scholarly journals How is patient-centred care conceptualized in women’s health: a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R. Gagliardi ◽  
Bryanna B. Nyhof ◽  
Sheila Dunn ◽  
Sherry L. Grace ◽  
Courtney Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Patient Centred Care ◽  
Abstract Screening ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Problem Patient

Abstract Background Gendered disparities in health care delivery and outcomes are an international problem. Patient-centred care (PCC) improves patient and health system outcomes, and is widely advocated to reduce inequities. The purpose of this study was to review published research for frameworks of patient-centred care for women (PCCW) that could serve as the basis for quality improvement. Methods A scoping review was conducted by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Joanna Briggs index for English-language quantitative or qualitative studies published from 2008 to 2018 that included at least 50% women aged 18 years or greater and employed or generated a PCCW framework. Findings were analyzed using a 6-domain PCC framework, and reported using summary statistics and narrative descriptions. Results A total of 9267 studies were identified, 6670 were unique, 6610 titles were excluded upon title/abstract screening, and 11 were deemed eligible from among 60 full-text articles reviewed. None were based on or generated a PCCW framework, included solely women, or analyzed or reported findings by gender. All studies explored or described PCC components through qualitative research or surveys. None of the studies addressed all 6 domains of an established PCC framework; however, additional PCC elements emerged in 9 of 11 studies including timely responses, flexible scheduling, and humanized management, meaning tailoring communication and treatment to individual needs and preferences. There were no differences in PCC domains between studies comprised primarily of women and other studies. Conclusions Given the paucity of research on PCCW, primary research is needed to generate knowledge about PCCW processes, facilitators, challenges, interventions and impacts, which may give rise to a PCCW framework that could be used to plan, deliver, evaluate and improve PCCW.

scholarly journals How is patient-centred care addressed in women’s health? A theoretical rapid review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e026121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R Gagliardi ◽  
Sheila Dunn ◽  
Angel Foster ◽  
Sherry L Grace ◽  
Courtney R Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Patient Centred Care ◽  
Different Characteristics

PurposeEfforts are needed to reduce gendered inequities and improve health and well-being for women. Patient-centred care (PCC), an approach that informs and engages patients in their own health, is positively associated with improved care delivery, experiences and outcomes. This study aimed to describe how PCC for women (PCCW) has been conceptualised in research.MethodsWe conducted a theoretical rapid review of PCCW in four health conditions. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library and Joanna Briggs index for English-language articles published from January 2008 to February 2018 inclusive that investigated PCC and involved at least 50% women aged 18 or older. We analysed findings using a six-domain PCC framework, and reported findings with summary statistics and narrative descriptions.ResultsAfter screening 2872 unique search results, we reviewed 51 full-text articles, and included 14 (five family planning, three preventive care, four depression, one cardiovascular disease and one rehabilitation). Studies varied in how they assessed PCC. None examined all six PCC framework domains; least evaluated domains were addressing emotions, managing uncertainty and enabling self-management. Seven studies that investigated PCC outcomes found a positive association with appropriate health service use, disease remission, health self-efficacy and satisfaction with care. Differing views about PCC between patients and physicians, physician PCC attitudes and geographic affluence influenced PCC. No studies evaluated the influence of patient characteristics or tested interventions to support PCCW.ConclusionThere is a paucity of research that has explored or evaluated PCCW in the conditions of interest. We excluded many studies because they arbitrarily labelled many topics as PCC, or simply concluded that PCC was needed. More research is needed to fully conceptualise and describe PCCW across different characteristics and conditions, and to test interventions that improve PCCW. Policies and incentives may also be needed to stimulate greater awareness and delivery of PCCW.

scholarly journals What are the links between evidence-based medicine and shared decision-making in training programs for junior doctors? A scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e037225
Author(s):  
Mary Simons ◽  
Frances Rapport ◽  
Yvonne Zurynski ◽  
Jeremy Cullis ◽  
Andrew Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Patient Centred Care ◽  
Based Medicine

IntroductionPatient-centred care is pivotal to clinical practice and medical education. The practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM) and shared decision-making (SDM) are complementary aspects of patient-centred care, but they are frequently taught and reported as independent entities. To effectively perform all steps of EBM, clinicians need to include patients in SDM conversations, however, the uptake of this has been slow and inconsistent. A solution may be the incorporation of SDM into EBM training programmes, but such programmes do not routinely include SDM skills development. This scoping review will survey the literature on the kinds of EBM and SDM educational programmes that exist for recently qualified doctors, programmes that incorporate the teaching of both EBM and SDM skills, as well as identifying research gaps in the literature.Methods and analysisLiterature searches will be conducted in the databases Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library. Bibliographies of key articles and their citing references will also be hand-searched and assessed for inclusion. Selected grey literature will be included. Papers must be written in English, or provide English abstracts, and date from 1996 to the present day.Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, check full texts of selected papers for eligibility and extract the data. Any disagreement will be resolved, and consensus reached, if necessary, with the assistance of a third reviewer. Qualitative and quantitative studies that address educational interventions for either EBM, SDM or both will be included. Data extraction tables will present bibliographic information, populations, interventions, context and outcomes. Data will be summarised using tables and figures and a description of findings.Ethics and disseminationThis review will synthesise information from publicly available publications and does not require ethics approval. The results will be disseminated via conference presentations and publications in medical journals.

scholarly journals User interface approaches implemented with automated patient deterioration surveillance tools: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e055525
Author(s):  
Yik-Ki Jacob Wan ◽  
Guilherme Del Fiol ◽  
Mary M McFarland ◽  
Melanie C Wright
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Patient Deterioration

IntroductionEarly identification of patients who may suffer from unexpected adverse events (eg, sepsis, sudden cardiac arrest) gives bedside staff valuable lead time to care for these patients appropriately. Consequently, many machine learning algorithms have been developed to predict adverse events. However, little research focuses on how these systems are implemented and how system design impacts clinicians’ decisions or patient outcomes. This protocol outlines the steps to review the designs of these tools.Methods and analysisWe will use scoping review methods to explore how tools that leverage machine learning algorithms in predicting adverse events are designed to integrate into clinical practice. We will explore the types of user interfaces deployed, what information is displayed, and how clinical workflows are supported. Electronic sources include Medline, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library (including CENTRAL), and IEEE Xplore from 1 January 2009 to present. We will only review primary research articles that report findings from the implementation of patient deterioration surveillance tools for hospital clinicians. The articles must also include a description of the tool’s user interface. Since our primary focus is on how the user interacts with automated tools driven by machine learning algorithms, electronic tools that do not extract data from clinical data documentation or recording systems such as an EHR or patient monitor, or otherwise require manual entry, will be excluded. Similarly, tools that do not synthesise information from more than one data variable will also be excluded. This review will be limited to English-language articles. Two reviewers will review the articles and extract the data. Findings from both researchers will be compared with minimise bias. The results will be quantified, synthesised and presented using appropriate formats.Ethics and disseminationEthics review is not required for this scoping review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.

Health Equity in Artificial Intelligence and Primary Care Research: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Xin Wang ◽  
Sulaiman Somani ◽  
Jonathan H Chen ◽  
Sara Murray ◽  
Urmimala Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Preventative Care ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Though artificial intelligence (AI) has potential to augment the patient-physician relationship in primary care, bias in intelligent healthcare systems has the potential to differentially impact vulnerable patient populations. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the extent to which AI systems in primary care examine the inherent bias towards or against vulnerable populations and appraise how these systems have mitigated the impact of such biases during their development. METHODS We will conduct a search update from an existing scoping review to identify AI and primary care articles in the following databases: Medline-OVID,Embase,CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, MathSciNet, AAAI, and arXiv. Two screeners will independently review all abstracts, titles and full-texts. The team will extract data using structured data extraction form and synthesize the results according to PRISMA-Scr guidelines. RESULTS This review will provide an assessment of the current state of healthcare equity within AI for primary care. Specifically, we will identify the degree to which vulnerable patients have been included, assess how bias is interpreted and documented, and understand the extent harmful biases are addressed. As of October 2020, the scoping review is in the title and abstract screening stage. The results are expected to be submitted for publication in fall of 2021. CONCLUSIONS AI applications in primary care are becoming an increasingly common tool in health care delivery, including in preventative care efforts for underserved populations. This scoping review aims to understand to what extent AI-primary care studies employ a health equity lens and take steps to mitigate bias.

scholarly journals Mapping Evidence of Patients’ Experiences in Integrated Care Settings: A Protocol for a Scoping Review

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e018311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa T Youssef ◽  
Rosa Constantino ◽  
Zarah K Chaudhary ◽  
Andrew Lee ◽  
David Wiljer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
The Cochrane Library

IntroductionIntegrated care (IC) models have emerged to address gaps in care for individuals with complex healthcare needs. Although the clinical and cost-effectiveness of IC models are well-established, our understanding of whether IC models facilitate a patient-centred care experience from the patients’ perspective is not well understood. This scoping review aims to comprehensively map the literature to provide a broad overview of patients’ experiences in IC settings with a focus on the experiences of complex patients with comorbid mental and physical illnesses. It also aims to describe current gaps identified in the literature in our understanding of aspects of care that are often unrecognised.Methods and analysisUsing established scoping review frameworks and guidelines, we will perform a comprehensive search in the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies on patients’ experiences in IC models. Grey literature sources and studies bibliographies will also be searched to identify relevant studies and documents. Data will be extracted and summarised using descriptive statistical and qualitative analyses. We will also consult with stakeholders from various backgrounds to enhance the comprehensiveness of this review.Ethics and disseminationThis review requires no ethical approval. Findings from this study will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, clinical conferences and in knowledge translation settings, aiming to improve clinical practice and care delivery.

scholarly journals Quality indicators of telemedical care offshore—a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hellfritz ◽  
Alexander Waschkau ◽  
Jost Steinhäuser
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Offshore Installations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Telemedical Care

Abstract Background Offshore industries operate all around the world in diverse and remote environments. The use of telemedicine to ensure up-to-date medical care for thousands of people offshore has been common practice for decades. Thus, in this setting, extensive experiences with this type of health care delivery have already been gathered, while in other settings this is just beginning. However, the quality of telemedical care on offshore installations is rarely reported yet. The objective of this review was to explore published literature with regards to the following questions: Have any Quality Indicators (QIs) been published for measuring the quality of telemedical care on offshore installations or are there identifiable items that could be used as such QIs? Methods We conducted a comprehensive Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) of the published literature using the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Core Collection), and Google Scholar. Search results were read and QIs or findings from which QIs could be derived were classified according to the dimensions of quality established by Donabedian (structure, process, or outcome QIs). Results The search returned 10,236 non-recurring articles, 45 of which were full-text screened and 15 of which were included in this review. Types of publications were heterogenous. No QIs for the quality of telemedical care offshore have been published yet. Findings that could be the basis for QIs focused on structure quality (11 QIs) followed by process quality (11 QIs), while outcome quality was less common (1 QI). Conclusion Currently, although years of experience with telemedical care on offshore installations exist, there is a paucity of research on a solid data base regarding the quality of telemedical care offshore. The authors derived a list of 24 possible QIs from the findings of the publications for further validation. This could be the basis for implementation and definition of QIs in this and in similar remote settings.

scholarly journals Adults diagnosed with vestibular schwannomas and treated with stereotactic radiosurgery: a scoping review protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Almufarrij ◽  
◽  
Cathal Hannan ◽  
Simon Lloyd ◽  
Kevin J Munro
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Review Question ◽  
Study Designs

Review question / Objective: This review aims to catalogue and collate information on outcome measures, study designs, and dose-related changes in hearing following stereotactic radiosurgery for adults diagnosed with sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma. Study designs to be included: Any peer-reviewed primary research publications will be eligible for inclusion. Information sources: Electronic databases. The following databases will be systematically searched to identify relevant studies: PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, EMCare, Web of Science and Cochrane Library.

Self-management, self-management support needs and interventions in advanced cancer: a scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Budhwani ◽  
Walter P Wodchis ◽  
Camilla Zimmermann ◽  
Rahim Moineddin ◽  
Doris Howell
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Wide Range

Patients with advanced cancer can experience illness trajectories similar to other progressive chronic disease conditions where undertaking self-management (SM) and provision of self-management support (SMS) becomes important. The main objectives of this study were to map the literature of SM strategies and SMS needs of patients with advanced cancer and to describe SMS interventions tested in this patient population. A scoping review of all literature published between 2002 and 2016 was conducted. A total of 11 094 articles were generated for screening from MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases. A final 55 articles were extracted for inclusion in the review. Included studies identified a wide variety of SM behaviours used by patients with advanced cancer including controlling and coping with the physical components of the disease and facilitating emotional and psychosocial adjustments to a life-limiting illness. Studies also described a wide range of SMS needs, SMS interventions and their effectiveness in this patient population. Findings suggest that SMS interventions addressing SMS needs should be based on a sound understanding of the core skills required for effective SM and theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Future research should examine how a patient-oriented SMS approach can be incorporated into existing models of care delivery and the effects of SMS on quality of life and health system utilisation in this population.

scholarly journals Readmission rate after epilepsy surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Mir ◽  
Anis Jor ◽  
Morteza Salarzaei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Readmission Rate ◽  
English Language ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract ObjectiveToday, quality of care has become a central issue with regard to redesigning health care delivery. For improvement of quality of care, measurement and analysis of outcomes is essential. the aim of this study is to evaluate the 30 day readmission rate of epilepsy surgery.Material and MethodsA systematic literature review was performed in April 2020. We reviewed MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for citation or ongoing trials from January 2010 to March 2020. The search criteria were limited to human studies published in English language. The Medical Subject Headings terms used for the search in PubMed were ‘epilepsy surgery’ ,’readmission’, ’reoperation ’ and ‘neurological surgery’. We used random-effects meta-analyses to estimate pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals for early readmissionResultsIn the 7trials reporting readmission rates, the overall prevalence of readmission and re-operation within 30 days was 10% and 9%. The most common cause of re-admission was seizure(31.6%). The overall mean Elixhauser index among readmitted patients after epilepsy surgery was 8.05.ConclusionMinimizing factors that contribute to readmission in various patient populations and procedures becomes important for patient care, resource utilization, and physician reimbursement.understanding about a readmission rate of 10% can be useful to health systems designing quality improvement efforts.Awareness of the reasons for readmission is important for patient counseling and surgical decision making.In epilepsy surgery, although our study did not show a significant difference but ,readmissions might be reduced with optimization of pre-existing comorbidities

scholarly journals Measuring Online Wellbeing: A Scoping Review of Subjective Wellbeing Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xin Ong ◽  
Liz Dowthwaite ◽  
Elvira Perez Vallejos ◽  
Mat Rawsthorne ◽  
Yunfei Long
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Abstract Screening ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Full Text Screening

With the increasing importance of the internet to our everyday lives, questions are rightly being asked about how its' use affects our wellbeing. It is important to be able to effectively measure the effects of the online context, as it allows us to assess the impact of specific online contexts on wellbeing that may not apply to offline wellbeing. This paper describes a scoping review of English language, peer-reviewed articles published in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychInfo between 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2019 to identify what measures are used to assess subjective wellbeing and in particular to identify any measures used in the online context. Two hundred forty studies were identified; 160 studies were removed by abstract screening, and 17 studies were removed by full-text screening, leaving 63 included studies. Fifty-six subjective wellbeing scales were identified with 18 excluded and 38 included for further analysis. Only one study was identified researching online wellbeing, and no specific online wellbeing scale was found. Therefore, common features of the existing scales, such as the number and type of questions, are compared to offer recommendations for building an online wellbeing scale. Such a scale is recommended to be between 3 and 20 questions, using mainly 5-point Likert or Likert-like scales to measure at least positive and negative affect, and ideally life satisfaction, and to use mainly subjective evaluation. Further research is needed to establish how these findings for the offline world effectively translate into an online measure of wellbeing.

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