scholarly journals Pre-pandemic sleep behavior and adolescents’ stress during Covid-19: a prospective longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reut Gruber ◽  
Gabrielle Gauthier-Gagne ◽  
Denise Voutou ◽  
Gail Somerville ◽  
Sujata Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Behavioral Issues ◽  
Sleep Log ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Objective To prospectively document changes in adolescents’ sleep before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to examine their impact on adolescents’ perceived stress. Methods Sixty-two typically developing adolescents participated in the study before (Time 1: January 15 to March 13, 2020) and during (Time 2: May 15 to June 30, 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. At Time 1, each participant’s sleep pattern was assessed in the home environment using actigraphy and sleep logs for seven consecutive nights. Adolescents completed a battery of questionnaires in which they reported on their sleep schedule, duration, and quality, as well as their activities at bedtime, their daytime sleepiness, and their social/emotional behavior. The participants’ parents provided demographic information. At Time 2, each participant completed a sleep log, the same battery of questionnaires regarding sleep, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results (1) Adolescents’ reported sleep was of longer duration and on a delayed schedule during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic. (2) A larger proportion of adolescents reported meeting or exceeding the recommended amount of sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic sleep. (3) “Social jet lag” disappeared during the COVID-19 pandemic. (4) A shorter reported sleep duration and higher level of arousal at bedtime at Time 1 were significant predictors of adolescents’ perceived stress at Time 2—during the COVID-19 pandemic. (5) A higher levels of arousal at bedtime and lower reported sleep quality at Time 2 were concurrently associated with higher levels of perceived stress among adolescents, even when we controlled for the levels of pre-pandemic emotional or behavioral issues, sleep duration, or sleep quality. Conclusion Sleep duration and cognitive-emotional arousal, which are both modifiable behaviors, were associated with adolescents’ perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. These behaviors could be useful targets for preventive interventions aiming to reduce adolescents’ stress in the face of stressogenic situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sleep duration and overweight in Chinese adolescents: a prospective longitudinal study with 2-year follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-328
Author(s):  
Qing-Hai Gong ◽  
Si-Xuan Li ◽  
Si-Jia Wang ◽  
Yan-Hui Wu ◽  
Li-Yuan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

scholarly journals Understanding sleep-wake behavior in late chronotype adolescents: The role of circadian phase, sleep timing, and evening vigilance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Lang ◽  
Cele Richardson ◽  
Gorica Micic ◽  
Michael Gradisar
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Phase Angles

Background. Growing evidence supports a link between late chronotype and increased risk for affective disorders. Yet, the tendency toward a late chronotype and the onset of mood disorders often emerge during adolescence. Few studies have examined the relationship among school-aged adolescence. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the specific role of sleep and circadian related measures in late chronotype adolescents and their impact on mood. Furthermore, we explored to what extend severeness is explained by bedtime behavior, evening vigilance, and circadian phase.Methods. Nineteen male adolescents (M = 16.4 yrs ± 1.0 yrs), who were part of a larger study, were included in the analyses. Chronotype was assessed with the Munich Chronotype questionnaire, circadian timing via salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), and habitual sleep behavior with a 7-day sleep diary. Further questionnaires evaluated daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and mood. Evening vigilance (Go/NoGo) and sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) were used as a proxy for sleep propensity. Results. The average sleep duration on school nights was 7.78 hours (±1.65), and 9.00 hours (±1.42) on weekend nights. Mean DLMO was observed at 23.13 h (± 1.65), with a weekend phase angle of entrainment for DLMObedtime of 2.48 hours. Regression fittings revealed a general tendency of shorter phase angles with delayed DLMOs. In contrast, further analysis with chronotype subgroups revealed that this was only true for light and moderate late types, whereas extreme late types presented with wide phase angles. While no differences in daytime sleepiness and sleep duration were found between subgroups, sleep quality and mood decreased with increasing lateness. Extreme late chronotypes experienced higher evening sleepiness, whereas slight late types presented with higher evening vigilance. Chronotype but not DLMO predicted bedtime on school- and particularly weekend-nights. Conclusions. Our findings highlight that with increasing lateness, the risk for impaired sleep quality and mood disorders increases. Given that DLMO was not predictive of bedtime, our data indicate that factors contributing to a late chronotype are versatile and complex, particularly for extreme late types.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10164
Author(s):  
Ilango Saraswathi ◽  
Jayakumar Saikarthik ◽  
K. Senthil Kumar ◽  
Kumar Madhan Srinivasan ◽  
M. Ardhanaari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background The COVID-19 pandemic is found to affect the mental health of the population. Undergraduate medical students are especially prone to mental health disorders and hence could be more vulnerable to the impact of the pandemic. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 217 undergraduate medical students in a medical college at Chennai, India. Depression, anxiety, and stress levels were recorded using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Items (DASS21) before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in India in December 2019 and June 2020, respectively. In the follow-up survey, in addition to DASS21, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality and a self-administered questionnaire to assess the impact of COVID-19 related stressors were used. The self-administered questionnaire assessed the status of COVID-19 testing, interactions with COVID-19 patients, self-perceived levels of concerns and worries related to academics (COVID-19-AA (academic apprehensions)) and those pertaining to the self and family/friends (COVID-19-GA (general apprehensions)). Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparison of overall scores of depression, anxiety, and stress and scores stratified by gender, year of study, place of residence and monthly family income were performed. Predictors for depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 were investigated using adjusted binary logistic regression analysis and results were expressed as adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI). A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The average scores of depression, anxiety, and stress during the baseline survey were 7.55 ± 7.86, 4.6 ± 6.19 and 7.31 ± 7.34 with the prevalence (95% Cl) of 33.2% [27–39.9%], 21.2% [16–27.2%] and 20.7% [15.5–26.7%]; in follow-up survey, the mean scores were 8.16 ± 8.9, 6.11 ± 7.13 and 9.31 ± 8.18 with the prevalence being 35.5% [29.1–42.2%], 33.2% [27–39.9%] and 24.9% [19.3–31.2%] for depression, anxiety, and stress respectively. There was a significant increase in both the prevalence and levels of anxiety and stress (P < 0.001), with depression remaining unchanged during COVID-19, irrespective of gender, year of study, place of residence and family’s monthly income. Poor sleep quality, higher levels of baseline depression, anxiety, and stress, higher COVID-19-GA, COVID-19 patients in family/friends and direct interactions with COVID-19 patients were found to be significant predictors of negative mental health in undergraduate medical students. COVID-19-AA was not significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic appears to negatively affect the mental health of the undergraduate medical students with the prevalence and levels of anxiety and stress being increased, and depression symptoms remaining unaltered. Addressing and mitigating the negative effect of COVID-19 on the mental health of this population is crucial.

Sleep quality in acromegaly and changes after transsphenoidal surgery: a prospective longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Xiaopeng Guo ◽  
Jinzhu Guo ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Haiyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Improvement in Physical Activity in Persons With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treated With Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymonde E. Jean ◽  
Manideep Duttuluri ◽  
Charlisa D. Gibson ◽  
Sadaf Mir ◽  
Katherine Fuhrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background:Exercise improves sleep quality, yet people with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may engage in less physical activity (PA) due to fatigue and daytime sleepiness. We examined changes in PA and sleep quality before and after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in OSA patients.Methods:In this prospective longitudinal study, persons with a primary diagnosis of OSA were enrolled at a community-based hospital in New York City. At 3 time intervals pre- and post-CPAP (3–8 months), we measured sleep quality using validated questionnaires, perceived PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and actual PA using pedometer steps per day. We sought to investigate how CPAP use and changes in sleep quality impacted the number of steps taken, as recorded in pedometer steps.Results:In total, 62 patients were enrolled in the study from March 2012 to July 2014. In all, patients averaged 53 years of age, and 26 patients (42%) were female. Among all participants, 86% of persons had moderate to severe sleep apnea (AHI ≥15). Approximately 73% of participants were compliant with CPAP use. Poor sleep quality correlated with lower actual PA (P = .004) at baseline. At 3 and 7 months, there was significant improvement in sleep quality (Δ –2.63 ± 3.4 and Δ –3.5 ± 3.8; P < .001) and actual PA (Δ 840 ± 1313 and Δ 1431 ± 1419 steps/day, P < .001) compared with baseline. On multivariate analyses, participants with a higher waist circumference had a significantly greater increase in actual PA (P = .018).Conclusion:Treatment of OSA with CPAP had a progressive incremental improvement in sleep quality and actual PA.

scholarly journals Guided Imagery for Stress and Symptom Management in Pregnant African American Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Jallo ◽  
R. Jeanne Ruiz ◽  
R. K. Elswick ◽  
Elise French
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
American Women ◽  
Biologic Marker ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a guided imagery (GI) intervention for stress reduction in pregnant African American women beginning early in the second trimester. This prospective longitudinal study of 72 women used a randomized controlled experimental design with two groups conducted over 12 weeks. The intervention was a CD with 4 professionally recorded tracts designed and sequenced to influence study variables. Participants in both GI and usual care (UC) completed measures and donated 5 cc of blood at baseline, 8 weeks and 12 weeks. Participants also completed a daily stress scale. A mixed-effects linear model tested for differences between groups for self-reported measures of stress, anxiety, and fatigue as well as corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), a biologic marker of stress. Significant differences in perceived stress daily scores and at week 8 but not week 12 were found in the GI group compared to UC group. The GI group reported significantly less fatigue and anxiety than the UC group at week 8 but not week 12. There were no significant differences in CRH levels between groups. Results suggest that GI intervention may be effective in reducing perceived stress, anxiety, and fatigue measures among pregnant African American women.

scholarly journals Short Sleep Duration and Body Mass Index: A Prospective Longitudinal Study in Preadolescence

2011 ◽  
Vol 173 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Seegers ◽  
D. Petit ◽  
B. Falissard ◽  
F. Vitaro ◽  
R. E. Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

scholarly journals O048 The CF elephant in the adolescent room: a cross sectional study of sleep and mood in adolescents with cystic fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A21-A21
Author(s):  
H Pham ◽  
S Ranganathan ◽  
M Vandeleur
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Respiratory Symptom ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Return Of Results ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Mental health issues are of increasing burden within the adolescent CF population, with known impacts from sleep disturbance. There are limited studies examining mediators of this relationship. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and mood in adolescents with CF alongside a range potential mediating factors including socioeconomic and family influences in adolescents. Study Design Adolescents with CF aged 10–18 and their parents at a Victorian tertiary paediatric CF centre were eligible. Adolescents-parent pairs cross sectionally completed age appropriate online questionnaires assessing sleep (Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale, Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children), mood (Global Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Beck’s Depression Inventory, Brigid Jordan CF screen), health-related quality of life (CF Questionnaire-Revised), family dynamics (Family Assessment Device, Family Management Measure), CF respiratory symptoms (CF Respiratory Symptom Score), and treatment adherence. Socioeconomic status and impacts from pandemic lockdowns were also surveyed. Progress to date 45 CF adolescents-parent pairs have been recruited. Questionnaires have been distributed and awaiting return of results for analysis. Intended outcome and impact We anticipate demonstrating the known association between impaired sleep quality and elevated mood scores. We will also make commentary on associations with a range of social factors (family dynamics, socioeconomic status) as well as parental mental health. Discussion will also include impacts on treatment adherence, HRQOL and respiratory symptom scores. Results from this pilot will inform the upcoming AREST CF prospective longitudinal study where the bidirectional relationships between factors studied can be further explored.

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