scholarly journals Quercetin attenuates neurotoxicity induced by iron oxide nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Bardestani ◽  
Shiva Ebrahimpour ◽  
Ali Esmaeili ◽  
Abolghasem Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been proposed as targeted carriers to deliver therapeutic molecules in the central nervous system (CNS). However, IONPs may damage neural tissue via free iron accumulation, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Neuroprotective effects of quercetin (QC) have been proven due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, poor solubility and low bioavailability of QC have also led researchers to make various QC-involved nanoparticles to overcome these limitations. We wondered how high doses or prolonged treatment with quercetin conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QCSPIONs) could improve cognitive dysfunction and promote neurogenesis without any toxicity. It can be explained that the QC inhibits protein aggregation and acts against iron overload via iron-chelating activity, iron homeostasis genes regulation, radical scavenging, and attenuation of Fenton/Haber–Weiss reaction. In this review, first, we present brain iron homeostasis, molecular mechanisms of iron overload that induced neurotoxicity, and the role of iron in dementia-associated diseases. Then by providing evidence of IONPs neurotoxicity, we discuss how QC neutralizes IONPs neurotoxicity, and finally, we make a brief comparison between QC and conventional iron chelators. In this review, we highlight that QC as supplementation and especially in conjugated form reduces iron oxide nanoparticles neurotoxicity in clinical application.

scholarly journals Antiferromagnetic switch in serum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufi O. Raja ◽  
Sanjay Chatterjee ◽  
Anjan Kr. Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide

1.AbstractFerritin contains naturally occurring iron oxide nanoparticle surrounded by a structured spherical array of peptide residues that provides tremendous stability to this iron storage protein. We use synthetic citrate coated Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) and static magnetic field in exploring the Ferritin induced magnetic environment of human serum samples with varying ferritin level collected from thalassemic patients. We report anti-ferromagnetic properties of serum in patients with iron overloading. Magnetic pulling by an external magnetic field showed a cusp-like behavior with increasing concentration of serum Ferritin measured by standard ELISA based kit. A reduction in the extent of pulling after a threshold concentration of Ferritin (1500 ng/ml) suggests a Ferritin dependent magnetic switching.Negative magnetization (anti-ferromagnetization) was confirmed by Vibrating Sample Magnetometric (VSM) analysis of SPION-serum mixture containing very high level of Ferritin. Such magnetic switching may have a possible role in iron homeostasis during overloading of Ferritin.3.AbbreviationsSPIONs: Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, VSM: Vibrating Sample Magnetometry, SQUID: Super conducting Quantum Interference Device, PCS: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Sucrosomial Iron and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Oral Supplements in Iron Deficiency Anemia in Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9930
Author(s):  
Rafał Mazgaj ◽  
Paweł Lipiński ◽  
Mateusz Szudzik ◽  
Aneta Jończy ◽  
Zuzanna Kopeć ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Supplement ◽  
Nutritional Disorder

Iron deficiency is the most common mammalian nutritional disorder. However, among mammalian species iron deficiency anemia (IDA), occurs regularly only in pigs. To cure IDA, piglets are routinely injected with high amounts of iron dextran (FeDex), which can lead to perturbations in iron homeostasis. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of non-invasive supplementation with Sucrosomial iron (SI), a highly bioavailable iron supplement preventing IDA in humans and mice and various iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). Analysis of red blood cell indices and plasma iron parameters shows that not all iron preparations used in the study efficiently counteracted IDA comparable to FeDex-based supplementation. We found no signs of iron toxicity of any tested iron compounds, as evaluated based on the measurement of several toxicological markers that could indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress or inflammation. Neither SI nor IONPs increased hepcidin expression with alterations in ferroportin (FPN) protein level. Finally, the analysis of the piglet gut microbiota indicates the individual pattern of bacterial diversity across taxonomic levels, independent of the type of supplementation. In light of our results, SI but not IONPs used in the experiment emerges as a promising nutritional iron supplement, with a high potential to correct IDA in piglets.

Differential effects of silver and iron oxide nanoparticles on IAPP amyloid aggregation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaoyi Wang ◽  
Aleksandr Kakinen ◽  
Emily H. Pilkington ◽  
Thomas P. Davis ◽  
Pu Chun Ke
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Amyloid Aggregation ◽  
Differential Effects

Recent studies have shown promise on the use of small molecules and nanoparticles (NPs) for the inhibition of protein aggregation, a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

scholarly journals The Intrinsic Biological Identities of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Coatings: Unexplored Territory for Combinatorial Therapies

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Mulens-Arias ◽  
José Manuel Rojas ◽  
Domingo F. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Theranostic Agents

Over the last 20 years, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been the subject of increasing investigation due to their potential use as theranostic agents. Their unique physical properties (physical identity), ample possibilities for surface modifications (synthetic identity), and the complex dynamics of their interaction with biological systems (biological identity) make IONPs a unique and fruitful resource for developing magnetic field-based therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to the treatment of diseases such as cancer. Like all nanomaterials, IONPs also interact with different cell types in vivo, a characteristic that ultimately determines their activity over the short and long term. Cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system (macrophages), dendritic cells (DCs), and endothelial cells (ECs) are engaged in the bulk of IONP encounters in the organism, and also determine IONP biodistribution. Therefore, the biological effects that IONPs trigger in these cells (biological identity) are of utmost importance to better understand and refine the efficacy of IONP-based theranostics. In the present review, which is focused on anti-cancer therapy, we discuss recent findings on the biological identities of IONPs, particularly as concerns their interactions with myeloid, endothelial, and tumor cells. Furthermore, we thoroughly discuss current understandings of the basic molecular mechanisms and complex interactions that govern IONP biological identity, and how these traits could be used as a stepping stone for future research.

Uptake and metabolism of iron and iron oxide nanoparticles in brain astrocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1588-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela C. Hohnholt ◽  
Ralf Dringen
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Cultured Astrocytes ◽  
The Brain

Astrocytes are considered key regulators of the iron metabolism of the brain. These cells are able to rapidly accumulate iron ions and various iron-containing compounds, store iron efficiently in ferritin and also export iron. The present short review summarizes our current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the handling of iron by astrocytes. Cultured astrocytes efficiently take up iron as ferrous or ferric iron ions or as haem by specific iron transport proteins in their cell membrane. In addition, astrocytes accumulate large amounts of iron oxide nanoparticles by endocytotic mechanisms. Despite the rapid accumulation of high amounts of iron from various iron-containing sources, the viability of astrocytes is hardly affected. A rather slow liberation of iron from accumulated haem or iron oxide nanoparticles as well as the strong up-regulation of the synthesis of the iron storage protein ferritin are likely to contribute to the high resistance of astrocytes to iron toxicity. The efficient uptake of extracellular iron by cultured astrocytes as well as their strong up-regulation of ferritin after iron exposure also suggests that brain astrocytes deal well with an excess of iron and protect the brain against iron-mediated toxicity.

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