scholarly journals Defining competence profiles of different medical specialties with the requirement-tracking questionnaire – a pilot study to provide a framework for medial students’ choice of postgraduate training

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Zelesniack ◽  
Viktor Oubaid ◽  
Sigrid Harendza
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Graduate ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Mental Abilities ◽  
Monthly Journal

Abstract Background The medical specialties are characterised by a great diversity in their daily work which requires different sets of competences. A requirement analysis would help to establish competence profiles of the different medical specialities. The aim of this pilot study was to define competence profiles for individual medical specialties. This could provide a framework as support for medical graduates who wish to choose a medical specialty for their postgraduate training. Methods In February 2020, physicians were invited via the State Chamber of Physicians’ monthly journal to electronically fill out the requirement tracking (R-Track) questionnaire. It contains 63 aspects assigned to six areas of competence: “Mental abilities”, “Sensory abilities”, “Psychomotor and multitasking abilities”, “Social interactive competences”, “Motivation”, and “Personality traits”. The expression of the different aspects was assessed on a 5-point Likert scale (1: “very low” to 5: “very high”). Sociodemographic data and information about the current workplace (hospital or practice) were also collected. Results In total, 195 practicing physicians from 19 different specialities followed the invitation by the State Chamber of Physicians to participate in this survey. For almost all medical specialties, the competence area “Motivation” reached rank 1. “Psychomotor and multitasking abilities” received high ranks among specialties performing surgical activities, while “Social interactive competences” and “Personality traits” were highly rated by specialties with an intense level of patient-physician-interaction. “Mental abilities” were only rated highly by radiologists (rank 2) and physiologists (rank 3) while “Sensory abilities” were generally rated very low with the expression (rank 4) for anaesthesiology and ENT. Conclusions In this pilot study, a first outline of competences profiles for 17 medical specialties were defined. The specific “Motivation” for a medical specialty seemed to play the greatest role for most specialties. This first specialty specific competence framework could provide a first insight into specific competences required by medical specialties and could serve medical graduate as a decision aid when looking for a medical specialty for their postgraduate training.

scholarly journals Decreased Medical Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Comprehensive Analysis of Radiological Examinations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Aigner ◽  
Bernd Hamm ◽  
Florian Nima Fleckenstein ◽  
Tazio Maleitzke ◽  
Georg Böning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Case Volume ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Radiological Examinations

Objectives As a cross-section discipline within the hospital infrastructure, radiological departments might be able to provide important information regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare. The goal of this study was to quantify changes in medical care during the first wave of the pandemic using radiological examinations as a comprehensive surrogate marker and to determine potential future workload. Methods A retrospective analysis of all radiological examinations during the first wave of the pandemic was performed. The number of examinations was compared to time-matched control periods. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of radiological examinations attributed to various medical specialties was conducted and postponed examinations were extrapolated to calculate additional workload in the near future. Results A total of 596,760 examinations were analyzed. Overall case volumes decreased by an average of 41 % during the shutdown compared to the control period. The most affected radiological modalities were sonography (–54 %), X-ray (–47 %) followed by MRI (–42 %). The most affected medical specialty was trauma and orthopedics (–60 % case volume) followed by general surgery (–49 %). Examination numbers increased during the post-shutdown period leading to a predicted additional workload of up to 22 %. Conclusion This study shows a marked decrease in radiological examinations in total and among several core medical specialties, indicating a significant reduction in medical care during the first COVID-19 shutdown. Key Points: Citation Format

Bridging the Gap With Choosing Wisely Recommendations: What Laboratory Topics Matter Most to Other Medical Specialty Societies?

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S143-S143
Author(s):  
Barbara Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Choosing Wisely ◽  
Topic Area ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Smear Testing

Abstract Introduction This study sought to evaluate the nature and frequency of laboratory recommendations made by medical societies other than ASCP. Methods Review of all 2012 to 2018 ABIM Choosing Wisely (CW) non-ASCP laboratory recommendations and categorization of recommendations per topic area. Results There are 107 total recommendations made by other medical specialties that involve laboratory medicine. The most common recommendations are (1) Transfusion Medicine: to minimize transfusion of PRCs (19 recommendations, 18%); (2) Women’s Health: Pap smear testing, other women’s health testing (18 recommendations, 17%); and (3) General Laboratory: reducing repetitive routine laboratory tests (10 recommendations, 9%). Most (64, 60%) recommendations addressed screening while 29 (27%) focused on treatment and 14 (13%) were related to monitoring disease. Conclusion Almost one-half (44%) of all recommendations fell into three common areas and there were more recommendations related to screening for disease than for treatment or monitoring. For Choosing Wisely to achieve increasing success, increasing efforts are needed to disseminate this information, promote multidisciplinary effective test utilization, and encourage continued laboratory medicine recommendations from all medical stakeholders.

scholarly journals Changes in prevalence of workplace violence against doctors in all medical specialties in Norway between 1993 and 2014: a repeated cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e017757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Hjulstad Johansen ◽  
Valborg Baste ◽  
Judith Rosta ◽  
Olaf G Aasland ◽  
Tone Morken
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Violence Against Doctors

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate whether reported prevalence of experienced threats, real acts of violence and debilitating fear of violence among Norwegian doctors have increased over the last two decades.DesignRepeated cross-sectional survey.SettingAll healthcare levels and medical specialties in Norway.ParticipantsRepresentative samples of Norwegian doctors in 1993 (n=2628) and 2014 (n=1158).Main outcome measuresRelative risk (RR) of self-reported prevalence of work-time experiences of threats and real acts of violence, and of being physically or psychologically unfit during the last 12 months due to fear of violence, in 2014 compared with 1993, adjusted by age, gender and medical specialty.ResultsThere were no differences in self-reported threats (adjusted RR=1.01, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.08) or real acts (adjusted RR=0.90, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.03) of violence when comparing 2014 with 1993. The proportion of doctors who had felt unfit due to fear of violence decreased from 1993 to 2014 (adjusted RR=0.53, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.73). Although still above average, the proportion of doctors in psychiatry who reported real acts of violence decreased substantially from 1993 to 2014 (adjusted RR=0.75, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.95).ConclusionsA substantial proportion of doctors experience threats and real acts of violence during their work-time career, but there was no evidence that workplace violence has increased over the last two decades. Still, the issue needs to be addressed as part of the doctors’ education and within work settings.

CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE DIAGNOSED CLINICAL SITUATION COMPONENTS FOR ELECTRONIC MONITORING OF THE TREATMENT QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
T.K. Lugovkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Conceptual Schemes ◽  
Quality Of Treatment ◽  
General Terms

Significance. Free care delivery within the framework of the State Guarantee Programs substantiates the development of electronic platforms for information support of doctors in prescribing medicines and monitoring quality of treatment. Conceptualization of the unified information environment of clinical practice, unified interpretation of the terms and components of the diagnosed clinical situations are important conditions for effective performance of the medical electronic platforms. Purpose: to conceptualize the scheme of information environment of clinical practice to support decision-making and monitor quality of treatment. Material and methods. The conceptual schemes of the information environment of clinical practice have been developed in accordance with the system principles. The methodology for constructing conceptual schemes is based on the general principles of philosophical foundations of science. Results. The conceptual schemes, conceptual apparatus, and information environment of structural elements of the model of information environment of clinical practice have been developed. A glossary of general terms and concepts of the information environment of clinical practice has been created. The structural model of information environment was tested at the prototype electronic platforms across different medical specialties. Conclusion. The use of ontologies and intelligent systems based on the expert knowledge in combination with digital coding of the diagnosed clinical situations serve a promising approach to monitor and control quality of care delivery and cost accounting within the framework of the State Guarantee Programs implementation. Scope of application. The concepts of the components of the diagnosed clinical situations meet the requirements of the interdisciplinary level of the information environment and are applicable for creating electronic platforms in various specialized areas of clinical practice.

scholarly journals Association between care burden, depression and personality traits in Alzheimer’s caregiver: A pilot study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0251813
Author(s):  
Anna Vespa ◽  
Roberta Spatuzzi ◽  
Paolo Fabbietti ◽  
Martina Penna ◽  
Maria Velia Giulietti
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
High Care ◽  
Social Behaviours

Introduction In this study correlations between care burden, depression, and personality at intrapsychic level in caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients were evaluated. Materials and methods Caregivers: n.40. Tests: Social-schedule; CBI; BDI; SASB-Structural-Analysis of Social Behaviours- Form-A- intrapsychic behaviours (8 Cluster); ECOG. Patients:MMSE. Statistical analysis: Chi-squared test; Anova one way F test; Pearson’s R coefficient. Results Correlations: CBI-total and NPI(p < .001); CBI-total—ECOG (p = .042); CBI-total—BDI(p< .001); CBI- total-SASB-Cl7(p = .014); SASB-CL8(p<0.000); BDI and SASB-Cl 2 (p = .018), SASB-Cl 3 (p = .004), SASB-Cl7(p < .000), SASB-CL8 (p < .000). High CBI is correlated with high depression, neuropsychiatry symptoms, low cognitive patient’s functions. Caregivers have the following intrapsychic behaviors: poor self-care, poor ability to take care of themselves; they exercise control over themselves and do not consider and/or ignore their basic needs at emotional and physical levels. These intrapsychic behaviours are indicators of depression (SASB Model) and are correlated with high care burden–CBI and high depression-CDQ. Discussion Care burden is closely related to the depression and individual personality (intrapsychic experience) of the caregiver. This may reveal a source of strength and may suggest areas of multidimensional and psychotherapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Languages used in the Vilniškiai subdialect

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Vytautas Kardelis
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Slavic Language ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Study Type ◽  
Linguistic Attitudes

Based on the data collected during dialectological expeditions in 2009–2012 in the districts of Švenčionys, Ignalina and Utena, the article discusses the state of the languages used in the area under investigation. Since the expeditions were more of a pilot study type of research, the data provided in the article are preliminary and are indicative of possible guidelines for a further, comprehensive and thorough investigation. With respect to the languages used, the whole region under investigation could be divided into the following areas: Linguistically homogeneous or more or less homogeneous areas: the area of dialectal language, marked by the usage of either the subdialect of Vilniškiai or Uteniškiai (the area of Labanoras–Ignalina–Salakas); the areas of the variations of Slavic languages in which: a) Slavic language variations are dominant with minimal use of Lithuanian (area of Gaidė), b) there is some linguistic dynamics and change in linguistic attitudes (area of Bačkininkai). Linguistically heterogeneous areas: Slavic language variations are used together with partially non-dialectal Lithuanian, however, Slavic language variations dominate. These areas include the regions of Pabradė-Joniškis and Turmantas; the dialect is used together with Slavic language variations, but the Lithuanian language is dominant (the dialect and partially non-dialectal language). This area encompasses Strūnaitis-Švenčionėliai, Didžiasalis, Neverėnai;  the dialect, Slavic language variations and non-dialectal Lithuanian are used (Svirkos-Adutiškis area). This division could be useful for prospective sociolinguists and especially valuable in the research of language contacts; in addition, it may facilitate researchers in their choice of methodology for studies of this kind.

scholarly journals Medical Specialties With Highest Percentages Of Complaints In The State Of Acre, Brazil

10.3823/2510 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilza Teresinha Ambros Ribeiro ◽  
José Hiran Gallo ◽  
Guilhermina Rego
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Health Department ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
State Health ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Regional Medical

Background: The present study had the objective of surveying the medical specialties most commonly involved in complaints reported to the Regional Medical Council (CRM) of the state of Acre, between the years 1993 and 2009. Method: Data were gathered from the CRM by means of a questionnaire. This yielded 121 complaints. A deductive method was applied, with quantitative analysis. The results indicated that the specialties most susceptible to “medical errors” were general practice and gynecology. Findings: The results indicated that the specialties most susceptible to “medical errors” were general practice and gynecology. Conclusion: It is hoped that these data will be useful to the State Health Department for justifying greater investments in these fields of scientific knowledge and for better professional training. Keywords: Acre; complaints; specialties; ethics.

scholarly journals Social and psychological adaptation of the personality of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons, with different attitude to the criminal subculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Yu.E. Dyachkova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Juvenile Suspects

The article deals with the problem of the spread of criminal subculture among juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons, their adherence to the rules, the laws of the criminal environment, as well as personal features that contribute to this. The key attention is paid to the study of social and psychological adaptation of minors in places of detention. It is assumed that there is a connection between the adherence to the norms of the criminal subculture and the personal characteristics of minors, the level of their social and psychological adaptation. The pilot study was attended by 23 juvenile boys aged 15 to 18 years, Russian, committed various crimes. The paper used review-analytical, psychodiagnostic methods, methods of mathematical and statistical processing. As a result, three types of minors are determined by the degree of their adherence to the norms of the criminal subculture, the features of social and psychological adaptation and the associated personality traits of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons are studied, and the correlation links between the integral indicators of social and psychological adaptation are established. The results can contribute to the development and implementation of psychoprophylactic and psychocorrection programs aimed at leveling the negative impact of criminal subculture norms among minors in isolation.

scholarly journals Different but similar: personality traits of​ surgeons and internists—results of a cross-sectional observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin N Stienen ◽  
Felix Scholtes ◽  
Robin Samuel ◽  
Alexander Weil ◽  
Astrid Weyerbrock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Linear Discriminant

ObjectivesMedical practice may attract and possibly enhance distinct personality profiles. We set out to describe the personality profiles of surgical and medical specialties focusing on board-certified physicians.DesignProspective, observational.SettingOnline survey containing the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), an internationally validated measure of the Five Factor Model of personality dimensions, distributed to board-certified physicians, residents and medical students in several European countries and Canada. Differences in personality profiles were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance and Canonical Linear Discriminant Analysis on age-standardised and sex-standardised z-scores of the personality traits. Single personality traits were analysed using robust t-tests.ParticipantsThe TIPI was completed by 2345 board-certified physicians, 1453 residents and 1350 medical students, who also provided demographic information.ResultsNormal population and board-certified physicians’ personality profiles differed (p<0.001). The latter scored higher on conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness, but lower on neuroticism (all p<0.001). There was no difference in openness to experience. Board-certified surgical and medical doctors’ personality profiles were also different (p<0.001). Surgeons scored higher on extraversion (p=0.003) and openness to experience (p=0.002), but lower on neuroticism (p<0.001). There was no difference in agreeableness and conscientiousness. These differences in personality profiles were reproduced at other levels of training, that is, in students and training physicians engaging in surgical versus medical practice.ConclusionThese results indicate the existence of a distinct and consistent average ‘physician personality’. Despite high variability within disciplines, there are moderate but solid and reproducible differences between surgical and medical specialties.

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