Infective endocarditis according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status: an observational study in Spain, 2001–2015

Abstract Background The main aims of this study were to describe trends and outcomes during admission for infective endocarditis (IE) in people ≥ 40 years old with or without type 2 diabetes distributed in five time-periods (2001–2003; 2004–2006; 2007–2009; 2010–2012 and 2013–2015), using Spanish national hospital discharge data. Methods We estimated admission rates by diabetes status. We analyzed comorbidity, therapeutic procedures, and outcomes. We built Poisson regression models to compare the adjusted time-trends in admission rates. Type 2 diabetes cases were matched with controls using propensity score matching (PSM). We tested in-hospital mortality (IHM) in logistic regression analyses. Results We identified 16,626 hospitalizations in patients aged ≥ 40 years for IE in Spain, 2001–2015. The incidence of IE increased significantly from 6.0/100,000 per year to 13.1/100,000 per year (p < 0.001) in the population with type 2 diabetes, and from 3.9/100,000 per year to 5.5/100,000 per year (p < 0.001) in the population without diabetes, over the study period. The adjusted incidence of IE was 2.2-times higher among patients with diabetes than among those without diabetes (IRR = 2.2; 95% CI 2.1–2.3). People with type 2 diabetes less often underwent heart valve surgery than people without diabetes (13.9% vs. 17.3%; p < 0.001). Although IHM decreased significantly in both groups over time, it represented 20.8% of IE cases among diabetes patients and 19.9% among PSM matched controls (p = 0.337). Type 2 diabetes was not associated with a higher IHM in people admitted to the hospital for IE (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 0.9–1.2). Conclusion Incidence rates of IE in Spain, among those with and without T2DM, have increased during the period 2001–2015 with significantly higher incidence rates in the T2DM population. In our population based study and after PSM we found that T2DM was not a predictor of IHM in IE.

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Observational study of vascular dementia in the Spanish elderly population according to type 2 diabetes status: trends in incidence, characteristics and outcomes (2004-2013)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016390 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. e016390 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nuria Muñoz-Rivas ◽

Manuel Méndez-Bailón ◽

José M de Miguel-Yanes ◽

Valentín Hernández-Barrera ◽

Javier de Miguel-Díez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Discharge Data ◽

Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽

Diabetes Status

ObjectivesTo examine trends overtime in the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of vascular dementia (VaD) hospitalisations in patients aged 70 years or over suffering and not suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between 2004 and 2013 in Spain.DesignRetrospective study.SettingSpain.ParticipantsNational hospital discharge data were used; patients aged ≥70, discharged from a hospital with VaD as a primary diagnosis, were selected.Main outcome measuresOverall incidence, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, comorbidities, infectious complications, duration of hospital stays and in-hospital mortality (IHM).ResultsIn total, 170 607 admissions for VaD (34.3% with T2DM) were identified. We found a significant upward linear trend in the incidence of VaD for men and women with and without diabetes between 2004 and 2013. The adjusted incidence was higher among people with T2DM over the study period. We found a higher incidence in men than women in all years under study. A positive association between T2DM and VaD hospitalisation was found among both men (IRR 2.14, 95% CI 2.11 to 2.16) and women (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 2.22; 95% CI 2.19 to 2.25). Pneumonia was significantly associated with a higher mortality (OR 2.59, 95% CI 2.52 to 2.67). We found that percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was associated with lower IHM (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.45), while parenteral nutrition had the opposite effect (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.41). There was no association between diabetes and higher IHM (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.06). The time-trend analyses of the entire sample showed a significant reduction in mortality in patients with VaD (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99).ConclusionsIncidence rates for VaD hospitalisations were twice as high in patients with diabetes compared with those without. Men had significantly higher incidence rates than women, regardless of diabetes status. In both groups studied, pneumonia and parenteral nutrition were associated with mortality while percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was associated with survival. Having diabetes was not associated with higher IHM after hospitalisation with VaD.

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Prevalence, incidence and mortality of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Denmark 1996–2016

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e001071 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bendix Carstensen ◽

Pernille Falberg Rønn ◽

Marit Eika Jørgensen

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Mortality Ratio

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to give an overview of prevalence, incidence and mortality of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Denmark, and their temporal trends.Research design and methodsWe constructed a diabetes register from existing population-based healthcare registers, including a classification of patients as T1D or T2D, with coverage from 1996 to 2016. Using complete population records for Denmark, we derived prevalence, incidence, mortality and standardized mortality ratio (SMR).ResultsThe overall prevalence of diabetes at 2016 was 0.5% for T1D and 4.4% for T2D, with annual increases since 1996 of 0.5% for T1D and 5.5% for T2D. Incidence rates of T1D decreased by 3.5% per year, with increase for persons under 25 years of age and a decrease for older persons. T2D incidence increased 2.5% per year until 2011, decreased until 2014 and increased after that, similar in all ages. The annual decrease in mortality was 0.3% for T1D and 2.9% for T2D. The mortality rate ratio between T1D and T2D was 1.9 for men and 1.6 for women. SMR decreased annually 2% for T1D and 0.5% for T2D.ConclusionsIncidence and prevalence of diabetes is increasing, but mortality among patients with diabetes in Denmark is decreasing faster than the mortality among persons without diabetes. T1D carries a 70% higher mortality than T2D.

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Cohort profile: the Funen Diabetes Database—a population-based cohort of patients with diabetes in Denmark

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035492 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e035492

Author(s):

Kasper Adelborg ◽

Péter Szentkúti ◽

Jan Erik Henriksen ◽

Reimar Wernich Thomsen ◽

Lars Pedersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Population Based ◽

Haemoglobin A1c ◽

Patients With Diabetes

PurposeDetailed population-based data are essential to understanding the epidemiology of diabetes and its clinical course. This article describes the Funen Diabetes Database (FDDB). The purpose of the FDDB was to serve as a shared electronic medical record system for healthcare professionals treating patients with diabetes. The cohort can also be used for research.ParticipantsThe FDDB covers a geographical area of almost 500 000 Danish inhabitants. It currently includes 3691 patients with type 1 diabetes, 19 085 patients with type 2 diabetes, 292 patients with other types of diabetes and 5992 patients with an unknown type of diabetes. Patients have been continuously enrolled from general practitioners and endocrinology departments in the Funen area in Denmark since 2003. Patients undergo a clinical work-up at their first diabetes contact and during follow-up visits. The information collected includes type of diabetes contact, blood pressure, height, weight, lifestyle factors (smoking, exercise), laboratory records (eg, haemoglobin A1c and cholesterol levels), results from foot examinations (eg, pulse, cutaneous sensitivity and ankle brachial index), results from eye examinations (eg, degree of retinopathy assessed by retinal photo and eye examination), glucose-lowering drugs and diabetic complications.Findings to dateThe FDDB cohort was followed for a total of 212 234 person-years up to 2016. A cross-sectional study described the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated risk factors. The clinical outcomes of patients with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults have been assessed. Linkage to population-based medical registries with complete follow-up has enabled the collection of extensive continuous data on general practice contacts, diagnoses and procedures from hospital contacts, medication use and mortality.Future plansThe FDDB serves as a strong data resource that will be used in future studies of diabetes epidemiology with focus on occurrence, risk factors, treatment, complications and prognosis.

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Impact of HCV infection and ethnicity on incident type 2 diabetes: findings from a large population-based cohort in British Columbia

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e002145

Author(s):

Dahn Jeong ◽

Mohammad Ehsanul Karim ◽

Stanley Wong ◽

James Wilton ◽

Zahid Ahmad Butt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

South Asians ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

East Asians ◽

Incident Type

IntroductionIncreasing evidence indicates that chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with higher risk of diabetes. Previous studies showed ethnic disparities in the disease burden of diabetes, with increased risk in Asian population. We described the incidence of type 2 diabetes related to HCV infection and assessed the concurrent impact of HCV infection and ethnicity on the risk of diabetes.Research design and methodsIn British Columbia Hepatitis Testers Cohort, individuals were followed from HCV diagnosis to the earliest of (1) incident type 2 diabetes, (2) death or (3) end of the study (December 31, 2015). Study population included 847 021 people. Diabetes incidence rates in people with and without HCV were computed. Propensity scores (PS) analysis was used to assess the impact of HCV infection on newly acquired diabetes. PS-matched dataset included 117 184 people. We used Fine and Gray multivariable subdistributional hazards models to assess the effect of HCV and ethnicity on diabetes while adjusting for confounders and competing risks.ResultsDiabetes incidence rates were higher among people with HCV infection than those without. The highest diabetes incidence rate was in South Asians with HCV (14.7/1000 person-years, 95% CI 12.87 to 16.78). Compared with Others, South Asians with and without HCV and East Asians with HCV had a greater risk of diabetes. In the multivariable stratified analysis, HCV infection was associated with increased diabetes risk in all subgroups: East Asians, adjusted HR (aHR) 3.07 (95% CI 2.43 to 3.88); South Asians, aHR 2.62 (95% CI 2.10 to 3.26); and Others, aHR 2.28 (95% CI 2.15 to 2.42).ConclusionsIn a large population-based linked administrative health data, HCV infection was associated with higher diabetes risk, with a greater relative impact in East Asians. South Asians had the highest risk of diabetes. These findings highlight the need for care and screening for HCV-related chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes among people affected by HCV.

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Ethnic differences in mortality and hospital admission rates between Māori, Pacific, and European New Zealanders with type 2 diabetes between 1994 and 2018: a retrospective, population-based, longitudinal cohort study

The Lancet Global Health ◽

10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30412-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dahai Yu ◽

Zhanzheng Zhao ◽

Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu ◽

Karen Pickering ◽

John Baker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Ethnic Differences ◽

Population Based ◽

Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽

Longitudinal Cohort ◽

Admission Rates ◽

New Zealanders

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Diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes

Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine ◽

10.37586/2686-8636-2-2020-159-164 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 159-164

Author(s):

N. V. Brailova ◽

E. N. Dudinskaya ◽

L. V. Machekhina ◽

O. N. Tkacheva

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Trabecular Bone Score ◽

Bone Microarchitecture ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽

Diabetes Status ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Selection Of

Osteoporosis, falls and low-energy fractures have a high prevalence in elderly, which is increasing in the presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). Patients with T2DM have a low rate of bone metabolism, a pronounced change in bone microarchitecture. The use of trabecular bone score in evaluating of densitometry and the FRAX scale improves the sensitivity of the methods in patients with diabetes. Integrated approach is required in elderly patient with type 2 diabetes and includes assessment of geriatric status, diabetes status, correction of multiple complications of diabetes, carbohydrate metabolism, vitamin D deficiency, selection of the most effective hypoglycemic and anti-osteoporetic therapy and development of preventive and treatment methods aimed to reduce falls risk and fractures rate.

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Stuttering and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Study of 2.2 Million Adolescents

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa988 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Avishai M Tsur ◽

Shir Hershkovich ◽

Inbar Zucker ◽

Miri Lutski ◽

Orit Pinhas-Hamiel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Military Service ◽

Reference Group ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Incident Type ◽

Diabetes Status ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract Purpose To investigate the association between stuttering in adolescence and incident type 2 diabetes in young adulthood. Methods This nationwide population-based study included 2 193 855 adolescents of age 16 to 20 years who were assessed for military service between 1980 and 2013. Diagnoses of stuttering in adolescence were confirmed by a speech-language pathologist. Diabetes status for each individual as of December 31, 2016, was determined by linkage to the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Relationships were analyzed using regression models adjusted for socioeconomic variables, cognitive performance, coexisting morbidities, and adolescent body mass index. Results Analysis was stratified by sex (Pinteraction = 0.035). Of the 4443 (0.4%) adolescent men with stuttering, 162 (3.7%) developed type 2 diabetes, compared with 25 678 (2.1%) men without stuttering (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.6). This relationship persisted when unaffected brothers of men with stuttering were used as the reference group (adjusted OR = 1.5; 95% CI, 1.01-2.2), or when the analysis included only adolescents with unimpaired health at baseline (adjusted OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7). The association was stronger in later birth cohorts, with an adjusted OR of 2.4 (1.4-4.1) for cases of type 2 diabetes before age 40. Of the 503 (0.1%) adolescent women with stuttering 7 (1.4%) developed type 2 diabetes, compared with 10 139 (1.1%) women without stuttering (OR = 2.03; 95% CI, 0.48-2.20). Conclusions Adolescent stuttering is associated with an increased risk for early-onset type 2 diabetes among men.

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Screening for Type 2 Diabetes – The ADDITION Netherlands Study

European Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/ee.2009.05.00.32 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 05 (0) ◽

pp. 32 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guy EHM Rutten ◽

Paul GH Janssen ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

General Practice ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Population Based ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Dutch Study ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

One Year ◽

Event Rates

To investigate whether early treatment of screening-detected diabetic patients is beneficial, the Anglo–Danish–Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care (ADDITION) has been initiated. A total of 56,978 subjects 50–70 years of age without diabetes from 79 general practices in The Netherlands were invited to participate in a stepwise screening programme. Five hundred and eighty-six participants (1.0%) were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The score on the initial risk questionnaire was higher if glucose metabolism was more disturbed. The yield of screening varied widely between practices. A lower yield was not associated with an appropriate practice organisation regarding diabetes care, nor with a speciality of the GP in diabetes. Opportunistic screening in general practice seems preferable to population-based screening. Intensified multifactorial treatment of patients with screening-detected type 2 diabetes in general practice reduced the cardiovascular risk factor levels significantly after just one year without worsening healthrelated quality of life. After three years of follow-up, screened participants without diabetes but with an elevated risk score had comparable cardiovascular event rates to patients with diabetes. Screened individuals without diabetes are at risk of lacking optimal control of cardiovascular risk factors.

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Type 2 Diabetes as a Predictor of Muscle Strength Decline over 11 years among Men and Women Aged 55 Years and Older

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000518268 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Kristina Tiainen ◽

Jani Raitanen ◽

Timo Strandberg ◽

Seppo Koskinen ◽

Sari Stenholm

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Population Based ◽

Diabetes Group ◽

Men And Women ◽

Diabetes Status ◽

Study Population

Background: Long-term associations between type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and muscle strength are obscure in older adults. The aim of this study was to examine type 2 diabetes as a predictor of handgrip strength decline during an 11-year follow-up among men and women aged 55 years. Methods: We used Finnish population-based Health 2000 Survey and its follow-up measurements in 2011. The study population consisted of 1,200 individuals, aged 55–86 years at baseline. Baseline fasting glucose level or use of diabetes medication was used to categorize the participants into diabetes (≥7.0 mmol/L), prediabetes (≥6.1 mmol/L but <7.0 mmol/L), and nondiabetes (<6.1 mmol/L) groups. Handgrip strength was measured at baseline and during 11-year follow-up. Results: Mean handgrip strength at baseline did not differ between diabetes groups in men or women. Among men during the 11-year follow-up, decline in muscle strength was significantly greater among diabetes group (−131.5 Newtons [N], 95% confidence interval (CI) −182.7 to −80.4) than nondiabetes group (−98.9 N, 95% CI −139.5 to −58.3) after adjusting for age, education, lifestyle factors, chronic conditions, and diabetes status at follow-up. Among women, muscle strength decline did not differ between diabetes, prediabetes, or nondiabetes groups after adjusting for all potential covariates, the results being −45.0 N (95% CI −73.2 to −16.7), −29.4 N (95% CI −59.7 to 0.9), and −42.3 N (95% CI −70.5 to −14.1), respectively. Conclusions: The presence of type 2 diabetes was associated with greater muscle strength decline among older men but not among older women.

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