Hydrolysis of long-chain, n-3 fatty acid enriched chylomicrons by cardiac lipoprotein lipase

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryna Levy ◽  
Gene R Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Long Chain

The hydrolysis of chylomicrons enriched in long-chain n-3 fatty acids by cardiac lipoprotein lipase was studied. In 60 min, 24.8% of the triacylglycerol fatty acids were released as free fatty acids. The fatty acids were hydrolyzed at different rates. DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3) were released at rates significantly less than average. Stearic acid (18:0), 20:1n-9, and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) were released significantly faster than average. There was no relationship between the rate of release of a fatty acid and the number of carbons or the number of double bonds. Lipoprotein lipase selectively hydrolyzes the fatty acids of chylomicron triacylglycerols. This selectively will result in remnants that are relatively depleted in 18:0, 20:1, and 18:3 and relatively enriched in 20:5 and 22:6.Key words: lipoprotein lipase, chylomicrons, fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid.

Rapid in vivo hydrolysis of fatty acid ethyl esters, toxic nonoxidative ethanol metabolites

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (1) ◽  
pp. G184-G190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Saghir ◽  
J. Werner ◽  
M. Laposata
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Ethanol Ingestion ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), esterification products of fatty acids and ethanol, are in use as fatty acid supplements, but they also have been implicated as toxic mediators of ethanol ingestion. We hypothesized that hydrolysis of orally ingested FAEE occurs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and in the blood to explain their apparent lack of toxicity. To study the in vivo inactivation of FAEE by hydrolysis to free fatty acids and ethanol, we assessed the hydrolysis of FAEE administered as an oil directly into the rat stomach and when injected within the core of low-density lipoprotein particles into the circulation of rats. Our studies demonstrate that FAEE are rapidly degraded to free fatty acids and ethanol in the GI tract at the level of the duodenum with limited hydrolysis in the stomach. In addition, FAEE are rapidly degraded in the circulation, with a half-life of only 58 s. Thus the degradation of FAEE in the GI tract and in the blood provides an explanation for the apparent lack of toxicity of orally ingested FAEE.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK CACING LAUT SIASIA (SIPUNCULUS, SP) DARI PERAIRAN PANTAI PULAU NUSALAUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Bernita Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Coastal Communities

Background: "Siasia" is a seaworm species in the phylum that includes Sipuncula Sipunculidea class. This animal has been consumed for generations by coastal communities Nusalaut Island, central mollucas but not yet universally known. Until now there has been obtained gisi complete composition. This study aimed to identify the composition of fatty acids contained in vain fresh seaworms. Methods: Seaworms vain taken from coastal waters of Negeri Titawaai and Nalahia Nusalaut Island, Central Moluccas in March 2014. The parameters analyzed include methods is sokhlet fat content and fatty acid by GC method. Results: The results showed fresh siasia fat content 1.12% of coastal waters Titawaai while 1.91% of coastal waters Nalahia. Fatty acids seaworms were identified from coastal waters Titawai  is  kaparat acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) acid and eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5) while the fatty acids of  seaworm vain of coastal waters Nalahia include is lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid ( C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3). Conclusion: The fat content of fresh siasia sea worms is 1.12% from the waters of Titawaai beach, while 1.91% of the waters of the coast of Nalahia.

scholarly journals Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Carmen Hernández-Martinez ◽  
Nuria Voltas ◽  
Josefa Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Total N

Abstract Background During pregnancy a high amount of fatty acids (FA) is necessary to meet foetus demands, which vary during gestation. The present study describes the changes in maternal fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy in a sample of pregnant women. Methods This is a longitudinal study of 479 pregnant women who were monitored from the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics were recorded and a serum sample was collected in each trimester. The fatty acid profile (saturated (SFA: total, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid), monounsaturated (MUFA: total, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: total omega-6 (n-6), linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-3 (n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was analysed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination. Results From the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy, a significant increase in total SFA, total MUFA and total n-6 PUFA was found. (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the serum concentration of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total n-3 PUFA decreased during gestation (p < 0.001). A statistically non-significant result was observed for the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) serum concentration between the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Significant correlations were observed between each total fatty acid concentrations of the first and third trimesters. Conclusion The circulating serum concentration of SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA increases during pregnancy, whereas essential fatty acids such as AA and EPA decrease, and DHA remains unchanged. Further research is necessary to understand the role played by FA throughout gestation.

Adipose tissue in experimental nephrotic syndrome

1963 ◽  
Vol 205 (4) ◽  
pp. 702-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Gutman ◽  
Eleazar Shafrir
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Defective Metabolism ◽  
Inadequate Food Intake

Epididymal adipose tissue of aminonucleoside-treated rats, investigated 3 to 6 days after induction of the nephrotic syndrome, had low glycogen levels and showed impaired esterification of free fatty acids and assimilation of lipoprotein triglyceride and markedly reduced liberation of lipoprotein lipase. These results were found to be influenced by the inadequate food intake of the acutely nephrotic animals and comparable to the values of control rats fasted for 2 days. On return to adequate nutrition, which occurred 12–20 days after aminonucleoside treatment, adipose tissue glycogen and free fatty acid assimilation returned toward normal levels but lipoprotein-lipase liberation remained below normal. In rats rendered nephrotic by antikidney serum, the assimilation of free fatty acids and lipoprotein-triglyceride by adipose tissue was impaired in spite of only minor reduction in food consumption. The results indicate that the defective metabolism of adipose tissue in nephrotic animals may be contributory to the nephrotic hypertriglyceridemia.

Origin of Characteristic Properties of Natural Rubber—Synergistic Effect of Fatty Acids on Crystallization of cis-1,4-Polyisoprene: II, Mixed and Esterified Fatty Acids in Natural Rubber

1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Nishiyama ◽  
Seiichi Kawahara ◽  
Takashi Kakubo ◽  
Eng Aik Hwee ◽  
Yasuyuki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Deproteinized Natural Rubber ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Crystallization behavior of deproteinized natural rubber at −25°C was investigated by dilatometry in connection with the effect of long-chain fatty acid groups, esterified to the rubber chain, as well as free fatty acids and their esters. The overall crystallization rate decreased after removal of the acetone-extractable free fatty acids and their esters, while it increased significantly when the fatty acid groups esterified to natural rubber molecule were removed by transesterification with sodium methoxide. Both the acetone-extracted and transesterified rubbers showed a significant increase in the overall crystallization rate after the addition of 1 wt % stearic acid. The crystallization of acetone-extracted rubber was accelerated by the addition of 1 wt % methyl linoleate, a plasticizer of natural rubber, whereas it was suppressed in the case of transesterified rubber in which the esterified fatty acid groups were removed completely. The fatty acid groups esterified to natural rubber molecule gave rise to the accelerated crystallization of the rubber in conjunction with free fatty acids and their esters.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK CACING LAUT SIASIA (Sipunculus, SP) DARI PERAIRAN PANTAI PULAU NUSALAUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Bernita Br Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Fat Content

Background: "Siasia" is a seaworm species in the phylum that includes Sipuncula Sipunculidea class. This animal has been consumed for generations by coastal communities Nusalaut Island, central mollucas but not yet universally known. Until now there has been obtained gisi complete composition. This study aimed to identify the composition of fatty acids contained in vain fresh seaworms. Method: Seaworms vain taken from coastal waters of Negeri Titawaai and Nalahia Nusalaut Island, Central Moluccas in March 2014. The parameters analyzed include methods is sokhlet fat content and fatty acid by GC method. Result: The results showed fresh siasia fat content 1.12% of coastal waters Titawaai while 1.91% of coastal waters Nalahia. Fatty acids seaworms were identified from coastal waters Titawai  is  kaparat acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18 : 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) acid and eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5) while the fatty acids of  seaworm vain of coastal waters Nalahia include is lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid ( C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3). Conclusion: Siasia fatty acid from Titawai waters of the identified seven seas of each capsic acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1) , Stearic acid (C18: 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5) whereas Siasia fatty acids from Nalahia's coastal waters were identified as five lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3).

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