scholarly journals Risk factors for suicidal thoughts in informal caregivers: results from the population-based Netherlands mental health survey and incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlijn J. Joling ◽  
Margreet ten Have ◽  
Ron de Graaf ◽  
Siobhan T. O’Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Physical Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
General Population Study

Abstract Background Previous research suggests that family caregivers contemplate suicide at a higher rate than the general population. Much of this research has been disease specific and in relatively small samples. This study aimed to compare suicidal thoughts between non-caregivers and informal caregivers of people with a variety of conditions, in a large representative sample, and to identify significant risk factors. Methods The general population study NEMESIS-2 (N at baseline = 6646) included 1582 adult caregivers at the second wave (2010–2012) who also participated at the third wave (2013–2015). Suicidal thoughts were assessed over 4 years, with the Suicidality Module of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. The presence of suicidal thoughts was estimated and risk factors for suicidal thoughts were assessed with logistic regression analyses adjusted for age and gender. Results Thirty-six informal caregivers (2.9%) reported suicidal thoughts during the 4 year study period. The difference between caregivers and non-caregivers (3.0%) was not significant. Among caregivers, significant risk factors for suicidal thoughts included being unemployed, living without a partner, having lower levels of social support, having a chronic physical disorder, a mood disorder or an anxiety disorder, and having impaired social, physical and emotional functioning. These risk factors were also found in non-caregivers. No caregiving-related characteristics were associated with suicidal thoughts. Conclusion There was no elevated rate of suicidal thoughts in caregivers and risk factors for suicidal thoughts in caregivers were consistent with risk factors in non-caregivers. No association between caregiving characteristics and suicidal thoughts was found. Caregivers with limited resources and in poorer health might still benefit from prevention and intervention efforts.

scholarly journals Risk and predictors of heart failure in sarcoidosis in a population-based cohort study from Sweden

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2021-319129
Author(s):  
Marios Rossides ◽  
Susanna Kullberg ◽  
Johan Grunewald ◽  
Anders Eklund ◽  
Daniela Di Giuseppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
General Population ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

ObjectivesPrevious studies showed a strong association between sarcoidosis and heart failure (HF) but did not consider risk stratification or risk factors to identify useful aetiological insights. We estimated overall and stratified HRs and identified risk factors for HF in sarcoidosis.MethodsSarcoidosis cases were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR; ≥2 International Classification of Diseases-coded visits, 2003–2013) and matched to general population comparators. They were followed for HF in the NPR. Treated were cases who were dispensed ≥1 immunosuppressant ±3 months from the first sarcoidosis visit (2006–2013). Using Cox models, we estimated HRs adjusted for demographics and comorbidity and identified independent risk factors of HF together with their attributable fractions (AFs).ResultsDuring follow-up, 204 of 8574 sarcoidosis cases and 721 of 84 192 comparators were diagnosed with HF (rate 2.2 vs 0.7/1000 person-years, respectively). The HR associated with sarcoidosis was 2.43 (95% CI 2.06 to 2.86) and did not vary by age, sex or treatment status. It was higher during the first 2 years after diagnosis (HR 3.7 vs 1.9) and in individuals without a history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD; HR 2.7 vs 1.7). Diabetes, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias were the strongest independent clinical predictors of HF (HR 2.5 each, 2-year AF 20%, 16% and 12%, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough low, the HF rate was more than twofold increased in sarcoidosis compared with the general population, particularly right after diagnosis. IHD history cannot solely explain these risks, whereas ventricular arrhythmias indicating cardiac sarcoidosis appear to be a strong predictor of HF in sarcoidosis.

Social support and delusional-like experiences: a nationwide population-based study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saha ◽  
J. Scott ◽  
D. Varghese ◽  
J. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
General Population ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Physical Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

Background.Population-based studies have identified that delusional-like experiences (DLEs) are common in the general population. While there is a large literature exploring the relationship between poor social support and risk of mental illness, there is a lack of empirical data examining the association of poor social support and DLEs. The aim of the study was to explore the association between social support and DLEs using a large, nationally representative community sample.Methods.Subjects were drawn from a national multistage probability survey of 8841 adults aged between 16 and 85 years. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify DLEs, common psychiatric disorders and physical disorders. Eight questions assessed various aspects of social support with spouse/partners and other family and friends. We examined the relationship between DLEs and social support using logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounding factors.Results.Of the sample, 8.4% (n = 776) positively endorsed one or more DLEs. Individuals who (a) had the least contact with friends, or (b) could not rely on or confide in spouse/partner, family or friends were significantly more likely to endorse DLEs. The associations remained significant after adjusting for a range of potential confounding factors.Conclusions.DLEs are associated with impoverished social support in the general population. While we cannot exclude the possibility that the presence of isolated DLEs results in a reduction of social support, we speculate that poor social support may contribute in a causal fashion to the risk of DLEs.

scholarly journals Diastolic dysfunction in individuals with and without heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Per Wenzel ◽  
Ramona Bei der Kellen ◽  
Christina Magnussen ◽  
Stefan Blankenberg ◽  
Benedikt Schrage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Common Finding

Abstract Aim Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD), a common finding in the general population, is considered to be associated with heart failure with preserved ejection faction (HFpEF). Here we evaluate the prevalence and correlates of DD in subjects with and without HFpEF in a middle-aged sample of the general population. Methods and results From the first 10,000 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), 5913 subjects (mean age 64.4 ± 8.3 years, 51.3% females), qualified for the current analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was identified in 753 (12.7%) participants. Of those, 11.2% showed DD without HFpEF (ALVDD) while 1.3% suffered from DD with HFpEF (DDwHFpEF). In multivariable regression analysis adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors, ALVDD was associated with arterial hypertension (OR 2.0, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR 1.2, p = 0.007). Associations of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF were: age (OR 1.7, p < 0.001; OR 2.7, p < 0.001), BMI (OR 1.2, p < 0.001; OR 1.6, p = 0.001), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). In contrast, female sex (OR 2.5, p = 0.006), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.6, p = 0.024), CAD (OR 7.2, p < 0.001) COPD (OR 3.9, p < 0.001), and QRS duration (OR 1.4, p = 0.005) were strongly associated with DDwHFpEF but not with ALVDD. Conclusion The prevalence of DD in a sample from the first 10,000 participants of the population-based HCHS was 12.7% of whom 1.3% suffered from HFpEF. DD with and without HFpEF showed significant associations with different major cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities warranting further research for their possible role in the formation of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF.

Abstract TMP48: Stroke Symptoms and Risk of Future Hospitalization: Implications for an Easy and Quick Screening for an Important Patient-Centered Outcome

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia J Howard ◽  
J. D Rhodes ◽  
Suzanne E Judd ◽  
Dawn O Kleindorfer ◽  
Anne W Alexandrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Stroke Symptom ◽  
Regards Study

Background: Stroke symptoms in the general population are common (≈18% of adults 45+) and are associated with future stroke. These symptoms may also identify a broad spectrum of clinically-undetected vascular conditions. Methods: Stroke symptoms (sudden weakness, numbness, unilateral or general loss of vision, and loss of ability to communicate or understand) and time to self-reported hospitalization for any cardiovascular (CVD) reason (heart, stroke, or TIA) or stroke were assessed in the REGARDS Study (a national, population-based, longitudinal study of 30,239 African-American and white adults > 45 years enrolled 2003-2007). The symptom-hospitalization association was assessed by proportional hazards analysis in persons stroke/TIA-free at baseline, with adjustment for demographics (age, race and sex), further adjustment for SES (income and education), CVD risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation and heart disease), and “perceived health status.” Results: Over an average follow-up of 5.6 years, presence of any stroke symptom was associated with greater risk of hospitalization for stroke (11% versus 6%; HR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.52 - 1.85), a risk only modestly attenuated by adjustment for SES (HR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.44 - 1.76), risk factors (HR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.29 - 1.60), and perceived health (HR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.23 - 1.53). However, presence of any stroke symptom was more strongly related to hospitalization for CVD (42% vs. 24%; HR = 1.92; 95 CI: 1.82 - 2.03), only modestly mediated by adjustment for SES (HR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.73 - 1.93), risk factors (HR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.57 - 1.76), and perceived health (HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.48 - 1.66). Conclusions: Stroke symptoms appear to be a marker not only for stroke risk, but also for general CVD. Simple questions can identify 18% of the general population that have over a 40% chance of hospitalization for CVD over a 5-year horizon. Implications for potential intervention to reduce risk are profound.

scholarly journals Public awareness of risk factors for cancer among the Japanese general population: A population-based survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Inoue ◽  
Motoki Iwasaki ◽  
Tetsuya Otani ◽  
Shizuka Sasazuki ◽  
Shoichiro Tsugane
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Japanese General Population ◽  
Population Based Survey

scholarly journals Risk factors and health consequences of physical and emotional violence against children in Zimbabwe: a nationally representative survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handrick Chigiji ◽  
Deborah Fry ◽  
Tinashe Enock Mwadiwa ◽  
Aldo Elizalde ◽  
Noriko Izumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Level ◽  
National Population

IntroductionThis study provides, for the first time, comparable national population-based estimates that describe the nature and magnitude of physical and emotional violence during childhood in Zimbabwe.MethodsFrom August to September 2011, we conducted a national population-based survey of 2410 respondents aged 13–24 years, using a two-stage cluster sampling. Regression models were adjusted for relevant demographics to estimate the ORs for associations between violence, risk factors and various health-related outcomes.ResultsRespondents aged 18–24 years report a lifetime prevalence (before the age of 18) of 63.9% (among girls) to 76% (among boys) for physical violence by a parent or adult relative, 12.6% (girls) to 26.4% (boys) for humiliation in front of others, and 17.3% (girls) to 17.5% (boys) for feeling unwanted. Almost 50% of either sex aged 13–17 years experienced physical violence in the 12 months preceding the survey. Significant risk factors for experiencing physical violence for girls are ever experiencing emotional abuse prior to age 13, adult illness in the home, socioeconomic status and age. Boys’ risk factors include peer relationships and socioeconomic status, while caring teachers and trusted community members are protective factors. Risk factors for emotional abuse vary, including family relationships, teacher and school-level variables, socioeconomic status, and community trust and security. Emotional abuse is associated with increased suicide attempts for both boys and girls, among other health outcomes.ConclusionPhysical and emotional violence often work in tandem causing poor mental and physical health outcomes. Understanding risk factors for violence within the peer or family context is essential for improved violence prevention.

Tumour incidence in Fabry disease: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Federica Rossi ◽  
Sara Auricchio ◽  
Agnese Binaggia ◽  
Vincenzo L’imperio ◽  
Fabio Pagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Enzyme Replacement

Background: Recently, a possible correlation between altered glycosphingolipid metabolism, that occurs in Fabry disease, and cancer development has been suggested. We analysed both incidence and prevalence of benign and malignant tumours in a Fabry patient cohort and compared them with the Italian general population. The analysis of major risk factors was performed. Methods: A total of 53 Fabry patients, followed by Nephrology Unit of San Gerardo Hospital (Monza, Italy), were retrospectively enrolled. Primary outcome was cancer development during the follow-up period (2007–2017). Cancer prevalence and incidence rate were calculated and compared to those in the Italian general population, acquired from public report on cancer estimates produced by the Cancer Registers’ Italian Association. Fisher’s exact test and multivariate analysis were performed to identify significant risk factors. Results: Nine (17%) patients were diagnosed with malignant neoplasia (stage T1–T3, N0M0). Most of them were female (77.8%) and were 59 ± 9 years old. In the benign tumour group, different lesions, ranging from adenoma to dysplasia, were recorded. Italian cancer prevalence is currently 5.5%, while in our population it was 17%; the incidence rate ratio of the Fabry population compared with the general population was 2.66 (95% confidence interval from 1.33 to 5.32). The risk factor analysis has revealed that older age was a negative factor for cancer onset, while enzyme replacement therapy had a protective role effect against cancer in Fabry patients. Conclusion: Cancer could be an important associated pathology in Fabry patients. Their altered glycosphingolipid metabolism may have an oncogenic role. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationships between Fabry disease and cancer onset. Tumours in Fabry subjects could be diagnosed at an early stage allowing patients to have a concrete chance of treatment success.

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