32, 95%CI 1.31–4.08). Conclusions Not having a formal education, having only primary education, being aged above 30 years, being single, being nulliparous, having experienced obstetric complications, and having a lack of social support from a male partner during previous pregnancy and childbirth were predictors of FoB and DS during pregnancy. FoB and DS were strongly associated with each other. It is vital to identify at-risk women early, to offer support during pregnancy and childbirth.

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Fear of Childbirth and Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant Women: A Cross-sectional Survey in Tanzania

10.21203/rs.3.rs-124294/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Agnes Massae ◽

Agneta Svanberg ◽

Margareta Larsson ◽

Andrea Pembe ◽

Sebalda Leshabari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Male Partner ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Obstetric Complications ◽

Fear Of Childbirth ◽

Perineal Tear ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pregnancy And Childbirth

Abstract Background: Many women experience fear of childbirth (FoB) and depressive symptoms (DS) during pregnancy, but little is known about FoB among Tanzanian women. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of FoB and DS among pregnant women and determine predictors of each and both, focusing on sociodemographic and obstetric predictors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at six health facilities in two districts in Tanzania between 2018 and 2019. In total, 694 pregnant women with gestational age between 32 and 40 weeks and expecting vaginal delivery were consecutively recruited and assessed for FoB and DS. We collected data through interviews using the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire Version A and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. We performed multivariable logistic regression to investigate the predictors of FoB and DS. Results: The prevalence rates of FoB and DS among pregnant women were 15.1% and 17.7%, respectively. FoB and DS were more likely in women aged above 30 years (AOR 6.29, 95% CI 1.43–27.84) and in single mothers (AOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.14–5.78). Women with secondary education and above and those who had given birth previously were less likely to have FoB (AOR 0.22, 95%CI 0.05–0.99) and DS (AOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.01–0.87). Women who had previous obstetric complications, and those who did not receive any social support from male partners in previous childbirth were more likely to have FoB and DS. FoB was strongly associated with DS (AOR 3.42, 95% CI 21.20–5.53). DS only was more common in women who had inadequate income (AOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.38–3.99) or had previously experienced a perineal tear (AOR 2.32, 95% CI 1.31–4.08).Conclusions: Not having a formal education, having only primary education, being aged above 30 years, being single, being nulliparous, having experienced obstetric complications, and having a lack of social support from a male partner during previous pregnancy and childbirth were predictors of FoB and DS during pregnancy. FoB and DS were strongly associated with each other. It is vital to identify at-risk women early, to offer support during pregnancy and childbirth.

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Religiosity, Spirituality, and Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Women

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.2190/pm.37.3.g ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 301-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Joshua R. Mann ◽

Robert E. McKeown ◽

Janice Bacon ◽

Roumen Vesselinov ◽

Freda Bush

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cutoff Score ◽

Intermediate Step ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Religiosity And Spirituality

Objective: Depression during pregnancy has potential repercussions for both women and infants. Religious and spiritual characteristics may be associated with fewer depressive symptoms. This study examines the association between religiosity/spirituality and depressive symptoms in pregnant women. Method: Pregnant women in three southern obstetrics practices were included in a cross sectional study evaluating religiosity, spirituality, and depressive symptoms. Symptoms of depression were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The depression outcome was measured in two ways: the EPDS score as a continuous outcome, and a score at or above the recommended EPDS cutoff (> 14). A wide array of potential confounders was addressed. Special attention was given to the interplay between religiosity/spirituality, social support, and depressive symptoms. Results: The mean EPDS score was 9.8 out of a maximum possible score of 30. Twenty-eight women (8.1%) scored above the recommended EPDS cutoff score. Overall religiosity/spirituality was significantly associated with fewer depressive symptoms when controlling for significant covariates, but there was a significant interaction such that the association became weaker as social support increased. Social support did not appear to be an important mediator (intermediate step) in the pathway between religiosity/spirituality and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Religiosity and spirituality may help protect from depressive symptoms when social support is lacking. Longitudinal research is needed to assess the directionality of the observed relationships.

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Effects of social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ◽

10.1186/s12955-020-01660-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xinxin Zhao ◽

Ming Sun ◽

Ye Yang

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Psychosocial Interventions ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background The prevalence of depression symptoms and related modifiable factors in prostate cancer (PCa) are not well evaluated. We aimed to assess the effects of perceived social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of PCa, and to evaluate the role of hope and resilience as mediators of that relationship. Method A cross-sectional study was analyzed in consecutive inpatients with PCa during the months of January 2018 and August 2019. A total of 667 patients eligible for this study completed questionnaires on demographic and clinic variables, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Adult Hope Scale, and Resilience Scale (14 items). All registered patients were all volunteers and anonymous. Depressive symptoms, perceived social support, hope and resilience were measured anonymously. Out of 667 patients, a total of 564 effective respondents (< 30% missing data) became our subjects. Hierarchical linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to conduct the mediating effects of hope and resilience. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 65.9% in PCa patients. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that perceived social support, hope, and resilience together accounted for 27.5% variance of depressive symptoms. Support from family, hope, and resilience significantly associated with depressive symptoms, respectively. Hope (a*b = − 0.0783, BCa95% CI: − 0.134 to − 0.0319, p < 0.05), and resilience (a*b = − 0.1315, BCa95% CI: − 0.1894 to − 0.0783, p < 0.05) significantly mediated the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. Conclusions The high prevalence of depressive symptoms among PCa patients should receive more attention. Perceived social support, hope and resilience could be positive resources for combating depressive symptoms, and hope and resilience mediated the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. Enhancing social support, particularly the support form family, and improving patients’ outlook and resilience may be potential targets for future psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing depressive symptoms.

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Association between depressive symptoms and psychosocial factors and perception of maternal self-efficacy in teenage mothers

Salud Mental ◽

10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2017.026 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 201-208

Author(s):

Ma Asunción Lara ◽

◽

Pamela Patiño ◽

Laura Navarrete ◽

Zaira Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Teenage Pregnancy ◽

Post Partum ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction. Teenage pregnancy is a national health priority. Having to deal with pregnancy during adolescence can cause the mother, at an already vulnerable age, to doubt her maternal capacity to cope with a challenge of this magnitude. The teenage mother’s assessment of her maternal self-efficacy is associated with her performance, in other words, the way she relates and responds to the needs of her infant, which has major implications for the latter’s development. Objective. To study the association between personal (depressive symptoms, self-esteem) and environmental characteristics (social support, partner satisfaction) and those of the infant (problems with infant care, the infants’s temperament) and the perception of maternal self-efficacy (PME) in adolescent mothers. Method. Cross-sectional study. The following instruments were applied: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Post-partum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R), and Maternal Efficacy Questionnaire to 120 mothers under 20 during the first six months postpartum. Bivariate lineal regression and hierarchical linear regression analyses were used for the data analysis. Results. When adjusting for other variables, symptoms of depression and difficult infant temperament were associated with lower PME. Social support was only associated with increased PME in the bivariate analysis. Discussion and conclusion. These findings contribute to the limited literature on the subject and provide elements for designing strategies to improve adolescent mothers’ PME to encourage behaviors that are more relevant and sensitive to infants’ physical and emotional needs.

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Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Amongst Surgical Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-125116/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chun-Xia Ren ◽

De-Cun Zhou ◽

Yin-Guang Fan ◽

Bao-Zhu Li ◽

Wan-Fei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Rating ◽

Surgical Nurses

Abstract BackgroundThe outbreak of novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has imposed an enormous physical and psychological pressure on people across the world. This study focused on evaluating the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in surgical nurses during the epidemic in China. MethodA cross-sectional, multicenter quantitative study was conducted in Anhui province (China) from March 3, 2020 to March 19, 2020, with a questionnaire package which consisted of general information questionnaire，Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Zung's self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and social support rating scale (SSRS). A total of 3600 surgical nurses participated in the survey by Wechat and QQ. Data were analysed using multiple linear regression models. ResultsA total of 3492 surgical nurses from 12tertiary hospitals and 12 secondary hospitals in one province of mainland China completed the survey. The prevalence rates of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms were 24.83% and 22.39%, respectively. The average level of anxiety and depression of surgical nurses were higher than that of the Chinese norm (P< 0.05).Levels of social support for surgical nurses were significantly negatively associated with the degree of anxiety (r = -0.630, P < 0.001) and depression (r = -0.578, P < 0.001). Fertility status (β = 1.469, P = 0.003), hospital (β = -0.611, P < 0.001), participation in care for COVID-19 patients (β = 2.229, P < 0.001), likelihood of being infected with COVID-19 (β = 1.146, P < 0.001), social support (β = -0.623, P < 0.001) were significantly influencing surgical nurses’ anxiety degree. Similarly, these characteristics were significantly associated with the odds of experiencing depression symptoms in surgical nurses. Divorce and widowed surgical nurses (β = -2.654, P < 0.001) were significantly more likely to experience depressive symptoms than single nurses. ConclusionIn this survey, we found that the surgical nurses had high anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The findings suggest that targeted psychological interventions to promote the mental health of surgical nurses with psychological problems need to be immediately implemented.

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The COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Well-Being of Pregnant Women in Japan: Need for Economic and Social Policy Interventions

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2020.334 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Midori Matsushima ◽

Hanna Horiguchi

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Cutoff Score ◽

Economic Wealth ◽

Mental Well Being

ABSTRACT Objective: This study explores the mental well-being of pregnant women in Japan during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: We collected 1777 responses from pregnant women through an online survey. Using the Japanese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), we calculated the percentage of pregnant women above the cutoff (≥ 13), and the factor scores of anhedonia, anxiety, and depression. Regression analyses were performed to identify factors and socioeconomic characteristics correlated with depressive symptoms. Results: The point prevalence of pregnant women with an EPDS score of ≥ 13 was 17%. The mean scores were 0.73, 3.68, and 1.82 for anhedonia, anxiety, and depression, respectively. The probability of becoming above the cutoff score positively correlated with the cancellation of planned informal support, higher perceived risk for infection of COVID-19, difficulties in household finances, and lack of social support. Moreover, being younger, less wealthy, unemployed, and without a partner showed a significantly higher possibility of having a score above the cutoff. Conclusions: The present study found a high percentage of pregnant women with depressive symptoms. Notably, COVID-19-related variables, including perceived risk for the infection, fear of decreasing economic wealth, and social support, were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.

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Depressive symptoms among frontline and non-frontline healthcare providers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Kelantan, Malaysia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256932 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0256932

Author(s):

Mohd Noor Norhayati ◽

Ruhana Che Yusof ◽

Mohd Yacob Azman

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychiatric Illnesses ◽

Government Hospitals

Background Healthcare providers are vulnerable in the fight against COVID-19 and may experience significant psychological and mental health consequences. This study aimed to compare the levels of depressive symptoms among frontline and non-frontline healthcare providers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in two government hospitals managing COVID-19-related cases in Kelantan, Malaysia from May to July 2020 to identify and compared depressive symptoms levels of frontline and non-frontline healthcare providers. Convenient sampling was applied in the selection of eligible participants and those diagnosed as having any psychiatric illnesses were excluded. The self-administered questionnaires for the Malay versions of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to measure depressive symptoms score and the Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey to measure social support score as an important confounder. A descriptive analysis, independent t-test and ANCOVA were performed using SPSS version 26. Results A total of 306 respondents from healthcare providers were recruited which 160 were frontline healthcare providers and 146 were non-frontline healthcare providers. The level of depressive symptoms (HADS score >8) was 27.5% for the frontline healthcare providers and 37.7% for the non-frontline healthcare providers. The mean depressive symptoms score for the non-frontline healthcare providers was 0.75 points higher than that of the frontline healthcare providers after adjusting for gender, duration of employment and social support. Conclusion Non-frontline healthcare providers are also experiencing psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic even though they do not have direct contact with COVID-19 patients.

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Depressive symptoms during pregnancy and their risk factors – a cross-sectional study

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ◽

10.15584/ejcem.2020.1.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

Stepan Feduniw ◽

◽

Olga Płaza ◽

Dominika Paździor ◽

Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Members ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Common Disease ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results

Introduction. It was established that intragestational depression is a common disease, with the estimated average prevalence of 10–25% in all expectant mothers worldwide. Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of depressive symptoms in pregnant women in Poland and to identify which factors may be related to a higher risk of depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Material and methods. A prospective cross-sectional study was performed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the validated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). 346 women were enrolled in the study. Results. 130 women (37.6%) scored 13 or more points and were considered as presenting with depressive symptoms. Independent risk factors of depressive symptoms during pregnancy including mood disorders diagnosed before the current pregnancy (aOR=2.68, 95%CI 1.37-5.22), mental disorders confirmed in family members (aOR=2.72, 95%CI 1.24-5.98), unhappiness in their current relationship (aOR=4.0, 95%CI 1.77-9.01), lack of support from family members (aOR=2.73, 95%CI 1.51-4.96) increased the risk of DS and good financial status decreased the risk of DS occurrence (aOR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.25-0.80). Conclusions. Pregnant women commonly report depressive symptoms. The evaluation of relations with the family members, socio-economic status, former depressive symptoms and possible prenatal depression are essential for proper screening of depression in pregnant women.

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Sintomas depressivos em gestantes e violência por parceiro íntimo: um estudo transversal

Enfermería Global ◽

10.6018/eglobal.408841 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 1-45

Author(s):

Leilson Da Silva Lima ◽

Tainá Orrara Amaral do Carmo ◽

Custódio De Souza Brito Neto ◽

José Luis Da Cunha Pena

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Family Income ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Country Study ◽

Unwanted Pregnancies

Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de síntomas depresivos en gestantes y su asociación con la violencia de pareja.Métodos: Este es un estudio piloto transversal de una muestra de 65 gestantes que recibieron atención prenatal en la Unidad Básica de Salud de la Universidad Federal de Amapá entre septiembre y octubre de 2018. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario socioeconómico, demográfico y obstétrico; la Escala de Depresión Posparto de Edimburgo, y el Estudio Multipaís sobre la salud de la mujer y la violencia doméstica.Resultados: El 41,5% de las gestantes tienen síntomas depresivos, en el análisis de regresión logística, estos síntomas tienen una asociación significativa con mujeres que sufren algún tipo de violencia de pareja (OR = 6,74; IC 95% 2,0 – 21,7; p = 0,001) Además, estar empleada, ser soltera, tener bajo nivel de escolaridad, bajos ingresos familiares y embarazo no deseado influyeron significativamente en los síntomas depresivos durante el embarazo.Conclusiones: Hubo un alto porcentaje de síntomas depresivos durante el embarazo y estos se relacionan con la violencia de pareja. Objective: To evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms in pregnant women and their association with intimate partner violence.Methods: This is a cross-sectional pilot study conducted with a sample of 65 pregnant women who performed prenatal care at the Basic Health Unit of the Federal University of Amapá in September and October 2018. For data collection, a socioeconomic, demographic and obstetric questionnaire was used, apart from the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, and the Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence.Results: 41.5% of the pregnant women had depressive symptoms; in the logistic regression analysis, these symptoms have a significant association in women who suffer some type of intimate partner violence (OR = 6.74; 95% CI: 2.0 - 21.7; p = 0.001). In addition, being employed, being single, having low schooling, low family income, and unwanted pregnancies were affected by depressive symptoms during pregnancy.Conclusions: There was a high percentage of depressive symptoms during pregnancy and these were related to intimate partner violence. Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de sintomas depressivos em gestantes e sua associação com a violência sofrida pelo parceiro.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo piloto transversal a partir de uma amostra de 65 gestantes que realizaram acompanhamento de pré-natal na Unidade Básica de Saúde da Universidade Federal do Amapá nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2018. Para coleta foi usado um questionário socioeconômico, demográfico e obstétrico; a Escala de Depressão Pós-Parto de Edimburgo; e o Estudo Multi-Países sobre Saúde da Mulher e Violência Doméstica.Resultados: 41,5% das gestantes apresentaram sintomas depressivos, na análise de regressão logística esses sintomas mostraram ter associação significativa em mulheres que sofreram algum tipo de violência pelo parceiro íntimo (OR = 6,74; IC95% 2,0 - 21,7; p=0,001), além disso, estar empregada, ser solteira, ter baixa escolaridade, baixa renda familiar e gravidez indesejada foram significativamente influenciadores para os sintomas depressivos durante a gestação.Conclusões: Houve alta porcentagem de sintomas depressivos durante a gestação e esses estiveram relacionados com a violência por parceiro íntimo.

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Effects of social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of prostate cancer

10.21203/rs.2.20543/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xinxin Zhao ◽

Ming Sun ◽

Ye Yang

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Psychosocial Interventions ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background The prevalence of depression symptoms and related modifiable factors in prostate cancer (PCa) are not well evaluated. We aimed to assess the effects of perceived social support, hope and resilience on depressive symptoms within 18 months after diagnosis of PCa, and to evaluate the role of hope and resilience as mediators of that relationship.Method A cross-sectional study was analyzed in consecutive inpatients with PCa during the months of January 2018 and August 2019. A total of 667 patients eligible for this study completed questionnaires on demographic and clinic variables, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Adult Hope Scale, and Resilience Scale (14 items). All registered patients were all volunteers and anonymous. Depressive symptoms, perceived social support, hope and resilience were measured anonymously. Out of 667 patients, a total of 564 effective respondents (< 30% missing data) became our subjects. Hierarchical linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to conduct the mediating effects of hope and resilienceResults The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 65.9% in PCa patients. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that perceived social support, hope, and resilience together accounted for 27.5% variance of depressive symptoms. Support from family, hope, and resilience significantly associated with depressive symptoms, respectively. Hope (a*b = -0.0783, BCa95% CI:-0.134 to -0.0319, p < 0.05), and resilience (a*b = -0.1315, BCa95% CI:-0.1894 to -0.0783, p < 0.05) significantly mediated the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms.Conclusions The high prevalence of depressive symptoms among PCa patients should receive more attention. Perceived social support, hope and resilience could be positive resources for combating depressive symptoms, and hope and resilience mediated the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. Enhancing social support, particularly the support form family, and improving patients’ outlook and resilience may be potential targets for future psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing depressive symptoms.

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