Association between biomass fuel use and the risk of cognitive impairment among older populations in China: a population-based cohort study

Abstract Background Cohort studies on the impact of biomass fuel use for cooking on cognitive impairment among older population are still lacking in China and elsewhere. The aim of this study was to examine whether biomass fuel use for cooking is associated with cognitive impairment in Chinese adults aged 65 years or older. Methods The prospective population-based cohort study of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) included participants aged 65 years or older in 2014 who were followed-up until 2018 in 23 provinces in China. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function, and cognitive impairment was defined as total MMSE scores less than 18. The association between biomass fuel use and cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results Of the 4145 participants included at baseline, participants who reported that they used biomass fuel for cooking (40.43%; IR: 3.11 versus 2.77 per 100 person-years; aHR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02–1.58) had a higher risk of cognitive impairment compared with participants who used clean fuels (53.75%). A stratified analyses showed greater effect estimates of cognitive impairment in the older people that lived in the rural areas (aHR: 1.444, 95% CI: 1.08–3.90) and never smoked (aHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04–1.71). Conclusions These findings demonstrated that biomass fuel used for cooking was associated with cognitive impairment, as defined by MMSE, in a population-based study of elderly in China. To prevent cognitive impairment, the structure of cooking fuels requires improvements.

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Abstract P390: Relationship between BMI and Risk of Hypertension in an urban Japanese cohort study: the Suita study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p390 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Michikazu Nakai ◽

Makoto Watanabe ◽

Kunihiro Nishimura ◽

Misa Takegami ◽

Yoshihiro Kokubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Men And Women ◽

Japanese Cohort ◽

Hazards Model ◽

Increased Risk

Objective: The positive relation between body mass index (BMI) and risk of incident hypertension (HT) has been reported mainly in the Western subjects with high BMI. However, there are a few reports in the Asian with relatively lower BMI. This study investigated the relation of BMI with risk of incident HT in the population-based prospective cohort study of Japan, the Suita study. Methods: Participants who had no HT at baseline (1,591 men and 1,973 women) aged 30-84 years were included in this study. BMI categories were defined as following: underweight (BMI<18.5), normal (18.5≤BMI<25.0), and overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of BMI categories for incident HT by sex. HRs were adjusted for age, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. The HRs according to quartiles of BMI were also estimated, using the lowest quartile of BMI as a reference. Results: During median follow-up of 7.2 years, 1,325 participants (640 men and 685 women) developed HT. The HR (95% CI) of 1kg/m2 increment of BMI for HT in men and women was 1.08 (1.05-1.11) and 1.10 (1.07-1.12), respectively. When we set a normal BMI as a reference, HR of overweight BMI in men and women was 1.37 (1.13-1.67) and 1.45 (1.18-1.77), whereas HR of underweight BMI in men and women was 0.63 (0.45-0.90) and 0.60 (0.45-0.80), respectively. In addition, compared to the lowest quartile, HR of the highest quartile of BMI in men and women was 1.67 (1.33-2.10, trend p<0.001) and 2.10 (1.67-2.64, trend p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: In this study, we showed that higher BMI was associated with increased risk of hypertension in both Japanese men and women.

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Antidepressant Use in Siblings of Children With Cancer: A Danish Population-Based Cohort Study

JNCI Cancer Spectrum ◽

10.1093/jncics/pkaa046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Lasse Wegener Lund ◽

Jeanette Falck Winther ◽

Luise Cederkvist ◽

Catherine Rechnitzer ◽

Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Children With Cancer ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Antidepressant Use

Abstract Siblings of children with cancer experience severe stress early in life. Most studies of mental health problems in these siblings are limited by being small, cross-sectional, or self-reporting. In a population-based cohort study, we investigated the risk for antidepressant use by linking several nationwide, population-based registries comparing 6644 siblings of children diagnosed with cancer from 1991-2009 with 128 436 population-based sibling comparisons using the Cox proportional hazards model. Irrespective of cancer type, no increased risk of antidepressant use in siblings of children with cancer was found (hazard ratio = 1.00, 95% confidence interval = 0.91 to 1.11). However, data suggested that siblings being young at cancer diagnosis had an increased risk (2-sided Ptrend = .01). Interaction analyses showed no modifying effect of parental socioeconomic position or antidepressant use. Findings from this study with a very low risk of bias are reassuring and important for families facing childhood cancer and for clinicians counseling these families.

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Cause-Specific Survival for Women Diagnosed With Cancer During Pregnancy or Lactation: A Registry-Based Cohort Study

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2008.17.4110 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 272

Author(s):

Hanne Stensheim ◽

Bjørn Møller ◽

Tini van Dijk ◽

Sophie D. Fosså

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Birth Registry ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Cause Specific Survival

Purpose To assess if cancers diagnosed during pregnancy or lactation are associated with increased risk of cause-specific death. Patients and Methods In this population-based cohort study using data from the Cancer Registry and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 42,511 women, age 16 to 49 years and diagnosed with cancer from 1967 to 2002, were eligible. They were grouped as not pregnant (reference), pregnant, or lactating at diagnosis. Cause-specific survival for all sites combined, and for the most frequent malignancies, was investigated using a Cox proportional hazards model. An additional analysis with time-dependent covariates was performed for comparison of women with and without a postcancer pregnancy. The multivariate analyses were adjusted for age at diagnosis, extent of disease, and diagnostic periods. Results For all sites combined, no intergroup differences in cause-specific death were seen, with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.22) and HR 1.02 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.22) for the pregnant and lactating groups, respectively. Patients with breast (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.78) and ovarian cancer (HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.05 to 4.73) diagnosed during lactation had an increased risk of cause-specific death. Diagnosis of malignant melanoma during pregnancy slightly increased this risk. For all sites combined, the risk of cause-specific death was significantly decreased for women who had postcancer pregnancies. Conclusion In general, the diagnosis of most cancer types during pregnancy or lactation does not increase the risk of cause-specific death. Breast and ovarian cancer diagnosed during lactation represents an exception. We confirmed the “healthy mother effect” for women with a postcancer pregnancy.

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Atherosclerosis as a Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v104.11.2584.2584 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 2584-2584 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tanya M. Petterson ◽

Yoram Agmon ◽

Irene Meissner ◽

Bijoy K. Khandheria ◽

John A. Heit

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Aortic Atherosclerosis ◽

Olmsted County ◽

Free Survival ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract While atherosclerosis has been suggested as a risk factor for VTE, previously identified mechanisms for atherosclerosis and VTE differ dramatically. Objectives: To compare (a) VTE-free survival and (b) observed vs. expected number of VTE events, among adult patients with and without aortic atherosclerosis. Design/Setting: Population-based prospective cohort study in Olmsted County, MN. Patients: Age- and sex-stratified random sample of the adult (≥45 years old) Olmsted County population identified over the three-year period, 1993–1995 (n=573), performed as part of the Stroke Prevention: Assessment of Risk in the Community (SPARC) study. Measurements: The SPARC study included a baseline clinical evaluation (interviews, review of medical records), blood pressure measurements, blood sampling, and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The Risk Factors for VTE in the Community study identified all incident VTE among Olmsted County residents over the 32-year period, 1966–1997, from which expected VTE events by age and sex were calculated. Results: Over 2830 person-years of follow-up, 12 SPARC patients developed VTE (7 idiopathic). The 4-year VTE-free survival was 99% and 98% for those with and those without any TEE-detected aortic atherosclerosis. Adjusting for age in a Cox proportional hazards model, lack of aortic atherosclerosis was significantly associated with subsequent VTE (p=0.01). Among the 276 patients without atherosclerosis observed for 1423 person-years, 7 VTE were observed compared to 2.6 expected (RR=2.7, 95%CI: 1.1, 5.6). Among the 291 patients with atherosclerosis (plaque ≥2mm), 4 VTE were observed compared to 5.8 expected (RR=0.7, 95%CI: 0.2, 1.8). Conclusions: Atherosclerosis is not a risk factor for incident VTE.

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Maternal migraine and the risk of psychiatric disorders in offspring: a population-based cohort study

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences ◽

10.1017/s2045796021000421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

Author(s):

H. Wang ◽

H. He ◽

M. Miao ◽

Y. Yu ◽

H. Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Somatoform Disorders ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Aims Maternal migraine may contribute to mental heath problems in offspring but empirical evidence has been available only for bipolar disorders. Our objective was to examine the association between maternal migraine and the risk of any and specific psychiatric disorders in offspring. Methods This population-based cohort study used individual-level linked Danish national health registers. Participants were all live-born singletons in Denmark during 1978–2012 (n = 2 069 785). Follow-up began at birth and continued until the onset of a psychiatric disorder, death, emigration or 31 December 2016, whichever came first. Cox proportional hazards model was employed to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of psychiatric disorders. Results Maternal migraine was associated with a 26% increased risk of any psychiatric disorders in offspring [HR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22–1.30]. Increased rates of psychiatric disorders were seen in all age groups from childhood to early adulthood. Increased rates were also observed for most of the specific psychiatric disorders, in particular, mood disorders (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.39–1.67), neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.37–1.52) and specific personality disorders (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.27–1.70), but not for intellectual disability (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71–1.00) or eating disorders (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.93–1.29). The highest risk was seen in the offspring of mothers with migraine and comorbid psychiatric disorders (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.99–2.28). Conclusions Maternal migraine was associated with increased risks of a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders in offspring. Given the high prevalence of migraine, our findings highlight the importance of better management of maternal migraine at childbearing ages for early prevention of psychiatric disorders in offspring.

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Age at Exposure to Parental Suicide and the Subsequent Risk of Suicide in Young People

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000468 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 27-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kuan-Ying Lee ◽

Chung-Yi Li ◽

Kun-Chia Chang ◽

Tsung-Hsueh Lu ◽

Ying-Yeh Chen

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Birth Registry ◽

Data Set ◽

Parental Suicide ◽

The Impact ◽

Age At Exposure

Abstract. Background: We investigated the age at exposure to parental suicide and the risk of subsequent suicide completion in young people. The impact of parental and offspring sex was also examined. Method: Using a cohort study design, we linked Taiwan's Birth Registry (1978–1997) with Taiwan's Death Registry (1985–2009) and identified 40,249 children who had experienced maternal suicide (n = 14,431), paternal suicide (n = 26,887), or the suicide of both parents (n = 281). Each exposed child was matched to 10 children of the same sex and birth year whose parents were still alive. This yielded a total of 398,081 children for our non-exposed cohort. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the suicide risk of the exposed and non-exposed groups. Results: Compared with the non-exposed group, offspring who were exposed to parental suicide were 3.91 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.10–4.92 more likely to die by suicide after adjusting for baseline characteristics. The risk of suicide seemed to be lower in older male offspring (HR = 3.94, 95% CI = 2.57–6.06), but higher in older female offspring (HR = 5.30, 95% CI = 3.05–9.22). Stratified analyses based on parental sex revealed similar patterns as the combined analysis. Limitations: As only register-based data were used, we were not able to explore the impact of variables not contained in the data set, such as the role of mental illness. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a prominent elevation in the risk of suicide among offspring who lost their parents to suicide. The risk elevation differed according to the sex of the afflicted offspring as well as to their age at exposure.

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Absence of Association between Previous Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection and Subsequent Myasthenia Gravis: A Nationwide Population-Based Matched Cohort Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147677 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7677

Author(s):

Kuan Chen ◽

James Cheng-Chung Wei ◽

Hei-Tung Yip ◽

Mei-Chia Chou ◽

Renin Chang

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Myasthenia Gravis ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Case Reports ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

The Impact

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is not only one of the most common pathogenic bacteria for respiratory infection but also a trigger for many autoimmune diseases. Its infection process shared many similarities with the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG) at cellular and cytokine levels. Recent case reports demonstrated patients present with MG after M. pneumoniae infection. However, no epidemiological studies ever looked into the association between the two. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between M. pneumoniae infection and subsequent development of MG. In this population-based retrospective cohort study, the risk of MG was analyzed in patients who were newly diagnosed with M. pneumoniae infection between 2000 and 2013. A total of 2428 M. pneumoniae patients were included and matched with the non-M. pneumoniae control cohort at a 1:4 ratio by age, sex, and index date. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was applied to analyze the risk of MG development after adjusting for sex, age, and comorbidities, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The incidence rates of MG in the non-M. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae cohorts were 0.96 and 1.97 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. Another case–control study of patients with MG (n = 515) was conducted to analyze the impact of M. pneumoniae on MG occurrence as a sensitivity analysis. The analysis yielded consistent absence of a link between M. pneumoniae and MG. Although previous studies have reported that M. pneumoniae infection and MG may share associated immunologic pathways, we found no statistical significance between M. pneumoniae infection and subsequent development of MG in this study.

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Regular Use of VKA Prior to COVID-19 Associated with Lower 7-Day Survival in Hospitalized Frail Elderly COVID-19 Patients: The GERIA-COVID Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Pierre Ménager ◽

Olivier Brière ◽

Jennifer Gautier ◽

Jérémie Riou ◽

Guillaume Sacco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Vitamin K ◽

Frail Elderly ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Survival Times ◽

Short Term Mortality

Background. Vitamin K concentrations are inversely associated with the clinical severity of COVID-19. The objective of this cohort study was to determine whether the regular use of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prior to COVID-19 was associated with short-term mortality in frail older adults hospitalized for COVID-19. Methods. Eighty-two patients consecutively hospitalized for COVID-19 in a geriatric acute care unit were included. The association of the regular use of VKA prior to COVID-19 with survival after 7 days of COVID-19 was examined using a propensity-score-weighted Cox proportional-hazards model accounting for age, sex, severe undernutrition, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, prior myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, prior stroke and/or transient ischemic attack, CHA2DS2-VASc score, HAS-BLED score, and eGFR. Results. Among 82 patients (mean ± SD age 88.8 ± 4.5 years; 48% women), 73 survived COVID-19 at day 7 while 9 died. There was no between-group difference at baseline, despite a trend for more frequent use of VKA in those who did not survive on day 7 (33.3% versus 8.2%, p = 0.056). While considering “using no VKA” as the reference (hazard ratio (HR) = 1), the HR for 7-day mortality in those regularly using VKA was 5.68 [95% CI: 1.17; 27.53]. Consistently, COVID-19 patients using VKA on a regular basis had shorter survival times than the others (p = 0.031). Conclusions. Regular use of VKA was associated with increased mortality at day 7 in hospitalized frail elderly patients with COVID-19.

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Inter-pregnancy interval and later pediatric cardiovascular health of the offspring – a population-based cohort study

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s2040174420001130 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Majdi Imterat ◽

Tamar Wainstock ◽

Eyal Sheiner ◽

Gali Pariente

Keyword(s):

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Hazards Model ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Inter Pregnancy Interval

Abstract Recent evidence suggests that a long inter-pregnancy interval (IPI: time interval between live birth and estimated time of conception of subsequent pregnancy) poses a risk for adverse short-term perinatal outcome. We aimed to study the effect of short (<6 months) and long (>60 months) IPI on long-term cardiovascular morbidity of the offspring. A population-based cohort study was performed in which all singleton live births in parturients with at least one previous birth were included. Hospitalizations of the offspring up to the age of 18 years involving cardiovascular diseases and according to IPI length were evaluated. Intermediate interval, between 6 and 60 months, was considered the reference. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to compare the cumulative morbidity incidence between the groups. Cox proportional hazards model was used to control for confounders. During the study period, 161,793 deliveries met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 14.1% (n = 22,851) occurred in parturient following a short IPI, 78.6% (n = 127,146) following an intermediate IPI, and 7.3% (n = 11,796) following a long IPI. Total hospitalizations of the offspring, involving cardiovascular morbidity, were comparable between the groups. The Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated similar cumulative incidences of cardiovascular morbidity in all groups. In a Cox proportional hazards model, short and long IPI did not appear as independent risk factors for later pediatric cardiovascular morbidity of the offspring (adjusted HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.80–1.18; adjusted HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.83–1.37, for short and long IPI, respectively). In our population, extreme IPIs do not appear to impact long-term cardiovascular hospitalizations of offspring.

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Associations between SARS-CoV-2 variants and risk of COVID-19 hospitalization among confirmed cases in Washington State: a retrospective cohort study

10.1101/2021.09.29.21264272 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Miguel I. Paredes ◽

Stephanie Lunn ◽

Michael Famulare ◽

Lauren A. Frisbie ◽

Ian Painter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Sentinel Surveillance ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Ancestral Lineage ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The COVID–19 pandemic is now dominated by variant lineages; the resulting impact on disease severity remains unclear. Using a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the risk of hospitalization following infection with nine variants of concern or interest (VOC/VOI). Methods: Our study includes individuals with positive SARS–CoV–2 RT PCR in the Washington Disease Reporting System and with available viral genome data, from December 1, 2020 to July 30, 2021. The main analysis was restricted to cases with specimens collected through sentinel surveillance. Using a Cox proportional hazards model with mixed effects, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for the risk of hospitalization following infection with a VOC/VOI, adjusting for age, sex, and vaccination status. Findings: Of the 27,814 cases, 23,170 (83.3%) were sequenced through sentinel surveillance, of which 726 (3.1%) were hospitalized due to COVID–19. Higher hospitalization risk was found for infections with Gamma (HR 3.17, 95% CI 2.15–4.67), Beta (HR: 2.97, 95% CI 1.65–5.35), Delta (HR: 2.30, 95% CI 1.69–3.15), and Alpha (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.26–1.99) compared to infections with an ancestral lineage. Following VOC infection, unvaccinated patients show a similar higher hospitalization risk, while vaccinated patients show no significant difference in risk, both when compared to unvaccinated, ancestral lineage cases. Interpretation: Infection with a VOC results in a higher hospitalization risk, with an active vaccination attenuating that risk. Our findings support promoting hospital preparedness, vaccination, and robust genomic surveillance.

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