scholarly journals Physiological mechanism of improved tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to lignin-derived phenolic acids in lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation by short-term adaptation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanqi Gu ◽  
Yuyong Zhu ◽  
Yanfang Peng ◽  
Xiujun Liang ◽  
Xiaoguang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Parental Strain ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

Abstract Background Phenolic acids are lignin-derived fermentation inhibitors formed during many pretreatment processes of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, and syringic acids were selected as the model compounds of phenolic acids, and the effect of short-term adaptation strategies on the tolerance of S. cerevisiae to phenolic acids was investigated. The mechanism of phenolic acids tolerance in the adapted yeast strains was studied at the morphological and physiological levels. Results The multiple phenolic acids exerted the synergistic inhibitory effect on the yeast cell growth. In particular, a significant interaction between vanillic and hydroxybenzoic acids was found. The optimal short-term adaptation strategies could efficiently improve the growth and fermentation performance of the yeast strain not only in the synthetic media with phenolic acids, but also in the simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentation of corncob residue. Morphological analysis showed that phenolic acids caused the parental strain to generate many cytoplasmic membrane invaginations with crack at the top of these sites and some mitochondria gathered around. The adapted strain presented the thicker cell wall and membrane and smaller cell size than those of the parental strain. In particular, the cytoplasmic membrane generated many little protrusions with regular shape. The cytoplasmic membrane integrity was analyzed by testing the relative electrical conductivity, leakage of intracellular substance, and permeation of fluorescent probe. The results indicated that the short-term adaptation improved the membrane integrity of yeast cell. Conclusion The inhibition mechanism of phenolic acid might be attributed to the combined effect of the cytoplasmic membrane damage and the intracellular acidification. The short-term adaptation strategy with varied stressors levels and adaptive processes accelerated the stress response of yeast cell structure to tolerate phenolic acids. This strategy will contribute to the development of robust microbials for biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass.

scholarly journals Short-term adaptation of European viticulture to climate change: an overview from the H2020 Clim4Vitis action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João A. Santos ◽  
Chenyao Yang ◽  
Helder Fraga ◽  
Aureliano C. Malheiro ◽  
José Moutinho-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

Viticulture is exposed and vulnerable to extreme weather and climate change. In Europe, owing to the high socio-economic value of the winemaking sector, the development of adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts will be of foremost relevance for its future sustainability and competitiveness. Some guidelines on feasible short-term adaptation strategies are provided here (Figure 1), collected by the Clim4Vitis action (https://clim4vitis.eu/). Long-term adapation startegies are described in an accompanying technical review.

Short-term adaptation to auditory-visual discordance: The ventriloquism aftereffect

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Vroomen ◽  
Paul Bertelson ◽  
Ilja Frissen ◽  
Beatrice De Gelder
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Ventriloquism Aftereffect

Determination of allostatic load dynamics in the assessment of adaptation in temporary workers in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 547-548
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Atkov ◽  
S. G. Gorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
The Individual

The individual dynamics of the allostatic load index was revealed mainly due to changes in the glucose level, body mass index, which makes it applicable for assessing the short-term adaptation to the stay in the conditions of shift work

IMPACT OF SORBITOL- INDUCED OSMOTIC STRESS ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL TRAITS OF POTATO IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1038-1047
Author(s):  
Mawia & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Nutritive Medium ◽  
Starting Point

This study had as principal objective identification of osmotic-tolerant potato genotypes by using "in vitro" tissue culture and sorbitol as a stimulating agent, to induce water stress, which was added to the  culture nutritive medium in different concentration (0,50, 110, 220, 330 and 440 mM).  The starting point was represented by plantlets culture collection, belonging to eleven potato genotypes: Barcelona, Nectar, Alison, Jelly, Malice, Nazca, Toronto, Farida, Fabulla, Colomba and Spunta. Plantlets were multiplied between two internodes to obtain microcuttings (in sterile condition), which were inoculated on medium. Sorbitol-induced osmotic stress caused a significant reduction in the ascorbic acid, while the concentration of proline, H2O2 and solutes leakage increased compared with the control. Increased the proline content prevented lipid peroxidation, which played a pivotal role in the maintenance of membrane integrity under osmotic stress conditions. The extent of the cytoplasmic membrane damage depends on osmotic stress severity and the genotypic variation in the maintenance of membranes stability was highly associated with the ability of producing more amounts of osmoprotectants (proline) and the non-enzymic antioxidant ascorbic acid in response to osmotic stress level. The results showed that the genotypes Jelly, Nectar, Allison, Toronto, and Colomba are classified as highly osmotic stress tolerant genotypes, while the genotypes Nazca and Farida are classified as osmotic stress susceptible ones.

Imperfect crowding adaptation of mammalian cells towards osmotic stress and its modulation by osmolytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2218-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gnutt ◽  
Oliver Brylski ◽  
Eugen Edengeiser ◽  
Martina Havenith ◽  
Simon Ebbinghaus
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

The short-term adaptation of cellular crowding after osmotic stress is imperfect but can be modulated by the osmolyte TMAO.

Recovery from Adaptation to Moving Gratings

Perception ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max J Keck ◽  
Benjamin Pentz
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Time Decay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Test Grating ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Sinusoidal Gratings ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

Short-term adaptation to moving sinusoidal gratings results in a motion aftereffect which decays in time. The time decay of the motion aftereffect has been measured psychophysically, and it is found to depend on (i) the spontaneous recovery from the adapted state, and (ii) the contrast of the test grating. We have measured the decays for various test conditions. An extrapolation of the measurements allows us to obtain a decay which represents the time course of the spontaneous recovery of the direction-sensitive mechanisms.

scholarly journals Asymmetric short-term adaptation of the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex in humans

2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Marti ◽  
Christopher J. Bockisch ◽  
Dominik Straumann
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Ocular Reflex ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Vestibulo Ocular Reflex

scholarly journals Short-term adaptation of saccades does not affect smooth pursuit eye movement initiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongpeng Sun ◽  
Aleksandra Smilgin ◽  
Marc Junker ◽  
Peter W. Dicke ◽  
Peter Thier
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Movement Initiation ◽  
Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

scholarly journals RNA sequencing reveals metabolic and regulatory changes leading to more robust fermentation performance during short-term adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to lignocellulosic inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlous van Dijk ◽  
Peter Rugbjerg ◽  
Yvonne Nygård ◽  
Lisbeth Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

Abstract Background The limited tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibitors is a major challenge in second-generation bioethanol production, and our understanding of the molecular mechanisms providing tolerance to inhibitor-rich lignocellulosic hydrolysates is incomplete. Short-term adaptation of the yeast in the presence of dilute hydrolysate can improve its robustness and productivity during subsequent fermentation. Results We utilized RNA sequencing to investigate differential gene expression in the industrial yeast strain CR01 during short-term adaptation, mimicking industrial conditions for cell propagation. In this first transcriptomic study of short-term adaption of S. cerevisiae to lignocellulosic hydrolysate, we found that cultures respond by fine-tuned up- and down-regulation of a subset of general stress response genes. Furthermore, time-resolved RNA sequencing allowed for identification of genes that were differentially expressed at 2 or more sampling points, revealing the importance of oxidative stress response, thiamin and biotin biosynthesis. furan-aldehyde reductases and specific drug:H+ antiporters, as well as the down-regulation of certain transporter genes. Conclusions These findings provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing short-term adaptation of S. cerevisiae to lignocellulosic hydrolysate, and suggest new genetic targets for improving fermentation robustness.

scholarly journals Gene-dependent yeast cell death pathway requires AP-3 vesicle trafficking leading to vacuole membrane permeabilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary D Stolp ◽  
Madhura Kulkarni ◽  
Yining Liu ◽  
Chengzhang Zhu ◽  
Alizay Jalisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Vesicle Trafficking ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Membrane Permeabilization ◽  
Cell Death Pathway ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Lysosome Membrane

Unicellular eukaryotes are suggested to undergo self-inflicted destruction. However, molecular details are sparse by comparison to the mechanisms of cell death known for human cells and animal models. Here we report a molecular pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leading to vacuole/lysosome membrane permeabilization and cell death. Following exposure to heat-ramp conditions, a model of environmental stress, we observed that yeast cell death occurs over several hours, suggesting an ongoing molecular dying process. A genome-wide screen for death-promoting factors identified all subunits of the AP-3 adaptor complex. AP-3 promotes stress-induced cell death through its Arf1-GTPase-dependent vesicle trafficking function, which is required to transport and install proteins on the vacuole/lysosome membrane, including a death-promoting protein kinase Yck3. Time-lapse microscopy revealed a sequence of events where AP-3-dependent vacuole permeability occurs hours before the loss of plasma membrane integrity. An AP-3-dependent cell death pathway appears to be conserved in the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document