scholarly journals The prevalence of sexual compulsivity and its correlates among adults living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral therapy clinic in Gambella town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seid Shumye ◽  
Chalachew Kassaw ◽  
Getnet Melaku
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Sexual Compulsivity ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Introduction Sexual compulsivity is a concealed psychiatric disease marked by intrusive thoughts followed by ritualized sexual acts. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS has recently increased. Furthermore, sexual compulsivity among adults living with HIV/AIDS receives less attention, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of sexual compulsivity and its correlates among adults living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinic in Gambella town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. Method A hospital-based study employing cross-sectional design and simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by using interview technique. A 10 item Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS) questionnaire was used to assess sexual compulsivity. The translated version of the questionnaire was used for data collection. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine factors associated with the outcome variable at p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Result Out of 300 respondents, 27% (24.3, 29.2) of them were scored above the mean score of the Sexual Compulsivity Scale. Age less than 31 years old, widowed, involving in risky sexual behaviors, current substance use, not received any skill training about safer sex behaviors, and not attending support group discussion on HIV prevention were significantly associated with sexual compulsivity. Conclusion Almost one fourth of the respondents have high score for Sexual Compulsivity Scale score. Therefore, there is a need of routine sexual behavior screening program and collaboration with mental health workers for addressing the problem. Furthermore, the emphasis should be given on the identified high-risk categories.

Healthcare Utilization, Unmet Service Needs, and Medication Adherence Among People Living with HIV/AIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-442
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Zhang ◽  
Roy F. Oman ◽  
Trudy A. Larson ◽  
Elizabeth J. Christiansen ◽  
Michelle L. Granner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Adherence Group ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Comorbidity rates and service needs are high among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The effects of service utilization and unmet service needs on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations among PLWHA’s service utilization, unmet service needs, and ART adherence. Methods: PLWHA (N=162) 18 years or older were recruited from a Nevada statewide needs assessment project in 2016. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on paper or online. The independent variables were service utilization and unmet service needs. The outcome variable was ART adherence. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between the amount of utilized services and unmet service needs with ART adherence. Results: Only 12 (7.5%) participants reported they received all needed services. The ART non-adherence group showed significantly higher unmet medical service needs compared to the ART adherence group (p=0.007). Unmet medical service needs (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 0.69, CI 0.53-0.90) and unmet support service needs (AOR 0.68, CI 0.48-0.97) were negatively associated with ART adherence. However, utilizing medical services (AOR 1.06, CI 0.87-1.30) and support services (AOR 0.88, CI 0.74-1.04) in the current year were not significantly associated with ART adherence. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that health promotion programming should focus not only on introducing new services at the community level, but also work to optimize the availability and awareness of current services. Furthermore, health promotion programs should focus on filling service coverage gaps and improving the facilitation of services.

scholarly journals LOWER PERCEIVED-STIGMATIZATION BY HEALTH WORKERS AMONG HIV-AIDS PATIENTS OF KEY POPULATION BACKGROUNDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Jihan Qonitatillah ◽  
Samsriyaningsih Handayani ◽  
Ernawati Ernawati ◽  
Musofa Rusli
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Key Population ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The stigma of people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA) by health workers may have a broad impact, so it is necessary to identify the factors that influence the occurrence of stigma. Identification of factors that cause a decrease in stigmatization by health workers will have an impact on improving the quality of life of people with HIV, increasing compliance with medication, and ultimately reducing the incidence of HIV infection itself. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to PLWHA’s perception of stigma among health workers in the community health center.  This research applied a cross-sectional design using interviews. Ninety-four patients from the Infectious Disease Intermediate Care of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, a tertiary level hospital, were interviewed. The stigma perception was assessed using a questionnaire modified from the Standardized Brief Questionnaire by Health Policy Project with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.786. The data were simultaneously analyzed with binary multiple regressions on IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 for Windows software. There were 30 out of 94 patients with key population backgrounds, and most population was injecting drug users (IDUs) and female sex workers (FSWs). PLWHA perceived most stigmatized community health workers when they drew blood, provided care, and considered they were involved in irresponsible behavior. There were relationships between age(p=0.008), marital status(p=0.013), and the history of key population (p=0.006)to people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA)’s perception of stigma among health workers in East Java community health center. Future research on factors influencing HIV-related stigma is needed to improve patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Treatment Adherence and Associated Factors Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Exposed Children in Public Hospitals in Ilubabor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-198
Author(s):  
Dessalegn Nigatu ◽  
Negalign Getahun Dinegde ◽  
Endalew Gemechu Sendo
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction: Africa is the most affected region by HIV/AIDS in the world with about 26 million people living with HIV, of whom 2.3 million are children under the age of 15 years in 2015. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related estimates and projections for Ethiopia in 2017 revealed that 57,132 under 15 years children were living with HIV with about 1,276 children newly infected. Therefore, this study assessed cotrimoxazole prophylaxis treatment adherence and associated factors among HIV exposed children in public hospitals in Ilubabor zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: The study design was a facility based, both a retrospective and descriptive study that involves a review of the records of children from PMTCT register books over the past 2 years, and the interview of health care workers and parents/guardian of all children at the follow up clinic. The study included a random sample of children born from HIV infected mothers and enrolled in the PMTCT follow up clinic. The total sample size was 293 and 99 for children (parents/guardian interviewed) and health workers, respectively, and the children’s antiretroviral therapy (ART) registration books in each health facility were reviewed. The collected data was entered into the Epi-data software version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 20 for further statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: Among the total participants, a considerable number (83.3%) of them did not confirm their HIV status, and the majority (88.8%) of participants indicated that they had indeed suffered from one or more opportunistic infections. The common obstacles encountered in accessing care at the health facility were: lack of drugs (33.8%), long procedures in getting drugs (31.4%), unfriendly hospital staff (26.3%), and long distance to the health facility (8.5%). The study showed a significant association between compliance to cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and unfriendly health worker (OR=0.14, CI=0.03-0.78), follow-up (OR= 0.22, CI = 0.06-0.87) and the long procedure of getting drugs (OR= 0.08, CI= 0.01-0.45). Conclusion: The study revealed that a remarkable number of the participants were found to adhered to cotrimoxazole prophylactic treatment. Unfriendly health workers, follow-up and the long procedure of getting drugs were significantly and independently associated with compliance to cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Towards an AIDS free generation: Is stigma still an issue in Zambia? Results from a legal environment assessment of the HIV/AIDS/TB program of the Churches Health Association of Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Biemba ◽  
Dhally M. Menda ◽  
Yoram Siame ◽  
Karen Sichali Sichinga ◽  
William Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
Environment Assessment ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Health Association ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

This paper reports on HIV related stigma based on results from an HIV legal environment assessment (LEA) within the Churches Health Association of Zambia HIV/AIDS program. We conducted 9 Focus Group Discussions and 20 Key Informant Interviews with key HIV/AIDS stakeholders that included representatives from network of Zambian people living with HIV. We administered a Survey Questionnaire to 337 people living with HIV (PLHIV) and 233 health workers. Quantitative data were analyzed using SAS v9.4; qualitative data was analyzed using QRS NVIVO version 11.0 Pro. Internalized stigma ranged between 20.8% and 31.8% of PLHIV; more among females than males. About one third (31%, n=104)) of the 337 participants reported that they were aware of being gossiped once, a few times, or often; more among females than males. 62.3%, 63.1%, and 55.1% of the 233 health workers said it was somewhat true or certainly true that in their catchment areas, PLHIV struggle to have an HIV test because of stigma, were hesitant to start ART due to stigma; told them that they had challenges taking their ARVs because of stigma respectively.

scholarly journals Malnutrition as predictor of survival from anti-retroviral treatment among children living with HIV/AIDS in Southwest Ethiopia: survival analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdu Oumer ◽  
Mina Edo Kubsa ◽  
Berhanu Abebaw Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Approximately 70% of HIV positive people live in Africa where food insecurity and under nutrition are endemic. However the impact of malnutrition on treatment outcome is not clear. This study assessed the effect of under nutrition on Anti-Retroviral Therapy treatment outcome among pediatric age group living with HIV/AIDS in Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia. Method A retrospective cohort study was conducted on records of 242 pediatric children in Guraghe zone Public Hospitals. Also median, mean, standard deviation and interquartile range were calculated. Life table, hazard function and survival function were plotted. Log rank test with 95% confidence interval of mean survival time was done. The nutritional status data were managed via WHO Anthros plus and BMI for age Z score was calculated. To assess effects of nutritional status on mortality, both Bivariate and multivariate cox proportional hazard regression was conducted with crude (CHR) and adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) (95% confidence interval and p value). P value of less than 0.05 was used as cut off point to declare statistical significance. Results A total of 243 records of pediatric ART records with mean age of 11.6 (± 3.8 years) were reviewed. About 178 (73.3%) have got therapeutic feeding on the course of ART treatment. Whereas significant number of children, 163 (67.1%) reported to had eating problems. A total of 13 (5.3%) children were dead with incidence density of 11.2 deaths per 1000 person years. There is significantly higher survival time among well nourished (11.1 years with 95% CI: 10.8 to 11.4) as compared to underweight children (9.76 with 95% CI: 9.19 to 10.32 years). Underweight children had almost three fold increase incidence of death (AHR = 3.01; 95% CI: 0.80–11.4). Similarly children with anemia had higher incidence of death than children without anemia (AHR = 1.55; 95% CI: 0.49–4.84). Conclusions Low nutritional status at the start of ART evidenced by underweight and anemia were found to be predictors of survival among HIV positive children. There should be improved, sustained and focused nutritional screening, care and treatment for children on ART follow up.

scholarly journals Psikoedukasi “Bidan Cerdas” untuk Menurunkan Stigma terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Adhesatya Ningsih Moodoeto ◽  
Esti Hayu Purnamaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Hiv Aids

Lack of knowledge about HIV /AIDS makes people including health workers stigmatize people living with HIV (PLWHA). It has a negative impact on PLWHA because of the constraints of quality of service, lowering of health, reluctance of VCT, and non-compliance of ARVs. The aim of this research to reduce the stigma of midwives against PLWHA through psychoeducation program of "Bidan Cerdas". Subject of this research is midwife. This research uses the experiment design of Non Random Untreated Kontrol Group Design with Dependent Pretest and Posttest Samples. Stigma to PLWHA measurement uses stigma scale developed by Genberg, et., al (2009). The research hypothesis was tested with Mixed Design ANOVA. The results of the analysis in the experimental group showed p<0.05 in Pre Test to Post Test, and p<0.05 on Post Test data to Follow Up. It concluded that psychoeducation program of "Bidan Cerdas" can reduce stigma against PLWHA.

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