Exploring the concept inability to work fulltime in the context of work disability assessments: a qualitative study

Abstract Background In many countries inability to work fulltime is recognized as an important concept in work disability assessments. However, consensus is lacking regarding the concept and how it should be assessed. This study seeks to conceptualize and operationalize the concept of inability to work fulltime, and includes perspectives of both patients and physicians. Research questions involve identifying: 1. key elements, 2. measurable indicators, and 3. valid methods for assessing indicators of inability to work fulltime. Methods We used a qualitative study with a thematic content analysis design to conceptualize inability to work fulltime, based on nineteen semi-structured interviews conducted among insurance and occupational health physicians, and representatives of patient organizations. Results Inability to work fulltime is conceptualized as a complex concept which is strongly individually determined and variable due to time and underlying disease. Key dimensions of inability to work fulltime included besides the disease itself, also personal factors like psychological and lifestyle factors, as well as environmental factors related to the work situation and social context. Fatigue, cognitive impairments, and restrictions in functioning in- and outside work were reported as important measurable indicators. A combined use of self-assessment, assessment interviews, and testing, and assessment in the actual (work) setting was identified for assessing these indicators. Conclusion Taking into account the complex and variable nature of inability to work fulltime, we found it advisable to use multiple methods and multiple time points for the assessment. Results of this study provide starting points for further research on the operationalization of inability to work fulltime in a work disability context.

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Experts' views on the implementation of the prenatal screening decision aid in Iran: A qualitative study

Nursing Practice Today ◽

10.18502/npt.v9i1.7333 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Razieh Zahedi ◽

Leila Nemati-Anaraki ◽

Shahram Sedghi ◽

Mamak Shariat

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Decision Aid ◽

Prenatal Screening ◽

Decision Aids ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Patient Decision Aids ◽

Patient Decision

Background & Aim: Patient decision aids are detailed and personalized health education materials that assist patients in decision making. According to expert viewpoints, this study aimed to determine important factors in implementing the prenatal screening decision aid in Iran. Methods & Materials: In this qualitative study, 24 experts, including seven obstetricians, four information scientists, five managers or policymakers, and eight midwives, were selected using purposive and snowball sampling approaches. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data between January 2020 and June 2020 in Tehran, Iran. A prenatal screening decision aid was presented to the participants, and we asked them to raise their concerns and thoughts regarding the factors influencing the implementation of patient decision aids. We used MAXQDA 10 and applied conventional content analysis for data analysis. Results: Two organizational and personal factors themes were identified to implement Iran's prenatal screening decision aids. Conclusion: We identified the viewpoints of experts regarding major factors in patient decision aids implementation for prenatal screening. Before implementing prenatal screening decision aids in Iran, it would be helpful to consider these organizational and personal factors. Prenatal screening decision aids can provide better information for pregnant women and strengthen their decision-making ability.

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Causes of medical errors and its under-reporting amongst pediatric nurses in Iran: a qualitative study

International Journal for Quality in Health Care ◽

10.1093/intqhc/mzy202 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 541-546

Author(s):

Razieh Sadat Mousavi-roknabadi ◽

Marzieh Momennasab ◽

Mehrdad Askarian ◽

Abbas Haghshenas ◽

Brahmaputra Marjadi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Medical Errors ◽

Reporting System ◽

Pediatric Nurses ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Pediatric Department ◽

Data Saturation ◽

Context Specific

Abstract Objectives To explore the causes of medical errors (ME) and under-reporting amongst pediatric nurses at an Iranian teaching hospital. Design A qualitative study, based on individual, in-depth, semi-structured interviews and content analysis approach. Settings The study was conducted at the Pediatric Department of the largest tertiary general and teaching hospital in Shiraz, southern Iran. Participants The study population was all pediatrics nurses who work at Pediatric Department and they had been trained on ME, as well as methods to report them through the hospital’s ME reporting system. Purposive sampling was used by selecting key informants until data saturation was achieved and no more new information was obtained. Finally, 18 pediatric nurses were interviewed. Main outcome measure(s) Pediatrics nurses’ views on the causes of ME and under-reporting. Results We found five main factors causing ME and under-reporting: personal factors, workplace factors, managerial factors, work culture and error reporting system. These factors were further classified into proximal and distal factors. Proximal factors had direct relationship with ME and distal factors were contextual factors. Conclusion Causes of ME and under-reporting amongst pediatric nurses are complex and intertwined. Both proximal and distal factors need to be simultaneously addressed using context-specific approaches. Further research on other groups of healthcare workers and using a quantitative approach will be beneficial to elucidate the most appropriate interventions.

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Writing a Doctoral Dissertation: A Qualitative Study of Education Doctoral Students' Perceptions

Global Sociological Review ◽

10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-i).05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol VI (I) ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

Tanzeela Batool ◽

Yaar Muhammad ◽

Faisal Anis

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Doctoral Students ◽

Academic Writing ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Private University ◽

Supervisory Support ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Dissertation Writing

For doctoral students, dissertation writing is an important stage in their completion of the degree. They might face several problems during this stage. The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore doctoral students' perceptions of dissertation writing. Ten participants were selected through a purposive sampling technique from the education department of a private university in Lahore, Pakistan. An interview guide was constructed in light of the research objectives and literature review. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The findings of the study revealed language barriers, insufficient academic writing skills, inadequate supervisory support, and personal factors as problems faced by doctoral students during their dissertation writing. It is recommended that an academic writing course should be offered during coursework. Moreover, effective supervisory support should be ensured at the dissertation writing stage. The concerned department should facilitate and solve the problems of doctoral students during their write-up stage.

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Attitudes towards health research participation: a qualitative study of US Arabs and Chaldeans

Family Practice ◽

10.1093/fampra/cmy071 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 325-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kimberly D Campbell-Voytal ◽

Kendra L Schwartz ◽

Hiam Hamade ◽

Florence J Dallo ◽

Anne Victoria Neale

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Health Research ◽

Research Participation ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Research Process ◽

Study Phase ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Health Care Environment ◽

Risks And Benefits

Abstract Background The Arab Muslim and Chaldean Christian American community is unified by language but culturally diverse. Researchers are challenged to engage the Arab/Chaldean community to meet immigrant health needs. Arabs/Chaldeans are identified as white in clinical data sets making it difficult to identify health behaviours and patterns unique to the community. Objectives To explore the views of members of the Arab/Chaldean community, including researchers and the lay public, regarding health research participation and the role of clinicians, researchers and community leaders in the research process. Methods A qualitative study of Arab and Chaldean adults and researchers conducted in a US community with a large Arab/Chaldean population. Five semi-structured focus group discussions were triangulated with five in-depth semi-structured interviews with Arab or Chaldean primary care researchers. Responses were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and thematically analysed, and findings confirmed with community representatives. Results Three themes were identified: (i) research expectations: risks and benefits; (ii) health care environment: clinicians as recruiters and (iii) research participations: risks and benefits. Themes captured concerns with social relationships, reputation or trust and the cost and benefit of research participation. In the Arab/Chaldean community, institutional and political fears and distrust are amplified. Respect for physicians, teachers and faith leaders connected with or recruiting for studies enhances likelihood of research participation. Conclusion Clinical researchers should address the cultural and immigration histories of Arab/Chaldean research participants. Studies that maximize trust will minimize participation bias and lay the groundwork for improved health. Institutional, sociocultural and personal factors require a pre-study phase to engage and educate participants.

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Occupational therapists as social change agents: Exploring factors that influence their actions

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/00084174211022891 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000841742110228

Author(s):

Jessica Picotin ◽

Michaël Beaudoin ◽

Sandrine Hélie ◽

Ann-Élisabeth Martin ◽

Annie Carrier

Keyword(s):

Social Change ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Focus Groups ◽

Change Agent ◽

Change Agents ◽

Occupational Therapists ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Ability To Act

Background. When acting effectively in their social change agent (SCA) role, occupational therapists can impact population health and occupational justice. However, empirical evidence of the influence of personal and environmental factors on their ability to act as SCAs is scarce. Purpose. To explore personal and environmental factors that influence the ability of occupational therapists to act as effective SCAs. Method. We conducted a descriptive interpretive qualitative study with 18 Québec occupational therapists recognized as successful SCAs. We collected data through semi-structured interviews with three focus groups and analyzed them thematically using a lexicon. Findings. We identified nine cross-cutting personal factors, including discovery, effective communication, and planning, that enable occupational therapists to act as successful SCAs. Six thematic groups of environmental factors facilitated or hindered their actions. Implications. To act effectively as SCAs, occupational therapists need to consider personal and environmental factors involved in their change project.

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Distinction or Discrimination?A Qualitative Study of Sustainable growth of Women-Owned Technology based SMEs in Malaysia

International Journal on Perceptive and Cognitive Computing ◽

10.31436/ijpcc.v5i2.122 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Syed Khurram Ali Jafri ◽

Wafa Khurram

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Potential Role ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Managerial Implications ◽

And Gender ◽

Significant Factors

Technopreneurship development and its significance in economic growth has led worldâ€™s economies to identify the potential role of growth-oriented women-owned technology based SMEs for economic gains. The existing literature on growth among women owned firms, however, exclusively elucidates dearth of empirical research of this phenomenon particularly in transitional economies. This qualitative study is an attempt to reveal the most significant factors that influence the sustainable growth of women owned technology SMEs in Malaysia. The findings from semi-structured interviews from policy makers explain that sustainable growth among these women owned technology based SMEs appears to be entwined in both personal factors related to distinctiveness of these firms as well as external factors associated with socio-cultural discrimination. Several practical and managerial implications have been provided to enlighten policy makers and women technopreneurs on one hand and enhance theoretical knowledge of researchers in the field of technology, innovation and gender.

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Factors affecting hookah tobacco smoking among females in the Islamic Republic of Iran: a qualitative study

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/emhj.20.140 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 1493-1501

Author(s):

Mohammad Bazrafshan ◽

Amir Mansouri ◽

Hamed Delam ◽

Behnam Masmouei ◽

Nasrin Shokrpour

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Social Factors ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Islamic Republic ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Hookah Smoking ◽

Islamic Republic Of Iran

Background: The prevalence of hookah smoking in the Islamic Republic of Iran is increasing among females, especially in the southern cities. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing hookah tobacco smoking among females in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods: In this qualitative study, 52 females who use hookah were selected (25–71 years old) from the cities of Evaz and Gerash and were interviewed. The participants were selected using purposive sampling and the data were gathered using semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using the conventional approach of qualitative content analysis. Results: Most participants were aged between 25 and 35 years old and 55.8% were married. Three main themes were identified from the qualitative data including: personal factors, family factors and social factors. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the reasons for hookah smoking were based on complex interactions between individual, family, and social factors. In order to successfully reduce hookah smoking in females it is necessary to consider an approach that uses these social factors

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Stigma and the in(visible) perspectives and expectations of home oxygen therapy among people with chronic breathlessness syndrome: A qualitative study

Palliative Medicine ◽

10.1177/0269216318805621 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 82-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Katrina Breaden ◽

Aileen Collier ◽

Caroline Litster ◽

Peter Allcroft ◽

David C Currow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Management Strategies ◽

South Australia ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Self Management ◽

Interpretive Description ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Severe Hypoxaemia ◽

Careful Thought

Background: Chronic breathlessness syndrome in the context of advancing disease is distressing for all concerned. Oxygen is commonly prescribed in this setting; however, little is known about the perspectives of breathless people who either are on oxygen or are yet to have it prescribed. Aim: To understand and describe the perspectives and experiences of breathless people towards oxygen use at home. Design: This qualitative study utilised an interpretive description approach using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Setting/participants: A total of 19 people with chronic breathlessness syndrome living in South Australia participated in semi-structured interviews. Participants were divided into sub-groups according to whether they were chronically breathless and (1) not using home oxygen ( n = 6), (2) using funded home oxygen for severe hypoxaemia ( n = 7) and (3) using home oxygen for palliation outside of funding guidelines ( n = 6). Results: Three main themes were identified: (1) managing distress and living with chronic breathlessness syndrome, with or without oxygen, requires a range of self-management strategies; (2) expectations of oxygen use: ‘Not as good as I thought it would be’; and (3) the stigma of using oxygen: the visible and invisible. Conclusion: People living with chronic breathlessness struggle daily with both the progression of the underlying disease and the distressing nature of the syndrome. While oxygen does provide benefit for some people, its use and the perceptions of its use are often associated with both the visible and invisible manifestations of stigma. Clinicians need to promote self-management strategies and give careful thought to the prescribing of home oxygen, especially outside the current funding guidelines.

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Topik-Topik Komunikasi Dakwah Dalam Mesej Akidah Kepada Masyarakat Orang Asli di Selangor

Sains Insani ◽

10.33102/sainsinsani.vol3no2.56 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

Zulkefli Aini ◽

Abdul Ghafar Don ◽

Ahmad Irdha Mokhtar ◽

Nur Uswah Ahmad Fauzi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Study Design ◽

Verbal Feedback ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Orang Asli ◽

Case Study Design ◽

Beliefs And Practice ◽

Islamic Faith ◽

Selection Of

One of the factors that can affect a person's behavior is a communication message. In the context of the da`wah, preachers who involved actively in da`wah communication with the Orang Asli should be able to ensure that the message conveyed can be understood by the target group. In addition, the selection of the correct messages of da`wah based on the foremost priority simplify the process of sharing information between the preachers and the Orang Asli. Accordingly, this article aims to identify specific topics of Islamic faith (akidah) submitted by the Orang Asli in the process of da`wah communication and to identify verbal feedback given by the preachers to the Orang Asli of the topics. This qualitative study using case study design and data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Interviews involving nine preachers were active in da`wah activity to the Orang Asli community in Selangor. Data were analyzed thematically according to the specified objectives. The study found that the topics frequently raised by the Orang Asli is concerned about belief in Allah, belief in Malaikat, and belief in Qada' and Qadar. The topics may be found within the framework of worldview in their beliefs and practice of ancient traditions. Therefore, the preachers gave verbal feedback on these topics is based on a clear and precise sample corresponding to the level of their thinking. The emphasis on these topics is very important to strengthen and purify the faith of the community.Keywords: Communication; Message; Preacher; Indigenous community Abstrak: Elemen mesej dalam komunikasi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memberi kesan terhadap perubahan tingkah laku seseorang. Dalam konteks dakwah, pendakwah yang terlibat dalam proses komunikasi dakwah dengan Orang Asli seharusnya berkebolehan memastikan kandungan mesej yang disampaikan boleh difahami oleh sasaran dakwahnya. Di samping itu, pemilihan mesej dakwah yang betul mengikut keutamaan memudahkan proses perkongsian maklumat antara pendakwah dengan Orang Asli. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti topik-topik tertentu dalam mesej akidah yang dikemukakan oleh masyarakat Orang Asli kepada pendakwah dan mengenalpasti maklum balas lisan yang diberikan oleh pendakwah kepada Orang Asli terhadap topik tersebut. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes dengan pengumpulan data melalui temu bual separa struktur. Temu bual melibatkan sembilan orang pendakwah yang aktif dalam aktiviti dakwah masyarakat Orang Asli di Selangor. Data kajian dianalisis secara tematik mengikut objektif yang ditentukan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa topik-topik yang sering dikemukan oleh Orang Asli kepada pendakwah dalam penyampaian mesej akidah ialah berkenaan tentang keimanan kepada Allah SWT, keimanan kepada malaikat, dan keimanan kepada qada’ dan qadar. Topik-topik berkenaan didapati berada dalam kerangka worldview kepercayaan dan amalan tradisi mereka. Sehubungan dengan itu, pendakwah memberikan maklum balas lisan terhadap topik-topik tersebut adalah berdasarkan keterangan yang jelas dan contoh yang tepat bersesuaian dengan tahap pemikiran mereka. Penekanan terhadap topik-topik tersebut merupakan perkara yang penting dalam rangka mengukuhkan dan memurnikan akidah masyarakat Orang Asli.Kata kunci: Komunikasi; Mesej; Pendakwah; Komuniti Orang Asli

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Diversity in teachers’ approaches to movement integration: A qualitative study of lower secondary school teachers’ perceptions of a state school reform involving daily physical activity

European Physical Education Review ◽

10.1177/1356336x19865567 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 429-447

Author(s):

Henrik Taarsted Jørgensen ◽

Sine Agergaard ◽

Michalis Stylianou ◽

Jens Troelsen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

School Reform ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Teachers Perceptions ◽

Physical Activity Policy ◽

Danish School ◽

Group Interviews ◽

Movement Integration

In the context of implementing a physical activity policy as part of a national school reform in Denmark, the purpose of this study was to explore lower secondary teachers’ interpretations and perceptions of the physical activity policy with a focus on movement integration. In total, 14 teachers from four different schools were selected to take part in this qualitative study, which involved semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews, go-along observations and informal interviews. A thematic analysis framework was employed to identify and describe patterns of meaning within data. The findings showed substantial diversity among teachers’ interpretations and perceptions of movement integration, and consequently a lack of definitional clarity regarding movement integration and a possible misalignment between policy and practice. Teachers’ perceptions and interpretations of movement integration were influenced by other and more prioritised policies and discourses regarding academic achievement, as well as by intrapersonal, interpersonal and institutional factors. The findings also suggested a lack of support and collaboration within the school and provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses associated with the autonomy afforded in the Danish school reform.

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