scholarly journals Cross-cultural validation of the IRB Researcher Assessment Tool: Chinese Version

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Liu ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Jessica Hahne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Research Standards

Abstract Background Using an effective method for evaluating Institutional Review Board (IRB) performance is essential for ensuring an IRB’s effectiveness, efficiency, and compliance with applicable human research standards and organizational policies. Currently, no empirical research has yet been published in China evaluating IRB performance measures by the use of a standardized tool. This study was therefore conducted to develop a Chinese version of the IRB Researcher Assessment Tool (IRB-RAT), assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version (IRB-RAT-CV), and validate the tool for use in China. Methods In this cultural adaptation, cross-sectional validation study, the IRB-RAT-CV was developed through a back-translation process and then distributed to 587 IRB staff members and researchers in medical institutions and schools in Hunan Province that review biomedical and social-behavioral research. Data from the 470 valid questionnaires collected from participants was used to evaluate the reliability, content validity, and construct validity of the IRB-RAT-CV. Results Participants’ ratings of their ideal and actual IRB as measured by the IRB-RAT-CV achieved Cronbach's alpha 0.989 and 0.992, Spearman-Brown coefficient 0.964 and 0.968, and item-total correlation values ranging from 0.631 to 0.886 and 0.743 to 0.910, respectively. Conclusion The IRB-RAT-CV is a linguistically and culturally applicable tool for assessing the quality of IRBs in China.

The Chinese version of the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia: Data of a large-scale Mandarin-speaking population

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S334-S334 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Wang ◽  
S.T. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brief Assessment ◽  
Motor Test ◽  
The U.S

ObjectiveThe brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (BACS) is a cognitive assessment tool used to measure the broad aspects of cognition that are most frequently impaired in patients with schizophrenia. This study aims to develop the normative data of the Chinese version of the BACS among the Mandarin-speaking population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 382 healthy participants (age range: 19–79 years; mean age: 48.0 ± 16.7 years, 47.6% male) in Taiwan, who were evaluated with the BACS. Means and standard deviations of subtests and composite scores were arranged by age group and gender. The Z-scores calculated based on the U.S. norms were compared to our scores based on the norms established in the present study.ResultsThe raw scores of all the BACS tests (verbal memory, digit sequencing, token motor test, verbal fluency, symbol coding, and Tower of London) were negatively correlated with participants’ age. Females were superior to males in verbal memory, but inferior to them in executive function. Furthermore, applying the U.S. norms of the BACS to determine the performance of the Chinese BACS results in bias with regard to verbal memory, token motor test, verbal fluency, symbol coding, Tower of London, and composite score.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that directly applying Western cognitive norms to a Mandarin-speaking population can cause biased interpretations. The results of the current study can be an important reference for clinical settings and research related to cognitive assessments in Mandarin-speaking Chinese populations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals School Bullying Victimization and Emotional Problems in Relation to Sexual Orientation Among High School Students in China：A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengsi Yang ◽  
Fang Wu ◽  
Qianwen Liu ◽  
Zhengmin Yang ◽  
Xin Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background：School bullying has become a global concern for the public as well as a fierce battlefield for educational psychologists. And sexual minority youth (SMY) may experience minority stress, a chronic form of stress engendered by negative social experiences such as stigmatization, that is known to impact adversely mental health and well-being. Under the specific cultural background of China, few scholars associate sexual orientation with campus bullying, as well as depression and anxiety symptoms. But in fact, China's sexual minority adolescences face no less difficulties than any sexual minority in the world.Methods：From April to July 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among senior high school students in Hunan Province, China. A total of 3934 subjects were investigated by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Traditional bullying victimization was surveyed via the suffering subscale of Chinese version of Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ). Cyber school bullying was surveyed via a question. The Chinese version of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Chinese version of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were used to screen depression and anxiety symptoms of participants. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between sexual orientation and types of bullying victimization , depression and anxiety symptoms.Results：Bisexuality accounted for the highest proportion of victims of traditional bullying only and cyber bullying only, at 10.2% and 4.8%, respectively. Homosexuality accounts for the highest proportion of combined bullying, at 18.2%. Homosexuality(OR: 5.833; 95% CI: 3.045 to 11.176), bisexuality(OR: 2.831; 95% CI: 1.354 to 5.923)and uncertainty of sexual orientation(OR: 2.206; 95% CI: 1.435 to 3.392) were significantly associated with combined bullying. The bisexual group has the highest rate of depression(40.1%) and anxiety(38.1%) symptoms. Compared to heterosexual group, bisexual group has the highest risk of depression(OR: 2.349; 95% CI: 1.664 to 3.316) and anxiety(OR: 3.049; 95% CI: 2.150 to 4.324) symptoms.Conclusions: Homosexuals are at the greatest risk of becoming victims of double bullying(traditional bullying and cyberbullying)and bisexuals are at the greatest risk of depression and anxiety symptoms.

Multiple Mini-interviews for Medical Students’ Admissions: Students and Faculty Perceptions on Acceptability and Feasibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3294-3298
Author(s):  
Gulfreen Waheed ◽  
Sadia Zia ◽  
Yasir Ali Bhatti ◽  
Mavrah Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Saad Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Faculty Perceptions ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Admission Process ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the multiple mini interviews for selecting medical students for admission in a medical institution. Methods: The current cross-sectional descriptive study is a 12-item questionnaire-based survey with a four-point Likert scale to record the anonymous responses of the candidate students’ and the interviewer faculty perceptions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data quantitatively with IBM SPSS Version 25. The study evaluated the acceptability and feasibility of the utility of multiple mini-interviews (MMIs) as an assessment tool for the medical students’ selection in the admission process at Avicenna Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan. Results: A total of 438 candidate students and 42 interviewer/assessor faculty members participated in the study. Most of the candidate students (92.2%) of candidates and 97.6% of interviewer faculty regarded MMIs better than the traditional interviews for the selection of medical students. Further, 99.4% of candidate students and 97.6% of interviewer faculty were satisfied with the MMI process’s general arrangements. Finally, a hundred percent interviewer faculty and 96.8% of candidate students perceived MMIs as a feasible assessment tool for the admission process of the medical institutions. Conclusion: The overall positive responses of the candidate students and the interviewer faculty for the acceptability and feasibility of the MMI process as an assessment tool in the admission process to select medical students provide evidence for future research on the use of MMIs. In addition, other medical institutions can adapt or modify the MMI process per the available finances and resources within their local settings. Keywords: Multiple mini-interviews, Medical college admission process, acceptability, feasibility.

Exploring Genetic Literacy in a Small Hispanic Population

2020 ◽  
pp. 104365962093812
Author(s):  
Kimberly Subasic ◽  
Rebecca Kronk ◽  
Andrea Mantione ◽  
Maria Vital
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Literacy Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genetic Literacy ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Social Decisions ◽  
Back Translation

Introduction: Genetic literacy recognizes one’s ability to gather, understand, and apply genomic information to make informed health care choices and social decisions. A limited understanding of genomic literacy carries the potential for poor health outcomes. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the usefulness of an assessment tool to ascertain genetic literacy in a small Hispanic clinic population. Methodology: Mixed-method, cross-sectional pilot study requiring forward-back translation of an established questionnaire. Twenty Spanish-speaking adults were recruited through purposive and convenience sampling. Results: Forward–back translation provided a comparable questionnaire. Participants indicated information was relevant. Qualitative feedback uncovered regional differences. Quantitative results reported descriptive statistics, frequencies, and Cronbach alphas. Discussion: Findings from this study reveal the need for genetic literacy assessment tools that are attuned to the linguistic, ethnic, and cultural differences within the Hispanic population.

scholarly journals Medical Careers and Motherhood: A Cross-Sectional Study of Hispanic Female Physicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4s) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lopez-Leon ◽  
Cipatli Ayuzo Del Valle ◽  
Alejandra Huante Salceda ◽  
Luz Odette Villegas-Pichardo ◽  
Emil Scosyrev
Keyword(s):  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Specialty Choice ◽  
Female Physicians ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Medical Careers ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Female Surgeons

ABSTRACT Background One factor many women consider when choosing a medical specialty is the plan to have children and the compatibility of their chosen specialty with motherhood. Objective We surveyed Hispanic female physicians who are mothers to collect demographic information, specialty choice, childbearing, and professional and personal life characteristics, along with respondents' suggestions for female physicians who want to start a family, and how hospitals and medical institutions could enhance their support of female medical staff members with children. Methods The questionnaire was fielded on an online forum for Hispanic female physicians who are mothers. We summarized data by frequency and percentages, and means and standard deviations. Results Common medical specialties of respondents included pediatrics, family medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology, and 19% did not report a medical specialty. Most respondents were married (72%), had 1 or 2 children (89%), and worked at a public hospital 5 days a week (51%). Forty-four percent reported they slept 6 or more hours a night. Differences among specialties included dermatologists, radiologists, and gynecologists reporting working more than other specialties (6 to 7 days a week), psychiatrists reporting greater use of psychiatric medications, and anesthesiologists reporting lower rates of marriage. Female surgeons and emergency medicine physicians reported the highest consumption of alcohol. Conclusions The results offer initial insights into how medical specialty choice may affect female physicians' work-life balance and can be used to provide guidance to female learners who plan to have a family.

scholarly journals College Students Responding to the Chinese version of Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale Show Deficiencies in Their Awareness: A cross-sectional survey in Hunan, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Zhou ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yanhui Cui ◽  
Mingzhu Chen ◽  
Jingxia Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Fertility Intention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correct Score ◽  
Knowledge Scale

Abstract Background: The worldwide total fertility rate has declined, and the age pattern of childbearing and marriage has changed markedly. This trend has affected the social and economic development, especially fertility health. Previous studies indicated that incorrect perceptions of fertility can influence the fertility choice, and postponing parenthood is associated with an increase risk of higher maternal age in direction of more pregnancy-related complications. However, little is known in China, which has a low total fertility rate. Hence, understanding the knowledge about fertility is greatly needed. The aim was to investigate the knowledge about fertility issues among college students, the related influence factors, the way of acquiring fertility knowledge, the relationship between fertility knowledge and fertility intention. Methods : An online cross-sectional survey among Chinese college students was conducted in Hunan province from March to April in 2018. A total of 867 college students from three comprehensive universities responded to a poster invitation utilizing the Chinese version of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale (CFKS-C). Results: The average percent correct score on the CFKS-C was 49.86% (SD=20.817), with greater knowledge significantly related to living in a city district, currently having a stable relationship, majoring in medicine/health, the year 4 or above of study, and intention to have children (all p ＜0.05). The lowest score was “having a healthy lifestyle makes you fertile (false)”, the highest score was “a woman is less fertile after the age of 36 years (true)”. And then, 81.88% participants said that they would like to have children, the average score of the importance of childbearing was 6.34 (SD=2.714), female’s score was lower than male’s ( p =0.001). A small positive relationship was observed between the CFKS-C and the importance of childbearing ( r =0.074, p =0.035). Respondents said they gained most of their knowledge from the media and internet (41.36%) and schools (38.25%). Conclusion: The college students have a modest level of fertility knowledge, a relatively low intention to have a child, and deficiencies in fertility health education. Key words: Fertility knowledge; Fertility intention; Childbearing; College students; Awareness;

scholarly journals College Students Responding to the Chinese version of Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale Show Deficiencies in Their Awareness: A cross-sectional survey in Hunan, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Zhou ◽  
Yang Luo ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yanhui Cui ◽  
Mingzhu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percent Correct ◽  
Stable Relationship ◽  
Correct Score ◽  
Knowledge Scale

Abstract Background: Fertility knowledge is vital to the fertility health of young people and greatly impacts their fertility choices. Delayed childbearing has been increasing in high-income countries, accompanied by the risk of involuntary childlessness or having fewer children than desired. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge about fertility issues, the related influencing factors, the method of acquiring fertility knowledge, and the relationship between fertility knowledge and fertility intentions among college students. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of Chinese college students was conducted in Hunan Province from March to April 2018. A total of 867 college students from three comprehensive universities responded to a poster invitation utilizing the Chinese version of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale (CFKS-C). Data were explored and analysed by SPSS (version 22.0) software. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, T-tests, and Pearson’s correlations were used for the measurements. Results: The average percent-correct score on the CFKS-C was 49.9% (SD=20.8), with greater knowledge significantly related to living in a city district, currently having a stable relationship, majoring in medicine/health, being in year 4 or above of study, and intention to have children (all p＜0.05). A total of 81.9% of the participants reported that they would like to have children, the average score of the importance of childbearing was 6.3 (SD=2.7), and the female score was lower than the male score (p=0.001). A small positive relationship was observed between the CFKS-C and the importance of childbearing (r=0.074, p=0.035). Respondents indicated that they gained most of their knowledge from the media and internet (41.4%) and from schools (38.2%). Conclusion: Yong people in college have a modest level of fertility knowledge, a relatively low intention to have a child, and deficiencies in fertility health education. There is a need to improve the accessibility of fertility health services by developing a scientific and reliable fertility health promotion strategy. Key words: Fertility knowledge; Fertility intention; Childbearing; College students;

scholarly journals Prevalence of Self-medication Practices for Oral Health Problems among Dental Patients in a dental college: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (224) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina Bhattarai ◽  
Sunita Khanal ◽  
Sujita Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Back Translation

Introduction: Self-medication means the use of medications for the treatment of any disease ontheir own, without consulting any healthcare professional. At times self-medication can be usefulif practiced correctly by saving time and money, whereas disadvantages often occur due to lackof evaluation by trained medical professionals and delay ineffective treatment and can result inunnecessary expenses and drug dependence. This study was conducted to find out the self-medicationbehavior and its associated factors among patients visiting a dental hospital in Kathmandu. Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on 265 patients in Kantipur DentalCollege from December 2019 to January 2020 among the patients attending the dental Out PatientDepartment. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of KantipurDental College. A convenience sampling technique was used. Proformas were prepared in English,translated to Nepali and re-translated to English by the back-translation method. Data entry wasdone in Microsoft Excel and analysis in SPSS 20. Descriptive statistics was done. Results: The prevalence of self-medication practice was found to be 166 (62.6%). Out of totalparticipants, 99 (59.6%) consumed medicines for few days only and the most common triggeringfactor was found to be toothache in 101 (60.8%) participants. The most common reason for selfmedication was found to be a previous experience of treating similar illnesses. Conclusions: The prevalence of self-medication was found to be low as compared to the study donein similar settings. Self-medication practice is a sensitive issue that hasn’t been given the requiredconsideration. 

scholarly journals College Students Responding to the Chinese version of Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale Show Deficiencies in Their Awareness: A cross-sectional survey in Hunan, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Zhou ◽  
Yang Luo ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yanhui Cui ◽  
Mingzhu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Percent Correct ◽  
Correct Score ◽  
Knowledge Scale

Abstract Background: Fertility knowledge is vital to the fertility health of young people and greatly impacts their fertility choices. Delayed childbearing has been increasing in high-income countries, accompanied by the risk of involuntary childlessness or having fewer children than desired. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge about fertility issues, the related influencing factors, the method of acquiring fertility knowledge, and the relationship between fertility knowledge and fertility intentions among college students. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of Chinese college students was conducted in Hunan Province from March to April 2018. A total of 867 college students from three comprehensive universities responded to a poster invitation utilizing the Chinese version of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale (CFKS-C). Data were explored and analysed by SPSS (version 22.0) software. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, T-tests, and Pearson’s correlations were used for the measurements. Results: The average percent-correct score on the CFKS-C was 49.9% (SD=20.8), with greater knowledge significantly related to living in a city district, being not single status, majoring in medicine, being in year 4 or above of study, and intention to have children (all p＜0.05). A total of 81.9% of the participants reported that they would like to have children, the average score of the importance of childbearing was 6.3 (SD=2.7), and the female score was lower than the male score (p=0.001). A small positive relationship was observed between the CFKS-C and the importance of childbearing (r=0.074, p=0.035). Respondents indicated that they gained most of their knowledge from the media and internet (41.4%) and from schools (38.2%). Conclusion: Yong people in college have a modest level of fertility knowledge, a relatively low intention to have a child, and deficiencies in fertility health education. There is a need to improve the accessibility of fertility health services by developing a scientific and reliable fertility health promotion strategy.

The association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of central obesity in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 535-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi ◽  
Mahdi Vajdi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Obesity Indices

Abstract. Backgrounds: Central obesity, as a pivotal component of metabolic syndrome is associated with numerous co-morbidities. Dietary factors influence central obesity by increased inflammatory status. However, recent studies didn’t evaluate the association between central obesity and dietary inflammation index (DII®) that give score to dietary factors according to their inflammatory potential. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the studies that investigated the association between DII® with central obesity indices in the general populations. Methods: In a systematic search from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences and Cochrane electronic databases, we collected relevant studies written in English and published until 30 October 2019. The population of included studies were apparently healthy subjects or individuals with obesity or obesity-related diseases. Observational studies that evaluated the association between DII® and indices of central obesity including WC or WHR were included. Results: Totally thirty-two studies were included; thirty studies were cross-sectional and two were cohort studies with 103071 participants. Meta-analysis of observational studies showed that higher DII® scores were associated with 1.81 cm increase in WC (Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.813; CI: 0.785–2.841; p = 0.001). Also, a non-significant increase in the odds of having higher WC (OR = 1.162; CI: 0.95–1.43; p = 0.154) in the highest DII category was also observed. In subgroup analysis, the continent, dietary assessment tool and gender were the heterogeneity sources. Conclusion: The findings proposed that adherence to diets with high DII® scores was associated with increased WC. Further studies with interventional designs are necessary to elucidate the causality inference between DII® and central obesity indices.

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