scholarly journals The comparison of water intake patterns and hydration biomarkers among young adults with different hydration statuses in Hebei, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Shufang Liu ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Trial Registry ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background Water is essential for maintaining the functions of human body properly. Studies have shown that the amounts and contributions of fluids were associated with health and hydration status. The objectives of the study was that to explore the differences of water intake pattern and hydration biomarkers among young males and females in different hydration statuses. Methods A cross-sectional study was implemented among 159 young adults aged 18–23 years in Hebei, China. The total drinking fluids and water from food were obtained by 7-day 24-h fluid intake questionnaire and duplicate portion method, respectively. The osmolality and electrolyte concentrations of the 24 h urine and plasma were tested. Differences in optimal hydration (OH), middle hydration (MH) and hypohydration (HH) groups, divided by the osmolality of 24 h urine, were compared. Results Totally, 156 participants (80 males and 76 females) completed the study. OH group had highest proportions of participants met the recommendations of total water intake (TWI) and total drinking fluids of China (34.5%, 36.2%), while HH group had lowest (7.7%, 0.0%). OH group had higher amounts of TWI, total drinking fluids, water and lower amounts of sugar-sweetened-beverages (SSBs) (P < 0.05). The percentage of total drinking fluids in TWI decreased from 54.1% in OH group to 42.6% in HH group (P < 0.05). OH group had higher and lower contributions of water and SSBs to total drinking fluids (P < 0.05); produced 551–950 mL more, excreted significantly less quantity of solutes of urine (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in plasma osmolality among the three groups (P > 0.05). Among both males and females, the amounts of TWI and water were higher in OH group than others (P < 0.05). Males had 4.3% lower, 5.4% and 1.1% higher contributions of milk and milk products, SSBs and alcohol to total drinking fluids than females (P < 0.05); males had higher volume of urine than females only in MH group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of plasma osmolality between males and females in the same group (P > 0.05). Conclusions Young adults with optimal hydration status had better water intake pattern and less concentrated urine. Females maybe have better water intake pattern than males. Trial registration Chinese clinical trial registry. Name of the registry: Relationship of drinking water and urination. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17010320. Date of registration: 01/04/2017. URL of trial registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=17601&htm=4.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Water Intake Patterns and Hydration Biomarkers among Young Adults with Different Hydration Statuses in Hebei, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Shufang Liu ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Trial Registry ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background: Water is essential for maintaining the functions of human body properly. Studies have shown that the amounts and contributions of fluids were associated with health and hydration status. The objectives of the study was that to explore the differences of water intake pattern and hydration biomarkers among young males and females in different hydration statuses.Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented among 159 young adults aged 18-23 years in Hebei, China. The total drinking fluids and water from food were obtained by 7-day 24-h fluid intake questionnaire and duplicate portion method, respectively. The osmolality and electrolyte concentrations of the 24h urine and plasma were tested. Differences in optimal hydration (OH), middle hydration (MH) and hypohydration (HH) groups, divided by the osmolality of 24h urine, were compared. Results: Totally, 156 participants (80 males and 76 females) completed the study. OH group had highest proportions of participants met the recommendations of TWI (total water intake) and total drinking fluids of China (34.5%, 36.2%), while HH group had lowest (7.7%, 0.0%). OH group had higher amounts of TWI, total drinking fluids, water and lower amounts of SSBs (sugar-sweetened-beverages) (p<0.05). The percentage of total drinking fluids in TWI decreased from 54.1% in OH group to 42.6% in HH group (p<0.05). OH group had higher and lower contributions of water and SSBs (sugar-sweetened-beverages) to total drinking fluids (p<0.05); produced 551~950 mL more, excreted significantly less quantity of solutes of urine (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in plasma osmolality among the three groups (p>0.05). Among both males and females, the amounts of TWI and water were higher in OH group than others (p<0.05). Males had 4.3% lower, 5.4% and 1.1% higher contributions of milk and milk products, SSBs and alcohol to total drinking fluids than females (p<0.05); males had higher volume of urine than females only in MH group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences of plasma osmolality between males and females in the same group (p>0.05). Conclusions: Young adults with optimal hydration status had better water intake pattern and less concentrated urine. Females maybe have better water intake pattern than males.Trial registration: Chinese clinical trial registry. Name of the registry: Relationship of drinking water and urination. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17010320. Date of registration: 01/04/2017. URL of trial registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=17601&htm=4.

scholarly journals Association between the content of intracellular and extracellular fluid and the amount of water intake among Chinese college students

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
Xinyu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Trial Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background Normal distribution of body fluid is important for maintaining health through the balance of water metabolism. Studies have shown that disease states and diuretics perturb the balance and then induce abnormal intracellular/extracellular fluid ratio. However, there are relatively few researches on the associations between water intakes and body fluid. The objective of this study was to explore the association between body fluid and water intake. Methods A total of 159 young adults in Baoding, China were recruited in this cross-sectional survey and completeness of follow-up was 98.1%. A 7-day fluid specific diary was used to record total fluid intake (TFI). Water intake from foods (FWI) for 3 days was measured using the methods of weighting, duplicate portion method and laboratory analysis by researchers. Body fluid was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results Total body water (TBW), intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) of participants were 32.8[28.0,39.2], 20.5[17.3,24.5] and 12.4[10.7,14.7], (kg). This represented 55.2 ± 6.2, 34.4 ± 4.0 and 20.8 ± 2.3 (%) of body weight (BW), respectively. ICF, ECF and TBW among male participants who drank more than or equal to adequate TFI was higher than those who drank less (Z = -1.985, p = 0.047; Z = -2.134, p = 0.033; Z = -2.053, p = 0.040). Among both males and females, the values of TBW/BW in participants whose TWI met or exceeded the AI were higher than those with TWI less than AI (t = − 2.011, p = 0.046; t = − 2.716, p = 0.008). Among all participants, there was moderate correlation between water intakes (TFI/BW, FWI/BW and TWI/BW) and body fluid (ICF/BW,ECF/BW and TBW/BW) (p < 0.01 for all). Same correlations were found among both males and females. Conclusion There is a certain degree of association between water intake and body fluid. However, whether TFI or TWI achieve AI or not do not disturb the balance on the distribution of body fluid. More studies should be conducted to find the diagnostic threshold on TFI and TWI which may disrupt the distribution of body fluid so as to prevent related diseases. Trial registration Chinese clinical trial registry. Name of the registry: Relationship of drinking water and urination. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17010320. Date of registration: 01/04/2017. URL of trial registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=17601&htm=4.

scholarly journals Urine Color Analysis of Hydration Status in Employees Working in Bandung, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Karina Hauteas ◽  
Rudi Supriyadi ◽  
Yenni Zuhairini
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Sunday Morning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urine Color

Background: Dehydration can be compensated for by the body. However, if it occurs persistently, it can cause concentration problems, thermoregulation disorders, kidney damage, and other life-threatening disorders such as cardiovascular disorders. Urine color is a simple indicator to assess a person’s hydration status. The purpose of this study was to explore the hydration status of employees working in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from March to November 2019. This study was a part of another study exploring urine color levels. Urine was collected on Sunday morning when the employees were free. Water intake and workload before urine examination were not taken into account. Hydration status was divided into three categories: well-hydrated, mild/moderate dehidration, and severe dehydration. A total sampling method was used to collect data. Results: In total, 178 subjects who met the study criteria participated in the study. The majority of respondents were 40-79 years old, male, did not have hypertension or diabetes, and active smokers. Most respondents experienced severe dehydration (44.7%) although 58.1% had consumed ≥8 glasses of water/day. Conclusion: More than half employees have consumed adequate amount of water; however, the majority are severely dehydrated when assessed based on their urine color. Further study on the balance of water intake and excretion is needed to explore the phenomenon of dehydration in the morning.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dyslipidemia in young adults.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 987-993
Author(s):  
Mir Tahir Hussain Talpur ◽  
Muhammad Tauqeer Katbar ◽  
Khalil Ullah Shabir ◽  
Kashif Ullah Shabir ◽  
Uzair Yaqoob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Males And Females

Objectives: This study will help us to understand what lipid profile is normally present in our population, if abnormal, timely screening, education, and proper management can be done. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan. Period: November 2018-April 2019. Material & Methods: For the lipid profile, intravenous blood samples were collected in testing bottles after overnight fasting of 9-12 hours and sent to the institutional laboratory for testing. Dyslipidemia was defined as abnormal levels of any of the following components of the lipid profile. Total cholesterol of <200mg/dL was considered “desirable” while that of >240mg/dL was termed as hypercholesterolemia. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) was considered as “low” when it was <40mg/dL while Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was considered as “optimal” when it was less than 100 mg/dL. Triglycerides level >150 mg/dL was identified as hypertriglyceridemia. We defined isolated dyslipidemias as abnormal levels of any of these. This study was assessed and approved by the institutional review board of JPMC. Results: 112 participants of age <40 and >20 years were registered with 62 males and 50 females. Prevalence of dyslipidemia was found to be 75.9% with significantly high percentage in females (p < 0.05). 55.4% of the participants had desirable serum cholesterol and 42.9% had hypertriglyceridemia. 58% of these had HDL levels <40 mg/dL while 18.8% had high LDL levels. The mean serum cholesterol was significantly different in males and females (p=0.018). 7.1% of the total had isolated hypertriglyceridemia, 18.8% had isolated low HDL levels, and 46.4% had mixed hyperlipidemia, with significant differences between males and females in the former two. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for numerous systemic disorders and should be detected early in life for an effective management prior to the appearance of symptoms. This study gave a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in asymptomatic young adults, with females being more frequently affected than females.

scholarly journals Young Adults with Higher Salt Intake Have Inferior Hydration Status: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Shufang Liu ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Guansheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
Different Levels

The body’s water and sodium balances are tightly regulated and monitored by the brain. Few studies have explored the relationship between water and salt intake, and whether sodium intake with different levels of fluid intake leads to changes in hydration status remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the patterns of water intake and hydration status among young adults with different levels of daily salt intakes. Participants’ total drinking fluids and water from food were determined by a 7-day 24-h fluid intake questionnaire for 7 days (from Day 1 to Day 7) and duplicate portion method (Day 5, Day 6 and Day 7). Urine of 24 h for 3 days (Day 5, Day 6 and Day 7) was collected and tested for the osmolality, the urine-specific gravity (USG), the concentrations of electrolytes, pH, creatinine, uric acid and the urea. The fasting blood samples for 1 day (Day 6) were collected and measured for the osmolality and the concentrations of electrolytes. The salt intakes of the participants were evaluated from the concentrations of Na of 24 h urine of 3 days (Day 5, Day 6 and Day 7). Participants were divided into four groups according to the quartile of salt intake, including the low salt intake (LS1), LS2, high salt intake (HS1) and HS2 groups. In total, 156 participants (including 80 male and 76 female young adults) completed the study. The salt intakes were 7.6, 10.9, 14.7 and 22.4 g among participants in the four groups (LS1, LS2, HS1 and HS2 groups, respectively), which differed significantly in all groups (F = 252.020; all p < 0.05). Compared to the LS1 and LS2 groups, the HS2 group had 310–381, 250–358 and 382–655 mL more amounts of water from the total water intake (TWI), total drinking fluids and water from food (all p < 0.05), respectively. Participants in the HS2 group had 384–403, 129–228 and 81–114 mL more in the water, water from dishes and staple foods, respectively, than those in the groups of LS1 and LS2 (p < 0.05). The HS2 group excreted 386–793 mL more urine than those in the groups of LS1 and LS2 (p < 0.05). However, regarding urine osmolality, the percentage of participants with optimal hydration status decreased from 41.0% in LS1 and LS2 to 25.6% in the HS2 group (p < 0.05). Participants with higher salt intake had higher TWI, total drinking fluids and water from food. Nevertheless, they had inferior hydration status. A reduction in salt intake should be encouraged among young adults to maintain optimal hydration status.

scholarly journals Hydration biomarkers in free-living adults with different levels of habitual fluid consumption

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 1678-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Perrier ◽  
Sébastien Vergne ◽  
Alexis Klein ◽  
Marie Poupin ◽  
Pascale Rondeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Little is known about the impact of habitual fluid intake on physiology. Specifically, biomarkers of hydration status and body water regulation have not been adequately explored in adults who consume different fluid volumes in everyday conditions, without prolonged exercise or environmental exposure. The purpose of the present study was to compare adults with habitually different fluid intakes with respect to biomarkers implicated in the assessment of hydration status, the regulation of total body water and the risk of kidney pathologies. In the present cross-sectional study, seventy-one adults (thirty-two men, thirty-nine women, age 25–40 years) were classified according to daily fluid intake: thirty-nine low drinkers (LD; ≤ 1·2 litres/d) and thirty-two high drinkers (HD; 2–4 litres/d). During four consecutive days, urinary parameters (first morning urine (FMU) on day 1 and subsequent 24 h urine (24hU) collections), blood parameters, and food and beverage intake were assessed. ANOVA and non-parametric comparisons revealed significant differences between the LD and HD groups in 24hU volume (1·0 (se 0·1) v. 2·4 (se 0·1) litres), specific gravity (median 1·023 v. 1·010), osmolality (767 (se 27) v. 371 (se 33) mOsm/kg) and colour (3·1 (se 0·2) v. 1·8 (se 0·2)). Similarly, in the FMU, the LD group produced a smaller amount of more concentrated urine. Plasma cortisol, creatinine and arginine vasopressin concentrations were significantly higher among the LD. Plasma osmolality was similar between the groups, suggesting physiological adaptations to preserve plasma osmolality despite low fluid intake. The long-term impact of adaptations to preserve plasma osmolality must be examined, particularly in the context of renal health.

scholarly journals Physical fitness and body fatness are associated with mental health in Korean young adults: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minsuk Oh ◽  
Dong-Woo Kang ◽  
Dong-Il Kim ◽  
Junga Lee ◽  
Seok Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Males And Females

Background: It has been recognized that body fatness and mental disorders have association, however very limited evidence have proved that physical fitness and mental health have association. Relationship between physical fitness and mental health in young adults has not been fully proved. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between physical fitness, body fatness, and mental health in young adults.Methods: A total of 149 (97 males and 52 females) college students were included. Physical fitness (sit-ups, push-ups, 1 mile run/walk), and body mass index (BMI) was measured, and psychological questionnaires including life satisfaction, self-efficacy, the beck depression inventory (BDI), and adult self report (ASR) were administered. The levels of physical fitness and BMI were classified into tertile groups and were analyzed.Results: Female participants with the highest tertile of BMI had highest ASR score (p<0.05). Participants with highest level of physical fitness showed higher level of self-efficacy in both males and females (p<0.05). In both male and female, physical fitness was a significant predictor for self-efficacy (Male: β=0.35, p<0.05, Female: β =0.31, p<0.05).Conclusions: In conclusion, physical fitness and body fatness were associated with mental health. Especially, physical fitness, independent of BMI, was proved as significant indicator for mental health in young adults.

scholarly journals Changes in Dietary Intake Patterns and Weight Status during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study Focusing on Young Adults in Malaysia

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Seok Tyug Tan ◽  
Chin Xuan Tan ◽  
Seok Shin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) isolation has altered individuals’ food purchasing behaviour and dietary intake patterns. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the changes in dietary intake patterns and their impacts on the weight status of young adults in Malaysia during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1045 young adults in Malaysia. The changes in dietary intake patterns were assessed using the Dietary Diversity Questionnaire with slight modifications, while anthropometric measurements including body height, body weight before the pandemic and current body weight were self-reported. Results: Overall, nearly half of the respondents (48.8%) gained weight during the confinement, with an average increment of 4.06 ± 3.23 kg. Of 1045, 45.3% reported consuming more fruits and 60.2% had higher plain water intake during the pandemic. It is observed that 41.0% to 66.8% of the young adults changed their dietary intake patterns during the pandemic. Increased consumption in cereals and grains (β = 0.084, p = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.017–0.160), as well as oils and fats (β = 0.123, p = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.059–0.241), was positively associated with weight gain during the pandemic. On the contrary, an increased plain water intake was negatively associated with weight gain during the lockdown (β = −0.100, p = 0.003, 95% CI = −0.171–−0.034). Findings in the current study also suggested that cutting back cereals and grains (β = 0.156, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.122–0.288), as well as oils and fats (β = 0.091, p = 0.012, 95% CI = 0.022–0.183), contributed significantly to weight loss during the pandemic confinement. Conclusion: In conclusion, the enforcement of the Movement Control Order (MCO) drove up the prevalence of overweight/obesity among young adults in Malaysia. Increased consumption of cereals and grains and oils and fats contributed to weight gain in the pandemic lockdown. Nonetheless, a noticeable proportion of young adults in Malaysia shifted to a healthier food choice by increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables.

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