scholarly journals Serum HBV RNA correlated with intrahepatic cccDNA more strongly than other HBV markers during peg-interferon treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Xiumei Chi ◽  
Ruihong Wu ◽  
Hongqin Xu ◽  
Xiuzhu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hbeag Seroconversion ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Hbv Markers ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ifn Treatment ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Serum hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV RNA) has been reported to be a surrogate marker of intrahepatic cccDNA during nucleos(t)ide analogs therapy. However, in HBeAg-positive patients treated with peg-interferon (peg-IFN), whether HBV RNA is superior to other HBV markers in reflecting cccDNA profile is still unclear. Methods Serum HBV RNA, HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg were longitudinally assessed among 30 HBeAg-positive patients during 48-week peg-IFN treatment. Besides, intrahepatic cccDNA was detected at baseline and week 48 respectively. Then, the individual correlations between HBV RNA, HBcrAg, HBV DNA, HBsAg, and cccDNA were statistically analyzed. Results HBV RNA levels decreased more rapidly in patients with HBeAg seroconversion than those without HBeAg seroconversion. Among all patients, cccDNA correlated better with HBV RNA than with HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg at baseline. After 48 weeks peg-IFN treatment, cccDNA still correlated more strongly with HBV RNA than other HBV markers. Further analysis indicated that in patients with HBeAg seroconversion cccDNA strongly correlated with HBV RNA and HBcrAg, whereas not correlate with HBV DNA and HBsAg. While in patients without HBeAg seroconversion, cccDNA highly correlated with HBV RNA and HBV DNA, moderately correlated with HBcrAg, and not correlated with HBsAg. Conclusion Compared to HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg, serum HBV RNA correlated more strongly with intrahepatic cccDNA levels before and after 48-week peg-IFN treatment. The level of serum HBV RNA may be a superior surrogate marker in reflecting the intrahepatic cccDNA profile in HBeAg-positive patients during peg-IFN treatment. Trial registration ClinicalTrials, NCT03546530. Registered 1 January 2015. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03546530.

scholarly journals Serum HBV RNA Correlated with Intrahepatic cccDNA More Strongly than other HBV Markers During Peg-Interferon Treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Xiumei Chi ◽  
Ruihong Wu ◽  
Hongqin Xu ◽  
Xiuzhu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hbeag Seroconversion ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Markers ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ifn Treatment ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background: Serum hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV RNA) has been reported to be a surrogate marker of intrahepatic cccDNA during nucleos(t)ide analogs therapy. However, whether HBV RNA is superior to other HBV markers reflecting cccDNA profile in HBeAg-positive patients during peg-interferon (peg-IFN) treatment was still unclear.Methods: Serum HBV RNA, HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg were longitudinally assessed among 30 HBeAg-positive patients during 48-week peg-IFN treatment. The intrahepatic cccDNA was detected at baseline and week 48, respectively. The individual correlations between HBV RNA, HBcrAg, HBV DNA, HBsAg, and cccDNA were then statistically analyzed.Results: HBV RNA levels in patients with HBeAg seroconversion decreased more rapidly compared with those without HBeAg seroconversion. Among all patients, cccDNA correlated better with HBV RNA than with HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg at baseline. After 48 weeks of treatment, cccDNA still correlated more strongly with HBV RNA than other HBV markers. For subsequent analysis, cccDNA positively correlated with HBV RNA and HBcrAg whereas did not correlate with HBV DNA and HBsAg in patients with HBeAg seroconversion. However, cccDNA highly correlated with HBV RNA and HBV DNA, moderately correlated with HBcrAg, while no correlation was observed between cccDNA and HBsAg in patients without HBeAg seroconversion.Conclusion: Serum HBV RNA correlated more strongly than HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg with intrahepatic cccDNA levels before and after 48-week peg-IFN treatment. The level of serum HBV RNA may be a superior surrogate marker reflecting the intrahepatic cccDNA profile in HBeAg-positive patients during peg-IFN treatment.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials, NCT03546530. Registered 1 January 2015. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03546530&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=

scholarly journals The Role of Hepatitis B Core-Related Antigen

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Inoue ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbeag Seroconversion ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Undetectable Serum ◽  
Serological Biomarkers

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) cannot be completely eliminated from infected hepatocytes due to the existence of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Serological biomarkers reflect intrahepatic viral replicative activity as non-invasive alternatives to liver biopsy. Hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is a novel biomarker that has an important role in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), because it correlates with serum HBV DNA and intrahepatic cccDNA. In clinical cases with undetectable serum HBV DNA or loss of HBsAg, HBcrAg still can be detected and the decrease in HBcrAg levels is significantly associated with promising outcomes for CHB patients. HBcrAg can predict spontaneous or treatment-induced hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, persistent responses before and after cessation of nucleos(t)ide analogues, potential HBV reactivation, HBV reinfection after liver transplantation, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma progression or recurrence. In this review, the clinical applications of HBcrAg in CHB patients based on its virological features are described. Furthermore, new potential therapeutic anti-HBV agents that affect intrahepatic cccDNA are under development, and the monitoring of HBcrAg might be useful to judge therapeutic effects. In conclusion, HBcrAg might be a suitable surrogate marker beyond other HBV markers to predict the disease progression and treatment responses of CHB patients.

H-Index and Its Variants

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosy Jan ◽  
Riyaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Scientific Performance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
H Index ◽  
High Citation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Individual

H-index is an accepted norm to rank scientists and makes them eligible for various professional benefits. However, taking into consideration the associated flaws of the h-index, a diversified set of parameters have been proposed by the scientific community to rank authors in a better way. Imaginary case studies and datasets are used to find out the practical and actual utility of the proposed indicators. To analyze the individual behaviour of each index, these indices are comprehensively evaluated on an extensive data set. This study emphasizes the scrutiny of the h-index, some of its variants, and extensions to rank authors. There appears to be a correlation between high citation rates for a published researcher and the award of prestigious accolades. Thus, the inclusion of a researcher in the list is based on high citation rates and the authority has claimed a direct connection between the citation rates and prestigious awards. In this context, the work initiated to find out the h-index and its variants for the selected researchers incorporated in the hall of citation laureates from the field of medicine. It is clear from the correlation analysis that there is a difference in the degree of correlation between the h-index and its variants. The A-index is weakly correlated, and M-Quotient is strongly correlated with h-index. Thus, most of the h-index variants are merely mathematically and arithmetically modified and does not add any new information as these are highly correlated and are based on the h-core. Thus, more useful and reasonable approaches could be developed for multidimensional and contextualized evaluations of scientific performance rather than cocooning them with mere numbers.

scholarly journals Do genomics and sex predict migration in a partially migratory salmonid fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss?

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2080-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne J. Kelson ◽  
Michael R. Miller ◽  
Tasha Q. Thompson ◽  
Sean M. O’Rourke ◽  
Stephanie M. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Specific Genomic Region

Partial migration is a common phenomenon wherein populations include migratory and resident individuals. Whether an individual migrates or not has important ecological and management implications, particularly within protected populations. Within partially migratory populations of Oncorhynchus mykiss, migration is highly correlated with a specific genomic region, but it is unclear how well this region predicts migration at the individual level. Here, we relate sex and life history genotype, determined using >400 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the migratory-linked genomic region, to life history expression of marked juvenile O. mykiss from two tributaries to the South Fork Eel River, northern California. Most resident fish were resident genotypes (57% resident, 37% heterozygous, 6% migratory genotype) and male (78%). Most migratory fish were female (62%), but were a mixture of genotypes (30% resident, 45% heterozygous, 25% migratory genotype). Sex was more strongly correlated with life history expression than genotype, but the best-supported model included both. Resident genotypes regularly migrated, highlighting the importance of conserving the full suite of life history and genetic diversity in partially migratory populations.

scholarly journals Post‐Activation Potentiation Increases Recruitment of Fast Twitch Fibers: A Potential Practical Application in Runners

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gervasi ◽  
Anna Rita Calavalle ◽  
Stefano Amatori ◽  
Eugenio Grassi ◽  
Piero Benelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fast Twitch Muscle ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
Continuous Running

AbstractTo determine the relationship between fatigue and post-activation potentiation, we examined the effects of sub-maximal continuous running on neuromuscular function tests, as well as on the squat jump and counter movement jump in endurance athletes. The height of the squat jump and counter movement jump and the estimate of the fast twitch fiber recruiting capabilities were assessed in seven male middle distance runners before and after 40 min of continuous running at an intensity corresponding to the individual lactate threshold. The same test was then repeated after three weeks of specific aerobic training. Since the three variables were strongly correlated, only the estimate of the fast twitch fiber was considered for the results. The subjects showed a significant improvement in the fast twitch fiber recruitment percentage after the 40 min run. Our data show that submaximal physical exercise determined a change in fast twitch muscle fiber recruitment patterns observed when subjects performed vertical jumps; however, this recruitment capacity was proportional to the subjects’ individual fast twitch muscle fiber profiles measured before the 40 min run. The results of the jump tests did not change significantly after the three-week training period. These results suggest that pre-fatigue methods, through sub-maximal exercises, could be used to take advantage of explosive capacity in middle-distance runners.

Hepatitis B Virus RNA as Early Predictor for Response to Pegylated Interferon Alpha in HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina S Farag ◽  
Margo J H van Campenhout ◽  
Maria Pfefferkorn ◽  
Janett Fischer ◽  
Danilo Deichsel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Ifn Treatment ◽  
Negative Chronic Hepatitis

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV-RNA) is a novel serum biomarker that correlates with transcription of intrahepatic covalently closed circular (cccDNA), which is an important target for pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and novel therapies for functional cure. We studied HBV-RNA kinetics following PEG-IFN treatment and its potential role as a predictor to response in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods HBV-RNA levels were measured in 133 HBeAg-negative CHB patients treated in an international randomized controlled trial (PARC study). Patients received PEG-IFN α-2a for 48 weeks. HBV-RNA was measured from baseline through week 144. Response was defined as HBV-DNA <2000 IU/mL and ALT normalization at week 72. Kinetics of HBV-RNA were compared with HBV-DNA, HBsAg, and HBcrAg. Results Mean HBV-RNA at baseline was 4.4 (standard deviation [SD] 1.2) log10 c/mL. At week 12, HBV-RNA declined by −1.6 (1.1) log10 c/mL. HBV-RNA showed a greater decline in responders compared to nonresponders early at week 12 (−2.0 [1.2] vs −1.5 [1.1] log10 c/mL, P = .04). HBV-RNA level above 1700 c/mL (3.2 log10 c/mL) had a negative predictive value of 91% at week 12 and 93% at week 24 (P = .01) for response. Overall, HBV-RNA showed a stronger correlation with HBV-DNA and HBcrAg (.82 and .80, P < .001) and a weak correlation with HBsAg (.25). At week 12, HBV-RNA was significantly lower among patients with lower HBsAg (<100 IU/mL) or HBsAg loss at week 144. Conclusions During PEG-IFN treatment for HBeAg-negative CHB, HBV-RNA showed a fast and significant decline that correlates with treatment response and HBsAg loss at long-term follow-up. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00114361

scholarly journals P14.91 Study glycolytic metabolism in 1H-MRS monovoxel in the most aggressive part of 62 glioblastomas before and after 18 months of treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii89-iii89
Author(s):  
A Heintz ◽  
S Boussida ◽  
Z Saida ◽  
J Chombar ◽  
M Lefranc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Glycolytic Metabolism ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Glucose Ratio ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Response Biomarker ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract BACKGROUND To study the relationship between glycolytic metabolism, tumor proliferation, survival and treatment response in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients: 62 patients with glioblastoma, all having a STUPP Protocol (radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy), were selected and separated into 2 groups: Biopsies (30) and resections (32). In total, 269 NMR spectra (PRESS at GE 1.5T and 3T; multi-TEs TE=35ms and TE=144ms) were acquired. Processing: MRS data were processed with jMRUI software and quantitated using HLSVD and QUEST algorithms. Statistical analysis of longitudinal MRS data (every 3 months) RESULTS 1H-MRS glucose (Glc/tCr) and lactate (Lac/tCr) measurements are highly correlated before the beginning of treatment. This correlation is less obvious after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of treatment. Proliferation is also strongly correlated with Lactate and Glucose before the beginning of treatment in both groups, whereas these correlations decrease in resected patients.The variability of ratios follow-up is higher in biopsied patients. Tumoral proliferation (tCho/tCr) and Glucose ratio (Glc/tCr) levels decreased along the follow-up. Although, the Lac/tCr ratio progressively decreased, its level remains high until 6 months. After 15 months of treatment, glucose increased although the lactate decreased. CONCLUSION The study of glycolytic metabolism in GBM could be used to evaluate the response to treatment. Being able to have a treatment response biomarker at 3 months, especially for patients who could not be resected could help to monitor and adapt treatment. The increase of Glucose at the end of the follow-up shows the interest of spectral and metabolic follow-up of glioblastoma after 18 months of treatment.

Official Advice Improves Mortgage-Holders’ Perceptions of Switching: Experimental Evidence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Switching Process ◽  
Competitive Markets ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Change Perceptions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual

Encouraging consumers to switch to lower-rate mortgages is important both for the individual consumer’s finances and for functioning competitive markets, but switching rates are low. Given the complexity of mortgages, one potential regulatory intervention that may increase switching rates is to provide independent advice on how to select good mortgage products and how to navigate the switching process. Working with a government consumer protection agency, we conducted an experiment with mortgage-holders to test whether such advice alters perceptions of switching. The experiment tested how (i) the attributes of the offer, (ii) perceptions about the switching process, (iii) individual feelings of competence and (iv) comprehension of the product affect willingness to switch to better offers, both before and after reading the official advice. The advice made consumers more sensitive to interest rate decreases, especially at longer terms. It also increased consumers’ confidence in their ability to select good offers. Overall, the findings imply that advice from policymakers can change perceptions and increase switching rates. Moreover, the experiment demonstrates how lab studies can contribute to behaviourally-informed policy development.

Analysis of variations in and correlations between selected physical parameters of common beech (Fagus silvatica L.) nuts

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Kaliniewicz ◽  
Piotr Markowski ◽  
Andrzej Anders ◽  
Paweł Tylek ◽  
Zbigniew Krzysiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Common Beech ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fagus Silvatica ◽  
Highly Correlated

The basic dimensions and the mass of common beech nuts and seeds from five nut batches, harvested from tree stands in northern Poland, were determined. Environmental conditions had a greater influence on seed plumpness than the age of tree stands. The results of measurements were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Despite differences in their plumpness, nuts were characterized by nearly identical cross-sections which resembled an equilateral triangle. The thickness of nuts and seeds was highly correlated with their mass, and this information can facilitate seed husking and separation into mass categories. Before and after husking, seeds should be separated with the use of a mesh screen with longitudinal openings. Medium-sized (most numerous) seeds were separated into the following plumpness categories using a screen separator with ≠6 mm and ≠7 mm openings: 84% of moderately plump seeds, 3% of seeds with reduced plumpness, and 13% of plump seeds.

EFFICACY OF LAMIVUDINE IN PATIENTS WITH HBV- RELATED HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS

2012 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Van Huy Tran ◽  
Hoai Phong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Hbeag Seroconversion ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbeag Loss ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis

Background: The recent studies concerning antiviral therapy in HBV-related cirrhosis showed the promising results. This study is aimed at assessing efficacy of lamivudine in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis. Patients and methods: 41 patients with HBsAg positive-cirrhosis and evidence of viral replication were enrolled in the study. Lamivudine is given 100 mg per day and the follow-up is 12 months. Results: The rates of HBV DNA undetectable was 58.53%, 68.29% and 87.80% after 36.6 and 12 months, respectively. The rate of HBeAg loss and HBeAg seroconversion are 57.14% and 35.71%. Child-Pugh scores decreased significantly after 6 and 12 months. The complications of cirrhosis were infrequent. Conclusion: Lamivudine appeared effective and safe in HBV-related hepatic cirrhosis.

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