scholarly journals Workers’ physical activity data contribute to estimating maximal oxygen consumption: a questionnaire study to concurrently assess workers’ sedentary behavior and cardiorespiratory fitness

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Matsuo ◽  
Rina So ◽  
Masaya Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

Abstract Background Sedentary behavior (SB) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are important issues in occupational health. Developing a questionnaire to concurrently assess workers’ SB and CRF could fundamentally improve epidemiological research. The Worker’s Living Activity-time Questionnaire (WLAQ) was developed previously to assess workers’ sitting time. WLAQ can be modified to evaluate workers’ CRF if additional physical activity (PA) data such as PA frequency, duration, and intensity are collected. Methods A total of 198 working adults (93 women and 105 men; age, 30–60 years) completed anthropometric measurements, a treadmill exercise test for measuring maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and modified WLAQ (m-WLAQ, which included questions about PA data additional to the original questions). Multiple regression analyses were performed to develop prediction equations for VO2max. The generated models were cross-validated using the predicted residual error sum of squares method. Among the participants, the data of 97 participants who completed m-WLAQ twice after a 1-week interval were used to calculate intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the test–retest reliability analyses. Results Age (r = − 0.29), sex (r = 0.48), body mass index (BMI, r = − 0.20), total sitting time (r = − 0.15), and PA score (total points for PA data, r = 0.47) were significantly correlated with VO2max. The models that included age, sex, and BMI accounted for 43% of the variance in measured VO2max [standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 5.04 ml·kg− 1·min− 1]. These percentages increased to 59% when the PA score was included in the models (SEE = 4.29 ml·kg− 1·min− 1). Cross-validation analyses demonstrated good stability of the VO2max prediction models, while systematic underestimation and overestimation of VO2max were observed in individuals with high and low fitness, respectively. The ICC of the PA score was 0.87 (0.82–0.91), indicating excellent reliability. Conclusions The PA score obtained using m-WLAQ, rather than sitting time, correlated well with measured VO2max. The equation model that included the PA score as well as age, sex, and BMI had a favorable validity for estimating VO2max. Thus, m-WLAQ can be a useful questionnaire to concurrently assess workers’ SB and CRF, which makes it a reasonable resource for future epidemiological surveys on occupational health.

scholarly journals Do moderate- to vigorous-intensity accelerometer count thresholds correspond to relative moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Raiber ◽  
Rebecca A.G. Christensen ◽  
Arshdeep K. Randhawa ◽  
Veronica K. Jamnik ◽  
Jennifer L. Kuk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

We aimed to predict % maximal oxygen consumption at absolute accelerometer thresholds and to estimate and compare durations of objective physical activity (PA) among body mass index (BMI) categories using thresholds that account for cardiorespiratory fitness. Eight hundred twenty-eight adults (53.5% male; age, 33.9 ± 0.3 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004 were analyzed. Metabolic equivalent values at absolute thresholds were converted to percentage of maximal oxygen consumption, and accelerometer counts corresponding to 40% or 60% maximal oxygen consumption were determined using 4 energy expenditure prediction equations. Absolute thresholds underestimated PA intensity for all adults; however, because of lower fitness, individuals with overweight and obesity work at significantly higher percentage of maximal oxygen consumption at the absolute thresholds and require significantly lower accelerometer counts to reach relative moderate and vigorous PA intensities compared with those with normal weight (P < 0.05). However, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) durations were shorter when using relative thresholds compared with absolute thresholds (in all BMI groups, P < 0.05), and they were shorter among individuals with obesity compared with those with normal weight when using relative thresholds (P < 0.05). Regardless of the thresholds used, a greater proportion of individuals with normal weight met the PA guideline of 150 min·week–1 of MVPA compared with individuals with obesity (absolute: 21.3% vs 6.7%; Yngve: 4.0% vs 0.2%; Swartz: 10.7% vs 3.9%; Hendelman: 4.7% vs 0.2%; Freedson: 6.4% vs 0.5%; P < 0.05). Current absolute thresholds of accelerometry-derived PA may overestimate MVPA for all BMI categories when compared with relative thresholds that account for cardiorespiratory fitness. Given the large variability in our results, more work is needed to better understand how to use accelerometers for evaluating PA at the population level.

Agreement Between Different Days of activPAL and Actigraph GT3X Measurement of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity During the School Hours in Elementary Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Luciana L.S. Barboza ◽  
Larissa Gandarela ◽  
Josefa Graziele S. Santana ◽  
Ellen Caroline M. Silva ◽  
Elondark S. Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Walking Time ◽  
Stationary Behavior ◽  
Good Agreement

Introduction: The authors’ objective was to identify the minimum number of days required to measure sedentary behavior and physical activity in children during school hours. Methods: Fifty-three children from four classes of the second year of elementary school in a public school in Brazil were selected. Sedentary behavior and physical activity were evaluated using activPAL in the thigh and ActiGraph GT3X on the hip. The devices were used for 4 days during the 4 hr of school. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots were used for statistical analysis (p < .05). Results: For sedentary/stationary behavior indicators, 1 day showed good agreement with 4 days (sitting time, ICC = .89; bias [limits of agreement 95%, LA95%] = 1.6 [45.1 to −41.9], standing time, ICC = .93; bias [LA95%] 1.1 [30.2 to −28.0], and stationary behavior, ICC = .56; bias [LA95%] = 0.2 [37.2 to −36.7]). However, 2 days were necessary for good agreement, with 4 days for physical activity indicators (walking time, ICC = .91; bias [LA95%] = 1.1 [12.0 to −9.7], light physical activity, ICC = .97; bias [LA95%] = 0.3 [7.6 to −7.0], moderate physical activity, ICC = .93; bias [LA95%] = 0.3 [2.3 to −1.6], and vigorous physical activity, ICC = .93; bias [LA95%] = 0.3 [3.1 to −2.5]). Conclusion: Therefore, 1 evaluation day seems enough to obtain representative data of school sedentary/stationary behavior, while 2 days are necessary for the evaluation of physical activity indicators during school hours.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Alcohol Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712098583
Author(s):  
Mats Hallgren ◽  
Davy Vancampfort ◽  
Thi-Thuy-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
Peter Wallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Alcohol Abstainers

Purpose: To describe physical activity habits, sedentary behavior, and cardiorespiratory fitness levels among alcohol abstainers, hazardous and non-hazardous drinkers. Design: Cross-sectional study with data collected between 2017-19. Setting: Sweden. Subjects: Adults aged 18-65 years (n = 47,559; 59.4% male). Measures: During a routine health assessment, participants answered validated single-item questions regarding: habitual physical activity, structured exercise, and the percentage of time spent sedentary during leisure-time (past 30 days), and completed a 6-minute cycle ergometer test (V02max) to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Participants were categorized as alcohol abstainers, non-hazardous drinkers or hazardous drinkers (low/high) based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) cut-points for men and women. Analysis: Logistic regression models stratified by sex and age. Results: Compared to non-hazardous drinkers, the heaviest drinkers were less physically active (males: OR = 1.38, CI = 1.13-1.67, p = .001; females: OR = 1.41, CI = 1.01-1.97, p = .040) and more sedentary during leisure time (males: OR = 1.94, CI = 1.62-2.32, p = .000; females: OR = 1.62, CI = 1.21-2.16, p = .001). Apart from young females, the heaviest drinkers also did less structured exercise than non-hazardous drinkers (males: OR = 1.22, CI = 1.15-1.51, p = .000; females: OR = 1.43, CI = 1.15-1.78, p = .001). The strongest associations were seen among adults aged 40-65 years (shown here). High-hazardous drinking was associated with low CRF among older males only (OR = 1.19, CI = 1.00-1.41). Conclusion: Middle-aged adults with AUDIT-C scores of ≥6 (women) and ≥7 (men) were less physically active and more sedentary during leisure time and may be appropriate targets for physical activity interventions.

scholarly journals Trends in Self-Reported Sitting Time by Physical Activity Levels Among US Adults, NHANES 2007/2008–2017/2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S74-S83
Author(s):  
Emily N. Ussery ◽  
Geoffrey P. Whitfield ◽  
Janet E. Fulton ◽  
Deborah A. Galuska ◽  
Charles E. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Active Adults

Background: High levels of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity increase the risk of premature mortality and several chronic diseases. Monitoring national trends and correlates of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity can help identify patterns of risk in the population over time. Methods: The authors used self-reported data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2007/2008–2017/2018) to estimate trends in US adults’ mean daily sitting time, overall, and stratified by levels of leisure-time and multidomain physical activity, and in the joint prevalence of high sitting time (>8 h/d) and physical inactivity. Trends were tested using orthogonal polynomial contrasts. Results: Overall, mean daily sitting time increased by 19 minutes from 2007/2008 (332 min/d) to 2017/2018 (351 min/d) (Plinear < .05; Pquadratic < .05). The highest point estimate occurred in 2013/2014 (426 min/d), with a decreasing trend observed after this point (Plinear < .05). Similar trends were observed across physical activity levels and domains, with one exception: an overall linear increase was not observed among sufficiently active adults. The mean daily sitting time was lowest among highly active adults compared with less active adults when using the multidomain physical activity measure. Conclusions: Sitting time among adults increased over the study period but decreased in recent years.

Abstract MP92: Sedentary Behavior: Do Television-viewing and Total Time Sitting Measure the Same Component?

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A McGrane Minton ◽  
Kelly Thevenet-Morrison ◽  
I. Diana Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing

Background: Sedentary behaviors (SB) are activities associated with prolonged time periods of sitting, reclining, or laying down during waking hours. While the relation between SB and physical activity is complex, the common consensus is that SB is not the absence of physical activity and consists of its own determinants posing distinct health outcomes. These behaviors are of significant public health importance as the majority of Americans spend much of their days in SB and due to the increased risks of morbidity and mortality associated with SB. Adverse health outcomes associated with SB include cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and mortality. Television-viewing time and total sitting time have both been used widely to assess time spent in SB and therefore we hypothesize that TV-viewing time and total hours sitting will have high concordance and can be used interchangeably to represent sedentary behaviors. Methods: Using a sample (n = 2858) from the Images of a Healthy Worksite study, a group-randomized control trial involving nutrition and physical activity, the current study assessed how two different tools measured time spent in SB. Tertiles were created based upon the distribution of hours sitting and hours spent TV-vewing. Weighted Kappa statistics were used to measure concordance between hours of TV-viewing and total hours of time spent sitting for the entire sample and for subgroup analyses. Results: Weighted Kappa statistics for tertiles of hours sitting and tv hours were 0.0046, indicating little agreement on the television and the sitting items. Kappa w statistics for BMI categories also showed poor agreement (obese Kappa w = 0.02, overweight Kappa w = 0.002, and healthy subjects Kappa w = 0.006. The Kappa w statistics for males and females were -0.006 and 0.02, respectively. Kappa w statistics for the intervention group (Kappa w = 0.007) and for the control group (Kappa w = 0.0005) also showed little agreement. Conclusions: These results suggest that although commonly used, using television viewing time and total time spent sitting as interchangeable markers of SB, is not a valid assumption. We propose that total time spent sitting and hours spent television-viewing represent different domains within the construct of sedentary behavior. It is important for future researchers to use measures of sedentary behavior that capture the numerous domains involved in measuring SB to allow for the most sensitive measurement of this high-risk behavior.

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and incidence of obstructive sleep apnea in three prospective US cohorts

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100606
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Meir J. Stampfer ◽  
Susan Redline ◽  
Shelley S. Tworoger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Watching Tv

Reduced physical activity and increased sedentary behavior may independently contribute to development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through increased adiposity, inflammation, insulin resistance and body fluid retention. However, epidemiologic evidence remains sparse, and is primarily limited to cross-sectional studies.We prospectively followed 50 332 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (2002–2012), 68 265 women from the Nurses’ Health Study II (1995–2013), and 19 320 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1996–2012). Recreational physical activity (quantified by metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-hours/week) and sitting time spent watching TV and at work/away from home were assessed by questionnaires every 2–4 years. Physician-diagnosed OSA was identified by validated self-report. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for OSA incidence associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior.During 2 004 663 person-years of follow-up, we documented 8733 incident OSA cases. After adjusting for potential confounders, the pooled HR for OSA comparing participants with ≥36.0 versus <6.0 MET-hours/week of physical activity was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.43, 0.50; ptrend<0.001). Compared with participants spending <4.0 h/week sitting watching TV, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 1.78 (1.60, 1.98) for participants spending ≥28.0 h/week (ptrend<0.001). The comparable HR (95% CI) was 1.49 (1.38, 1.62) for sitting hours at work/away from home (ptrend<0.001). With additional adjustment for several metabolic factors including BMI and waist circumference, the associations with physical activity and sitting hours at work/away from home were attenuated but remained significant (ptrend<0.001), whereas the association with sitting hours watching TV was no longer statistically significant (ptrend=0.18).Higher levels of physical activity and fewer sedentary hours were associated with lower OSA incidence. The potential mediating role of metabolic factors in the association between sedentary behavior and OSA incidence may depend on type of sedentary behavior. Our results suggest that promoting an active lifestyle may reduce OSA incidence.

scholarly journals Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among adults in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Zeiher ◽  
M Duch ◽  
L E Kroll ◽  
G B M Mensink ◽  
J D Finger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Physical Measurements

Abstract Background Studies show that occupational physical activity (OPA) has less health-enhancing effects than leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). The spare data available suggests that OPA rarely includes aerobic PAs with little or no enhancing effects on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a possible explanation. This study aims to investigate the associations between patterns of OPA and LTPA and CRF among adults in Germany. Methods 1,204 men and 1,303 women (18-64 years), who participated in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey 2008-2011, completed a standardized sub-maximal cycle ergometer test to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Job positions were coded according to the level of physical effort to construct an occupational PA index and categorized as low vs. high OPA. LTPA was assessed via questionnaires and dichotomized in no vs. any LTPA participation. A combined LTPA/OPA variable was used (high OPA/ LTPA, low OPA/LTPA, high OPA/no LTPA, low OPA/no LTPA). Information on potential confounders was obtained via questionnaires (e.g., smoking and education) or physical measurements (e.g., waist circumference). Multi-variable logistic regression was used to analyze associations between OPA/LTPA patterns and VO2max. Results Preliminary analyses showed that less-active men were more likely to have a low VO2max with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.80 for low OPA/LTPA, 1.84 for high OPA/no LTPA and 3.46 for low OPA/no LTPA compared to high OPA/LTPA. The corresponding ORs for women were 1.11 for low OPA/LTPA, 3.99 for high OPA/no LTPA and 2.44 for low OPA/no LTPA, indicating the highest likelihood of low fitness for women working in physically demanding jobs and not engaging in LTPA. Conclusions Findings confirm a strong association between LTPA and CRF and suggest an interaction between OPA and LTPA patterns on CRF within the workforce in Germany. Women without LTPA are at high risk of having a low CRF, especially if they work in physically demanding jobs. Key messages Women not practicing leisure-time physical activity are at risk of having a low cardiorespiratory fitness, especially if they work in physically demanding jobs. Different impact of domains of physical activity should be considered when planning interventions to enhance fitness among the adult population.

scholarly journals Association between leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior with cardiometabolic health in the ELSA-Brasil participants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211982708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Gondim Pitanga ◽  
Sheila Maria Alvim Matos ◽  
Maria da Conceição C. Almeida ◽  
Ana Luísa Patrão ◽  
Maria del Carmen Bisi Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Levels

Objectives: To assess associations, both individually and in combination, between leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior, and cardiometabolic health. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 13,931 civil servants participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Leisure-time physical activity was analyzed using the leisure-time domain of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire, while questions related to cumulative sitting time and leisure-based screen time on a weekday and on one day on the weekend were used to establish sedentary behavior. Data analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Following adjustment for confounding variables, high levels of leisure-time physical activity and low levels of sedentary behavior were both associated with favorable cardiometabolic health markers in both genders. When these two factors were analyzed in conjunction, taking the combination of low levels of leisure-time physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior as the reference, the inverse associations with cardiometabolic variables became even more significant. Conclusion: High levels of leisure-time physical activity and low levels of sedentary behavior were both inversely associated with the cardiometabolic variables analyzed; however, the two variables when evaluated in conjunction appear to produce more consistent associations, particularly when sedentary behavior is evaluated according to leisure-based screen time.

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