scholarly journals Association of treatment procedures and resilience to symptom load three-years later in a clinical sample of adolescent psychiatric patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Skulstad Gårdvik ◽  
Marite Rygg ◽  
Terje Torgersen ◽  
Jan Lance Wallander ◽  
Stian Lydersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Total Problem ◽  
T Score ◽  
Symptom Load ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background We aimed to examine symptom load in a clinical adolescent population at three-year follow-up and explore associations with standard care treatment procedures and resilience factors upon first presenting at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. Methods This study is part of a prospective longitudinal cohort study: The Health Survey in Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs hospital, Norway. A clinical population of 717 (43.5% of eligible) adolescents aged 13–18 years participated in the first study visit (T1, 2009–2011). Of these, 447 adolescents with psychiatric disorders, with treatment history from medical records and self-reported resilience factors (Resilience Scale for Adolescents; READ) at T1, reported symptom load (Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment - Youth Self Report; YSR) three years later aged 16–21 years (T2). Result At T1, 93.0% received individual treatment. The frequency of psychotherapy and medication varied by disorder group and between genders. Overall, psychotherapy was more frequent among girls, whereas medication was more common among boys. Total READ mean value (overall 3.5, SD 0.8), ranged from patients with mood disorders (3.0, SD 0.7) to patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (3.7, SD 0.7), and was lower for girls than boys in all diagnostic groups. At T2, the YSR Total Problem mean T-score ranged across the diagnostic groups (48.7, SD 24.0 to 62.7, SD 30.2), with highest symptom scores for those with mood disorders at T1, of whom 48.6% had T-scores in the borderline/clinical range (≥60) three years later. Number of psychotherapy sessions was positively associated and Total READ score was negatively associated with the YSR Total Problems T-score (regression coefficient β = 0.5, CI (0.3 to 0.7), p < 0.001 and β = − 15.7, CI (− 19.2 to − 12.1), p < 0.001, respectively). The subscale Personal Competence was associated with the lowest Total Problem score for both genders. Conclusions Self-reported symptom load was substantial after three years, despite comprehensive treatment procedures. Higher self-reported resilience characteristics were associated with lower symptom load after three years. These results highlight the burden of adolescent psychiatric disorders, the need for extensive interventions and the importance of resilience factors for a positive outcome.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Disorders in Young Adults Diagnosed with Juvenile Fibromyalgia in Adolescence

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2427-2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natoshia Raishevich Cunningham ◽  
Susan T. Tran ◽  
Anne M. Lynch-Jordan ◽  
Tracy V. Ting ◽  
Soumitri Sil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Physical Impairment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
A Current

Objective.Adolescents with juvenile-onset fibromyalgia (JFM) have increased rates of psychiatric disorders, but to our knowledge no studies have examined psychiatric disorders in adolescents with JFM when they enter young adulthood. This study examined the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in young adults diagnosed with JFM during adolescence and the relationship between mental health diagnoses and physical functioning.Methods.Ninety-one young adults (mean age 21.60, SD 1.96) with a history of JFM being followed as part of a prospective longitudinal study and 30 matched healthy controls (mean age 21.57, SD 1.55) completed a structured interview of psychiatric diagnoses and a self-report measure of physical impairment.Results.Young adults with a history of JFM were more likely to have current and lifetime histories of anxiety disorders (70.3% and 76.9%, respectively) compared with controls (33.3% for both, both p < 0.001). Individuals with JFM were also more likely to have current and lifetime histories of major mood disorders (29.7% and 76.9%, respectively) compared with controls (10% and 40%, p < 0.05). The presence of a current major mood disorder was significantly related to impairment in physical functioning [F (1, 89) = 8.30, p < 0.01] and role limitations attributable to a physical condition [F (1, 89) = 7.09, p < 0.01].Conclusion.Psychiatric disorders are prevalent in young adulthood for individuals with a history of JFM, and a current major mood disorder is associated with greater physical impairment. Greater attention to early identification and treatment of mood disorders in patients with JFM is warranted.

scholarly journals A 20-year multi-follow-up of hallucinations in schizophrenia, other psychotic, and mood disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Goghari ◽  
M. Harrow ◽  
L. S. Grossman ◽  
C. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Longitudinal Course ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

BackgroundHallucinations are a major aspect of psychosis and a diagnostic feature of both psychotic and mood disorders. However, the field lacks information regarding the long-term course of hallucinations in these disorders. Our goals were to determine the percentage of patients with hallucinations and the relationship between hallucinations and recovery, and work attainment.MethodThe present study was a prospective evaluation of the 20-year trajectory of hallucinations in 150 young patients: 51 schizophrenia, 25 schizoaffective, 25 bipolar with psychosis, and 49 unipolar depression. The patients were studied at an index phase of hospitalization for hallucinations, and then reassessed longitudinally at six subsequent follow-ups over 20 years.ResultsThe longitudinal course of hallucinations clearly differentiated between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis, and suggested some diagnostic similarities between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, and between bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder and depression. Frequent or persistent hallucinatory activity over the 20-year period was a feature of 40–45% of schizophrenia patients. The early presence of hallucinations predicted the lack of future periods of recovery in all patients. Increased hallucinatory activity was associated with reduced work attainment in all patients.ConclusionsThis study provides data on the prospective longitudinal course of hallucinations, which were previously unavailable to the field, and are one of the key features of psychosis in major psychiatric disorders. This information on the clinical course of major psychiatric disorders can inform accurate classification and diagnosis.

scholarly journals Seasonal Allergies and Psychiatric Disorders in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Oh ◽  
Ai Koyanagi ◽  
Jordan DeVylder ◽  
Andrew Stickley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Seasonal Allergies

Seasonal allergies have been associated with mental health problems, though the evidence is still emergent, particularly in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication and the National Latino and Asian American Survey (years 2001–2003). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the relations between lifetime allergies and lifetime psychiatric disorders (each disorder in a separate model), adjusting for socio-demographic variables (including region of residence) and tobacco use. Analyses were also stratified to test for effect modification by race and sex. A history of seasonal allergies was associated with greater odds of mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders, but not alcohol or substance use disorders, after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and tobacco use. The associations between seasonal allergies and mood disorders, substance use disorders, and alcohol use disorders were particularly strong for Latino Americans. The association between seasonal allergies and eating disorders was stronger for men than women. Seasonal allergies are a risk factor for psychiatric disorders. Individuals complaining of seasonal allergies should be screened for early signs of mental health problems and referred to specialized services accordingly.

Psycho-Oncology in Portugal: It is Different from the Rest of the World?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S497-S497
Author(s):  
G. Da Ponte ◽  
M. Lobo ◽  
T. Neves ◽  
A. Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
One Year ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

IntroductionPsycho-Oncology (PO) is a specific psychiatric approach to cancer patients. The main psychiatric disorders observed are delirium and adjustment disorders (AD) and the most frequent treatments used are pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic.With regard to the type of cancer, the most frequent in Portugal are breast, digestive and prostate.ObjectiveAnalyze the activity of PO in a district general hospital in Portugal.AimsDemonstrate that the main core in PO is similar in the world.MethodsProspective longitudinal study, during one year.ResultsThe sample had 130 patients (369 evaluations), mainly male, with the mean age of 64.22 years. The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were delirium (56 cases; 43%) and AD (44; 34%) and the main interventions used were pharmacologic and psycho-education. The most common frequent cancers were digestive (54; 42%), urologic (16; 12%) and breast (15; 11%). This high frequency of urologic cancer was interpreted as a consequence of the sample and its geographic location, but it was also a reflection of the large number of requests made by this specialty. The majority of cancers had an advanced stage (84% vs 16%) that can be explained by the sample but also by health culture in Portugal, which is reflected in the inpatient services: Oncology (51; 39%) and Palliative Care (25; 19%).ConclusionsThe type of psychiatric disorders and treatments offered in PO is preserved around the world. The authors propose to do more studies, namely if the relation with others specialties affects psychiatric treatment of the patient.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A Randomized Trial of 12-Week Interventions for the Treatment of Developmental Phonological Disorder in Francophone Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rvachew ◽  
Françoise Brosseau-Lapré
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Dialogic Reading ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Home Program ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Production Accuracy

Purpose This study was designed to test the relative efficacy of different combinations of intervention approaches when targeting speech production accuracy and phonological awareness skills. All children received individual speech therapy, a home program, and a small-group phonological awareness intervention. Method Sixty-five 4-year-olds with a developmental phonological disorder received these intervention components in different combinations over 12 weeks, resulting in 4 groups: output-oriented individual intervention and articulation practice home program, output-oriented individual intervention and dialogic reading home program, input-oriented individual intervention and articulation practice home program, and input-oriented individual intervention and dialogic reading home program. Results A significant interaction of the individual treatment condition and the home program condition was observed for 2 outcome measures: targeted feature match (which reflected changes in speech production accuracy for features and word shape structures that were targeted in therapy) and explicit phonological awareness skills. Conclusion In this context, in which the children received a brief period of direct therapy and a home program component provided sequentially, the most effective strategy was to teach the parents to use treatment procedures at home that were congruent with the direct therapy component.

The Relationship of Menstrually Related Mood Disorders to Psychiatric Disorders

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Roy-Byrne ◽  
M Christine Hoban ◽  
David R. Rubinow
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals International Expert Opinions and Recommendations on the Use of Melatonin in the Treatment of Insomnia and Circadian Sleep Disturbances in Adult Neuropsychiatric Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Palagini ◽  
Raffaele Manni ◽  
Eugenio Aguglia ◽  
Mario Amore ◽  
Roberto Brugnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Introduction: Insomnia and circadian rhythm disorders, such as the delayed sleep phase syndrome, are frequent in psychiatric disorders and their evaluation and management in early stages should be a priority. The aim of this paper was to express recommendations on the use of exogenous melatonin, which exhibits both chronobiotic and sleep-promoting actions, for the treatment of these sleep disturbances in psychiatric disorders.Methods: To this aim, we conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA on the use of melatonin for the treatment of insomnia and circadian sleep disorders in neuropsychiatry. We expressed recommendations for the use of melatonin in psychiatric clinical practice for each disorder using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method.Results: We selected 41 studies, which included mood disorders, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, autism spectrum disorders, neurocognitive disorders, and delirium; no studies were found for both anxiety and eating disorders.Conclusion: The administration of prolonged release melatonin at 2–10 mg, 1–2 h before bedtime, might be used in the treatment of insomnia symptoms or comorbid insomnia in mood disorders, schizophrenia, in adults with autism spectrum disorders, neurocognitive disorders and during sedative-hypnotics discontinuation. Immediate release melatonin at &lt;1 mg might be useful in the treatment of circadian sleep disturbances of neuropsychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients Referring to a Psychiatric Clinic in Lorestan Province, West of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedayat Nazari ◽  
Mandana Saki ◽  
Sajad Yarahmadi ◽  
Zoherh Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Psychiatric disorders are common and impose a huge burden globally. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients referring to a psychiatric clinic in Lorestan. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients referring to a psychiatric clinic in Lorestan province Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with all people aged 18 years or older. Participants were selected by a convenience sampling method. Diagnostic interviews based on DSM-5 were held for 750 patients who were administered between January and June 2018. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using absolute frequency, relative frequency, mean, and chi-square test. Results: Women included 53% of the study sample. The most prevalent psychiatric disorders were anxiety (35.3%) and mood disorders (31.5%). Depression was the most prevalent mood disorder (63.6%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (60%). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was higher in people aged 21-30 (28.5%), the illiterate or primary education group (52.4%), housekeepers (29.5%), and married ones (51.8%). Conclusions: The majority of the patients referring to the psychiatric clinic suffered from mood and anxiety disorders. Therefore, public health authorities of the province need to take steps to warrant necessary measures, including mental health promotion policies, to improve the mental health status and prevent anxiety and mood disorders.

scholarly journals Chronobiology Revisited in Psychiatric Disorders: From a Translational Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 725-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simge Seren Kirlioglu ◽  
Yasin Hasan Balcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
Circadian Physiology ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Objective Several lines of evidence support a relationship between circadian rhythms disruption in the onset, course, and maintenance of mental disorders. Despite the study of circadian phenotypes promising a decent understanding of the pathophysiologic or etiologic mechanisms of psychiatric entities, several questions still need to be addressed. In this review, we aimed to synthesize the literature investigating chronobiologic theories and their associations with psychiatric entities.Methods The Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, and Scopus databases were comprehensively and systematically searched and articles published between January 1990 and October 2019 were reviewed. Different combinations of the relevant keywords were polled. We first introduced molecular elements and mechanisms of the circadian system to promote a better understanding of the chronobiologic implications of mental disorders. Then, we comprehensively and systematically reviewed circadian system studies in mood disorders, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders.Results Although subject characteristics and study designs vary across studies, current research has demonstrated that circadian pathologies, including genetic and neurohumoral alterations, represent the neural substrates of the pathophysiology of many psychiatric disorders. Impaired HPA-axis function-related glucocorticoid rhythm and disrupted melatonin homeostasis have been prominently demonstrated in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, while alterations of molecular expressions of circadian rhythm genes including <i>CLOCK, PER</i>, and <i>CRY</i> have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders.Conclusion Further translational work is needed to identify the causal relationship between circadian physiology abnormalities and mental disorders and related psychopathology, and to develop sound pharmacologic interventions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document