scholarly journals Expression of angiogenic markers in jawbones and femur in a rat model treated with zoledronic acid

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Li ◽  
Jing Yi Wang ◽  
Ru Qing Yu ◽  
Lei Huo ◽  
Li Wu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the gene expression of angiogenic marker in surgically treated jawbones and femur on a rat model administrated with zoledronic acid. Results No soft tissue fenestration or bone exposure was found in femur. Delayed soft tissue healing was found in both ZA group (3 in mandible, 4 in maxilla) and control group (1 in mandible, 2 in maxilla), while exposed bone was found only in the ZA group (1 in maxilla, 2 in mandible). RT-PCR analysis demonstrated no significant difference in gene expression of angiogenetic markers between ZA-treated and control groups in femur and mandible. In the maxilla, the expression of VEGFA and VEGFR-2 in medium-term ZA group was significantly down-regulated compared with that in the control. The ZA treatment does not change significantly the expression of the angiogenic factors in femur and mandible, but significantly downregulates the expression in maxilla in this rat model. The angiogenesis inhibition may contribute to the development of MRONJ but does not play a key role.

Investigation of TAp63 gene Expression and Follicle Count Using Melatonin in Cisplatin-induced Ovarian Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacı Öztürk Şahin ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Duran ◽  
Fatma Sılan ◽  
Ece Sılan ◽  
Duygu Sıddıkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Twenty nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (Group 1), cisplatin group (Group 2), and cisplatin+melatonin group (Group 3). While the rats in Groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in Group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapited. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology. Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (p:0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to Group 2 (p:0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p:0.102 and p:0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in Group 2 as compared to control group (p:0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin+melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p:0.34). Conclusion: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage.

scholarly journals Comparison of the results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in different age groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3888
Author(s):  
Ali Borekoglu ◽  
Ibrahim Atilla Aridogan ◽  
Mutlu Deger ◽  
Onur Karsli ◽  
Volkan Izol
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Background: Evaluation of feasibility, safety and effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in different age groups.Methods: Between July 1997-October 2012, 233 patients who were 65 years old and older were included in this study. These patients were divided into two age subgroups used in gerontology research. Group 1 was defined as patients 65-74 years old, Group 2 was older than 74 years old. Data from patient records, including demographic characteristics, preoperative evaluation, operative details, and complications were retrospectively analyzed and compared with control group data.Results: The mean age of 233 patients was 69.7±4.6 years. The mean operative times for Group 1, group 2 and the control group were 76.2±47.3mins, 92.9±47.6mins, 77±44mins, respectively and there was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 and the control group (p>0.05). Twenty-eight of the 233 patients (12%) needed blood transfusion due to perioperative bleeding. The transfusion rates of groups 1 and 2 were 11.3% and 16.7%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups and control group for blood transfusion rates (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in complications between the study and control groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: In geriatric patients, stone-free rates, transfusion rates and other operation parameters are similar to younger populations when experienced surgeons perform PCNL. Despite comorbidities and decreased body reserve, PCNL can be performed without a significant increase in complications in different ages.

Evaluation of oxidant and antioxidant status in infants with hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Doğan ◽  
Erdal Peker ◽  
Ercan Kirimi ◽  
Ertan Sal ◽  
Sinan Akbayram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Sulfhydryl Group ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine oxidant and antioxidant status in infants with hyperbilirubinemia and/or kernicterus and to find whether there is a relationship between bilirubin level and oxidant/antioxidant status. Patients: The study includes 69 full-term newborns (neonates with hyperbilirubinemia needing phototherapy [Group 1, n = 36] and neonates with kernicterus [Group 2, n = 33]) and 25 age-matched healthy newborn. Results: Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum total oxidant status (TOS) were significantly higher in Groups 1 and 2 than the control group. There was a significant difference between Group 1 and control cases for malondialdehyde (MDA; p < 0.001). Total free sulfhydryl group (TTHI) values were significantly elevated in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and control cases. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between total bilirubin (TB) and TAC, TOS, MDA and oxidative stress index may be expressed by a quadratic curve. After phototherapy, a statistically significant increase in nitrite level was observed. Conclusion: We demonstrated that the relationship between serum TB and antioxidants and oxidative stress could be expressed by a quadratic correlation curve.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of using text and pictograms on oral rehydration, dry-mixture sachet labels

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Heyns ◽  
Mea Van Huyssteen ◽  
Angeni Bheekie
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

Background: Medication labels are often the only information available to patients after obtaining medication from a healthcare practitioner. Pictograms are graphic symbols that have shown to increase understanding of medicine use instructions.Aim: To compare the accuracy of the interpretation of medicine use instructions from two different oral rehydration (OR) dry-mixture sachet labels – the control ‘routine textonly’ label and an experimental label with ‘text-and-pictograms’.Setting: Participants were recruited from waiting rooms in public primary health care (PHC) facilities in Cape Town.Method: Each participant was required to answer six questions about OR preparation. Response accuracy was determined by comparing the participant’s answer to the actual information written on the relevant label. Afterwards, participants could offer their opinion about the label and ways to improve their understanding.Results: Of the 132 participants who were recruited, 67 were allocated to the experimental group and 65 to the control group. Only the significant difference between the experimental and control groups for the six questions regarding the label, was recorded for the answer that could be read from a single pictogram (p = 0.00) on the experimental group’s label. When asked about this question, more control participants (15/65) found the dosing instruction difficult to understand when compared to the experimental group (1/67). A third of the control participants (22/65) indicated that they could not see or locate instructions on the label.Conclusion: Text and pictograms on written medicine labels may be an effective tool to aid understanding of medicine use instructions amongst patients attending PHC facilities.

scholarly journals The impact of hypoestrogenism and occlusal function on MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 expression in the odontogenic region in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e47810515311
Author(s):  
Isabela Ribeiro Madalena ◽  
Claudia Salete Judachesci ◽  
Erika Calvano Küchler ◽  
Paulo Nelson-Filho ◽  
Lucas Alexandre Ramazzotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Estrogen Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mmp13 Expression

Background: The impact of estrogen deficiency and occlusion in the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in dental tissues has not yet been elucidated. Objective: To evaluate the influence of estrogen deficiency and occlusal hypofunction and hyperfunction on the gene expression of MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 in the odontogenic region of teeth in continuous growth, in the murine model. Material and methods: Rats (Wistar Hannover lineage) were divided into two groups according to the intervention received: Hypoestrogenism Group - ovariectomy surgery and Control Group - fictitious surgery. Occlusal hypofunction and hyperfunction conditions were also established in all animals (each animal presented both conditions). After euthanasia, the hemimandibles were removed to evaluate the gene expression through real time PCR. T-test was used to compare the mean differences between groups (P<0.05). Results: There was no statistically significant difference of the relative gene expression of MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 between the hypoestrogenism and control groups (P>0.05). A statistically significant difference of the relative MMP13 expression between the occlusal hypofunction and hyperfunction tooth was observed (P=0.03). In the hypoestrogenism group, MMP13 was overexpressed in hypofunction tooth (P=0.045). Conclusion: Occlusal function affects MMP13 expression in the odontogenic region, in murine model.

scholarly journals A New Non-Uremic Rat Model of Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis

2011 ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-M. PENG ◽  
Z.-J. SHU ◽  
L. XIAO ◽  
L. SUN ◽  
W.-B. TANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Glucose Group

Together with the development of peritoneal dialysis (PD), appropriate animal models play an important role in the investigation of physiological, pathophysiological and clinical aspects of PD. However, there is still not an ideal experimental PD animal model. In this study, 45 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n=15) was receiving daily peritoneal injection through the catheter connected to the abdominal cavity, using PD solution containing 3.86 % D-glucose. Group 2 (n=15) was receiving daily peritoneal injection of 0.9 % physiological saline through a catheter. Group 3 (n=15), which was subjected to sham operation, served as controls. Our results showed that WBC counts in peritoneal effluent of Group 1 were slightly higher than those of Group 2 and control group, respectively (p<0.05). However, there was no episode of infection in any group. In addition, there was no significant difference in neutrophils fractions among these three groups. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining demonstrated a dramatic increase in thickness of the mesothelium-to-muscle layer of peritoneum exposed to high glucose (Group 1) compared to Group 2 and controls (p<0.01). These data indicated that we established a novel rat model of PD with a modified catheter insertion method. This model is more practical, easy to operate, not too expensive and it will facilitate the investigate of long-term effects of PD.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin in comparison with Leukocyte-Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Outcome after Dentoalveolar Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alaa Z. Makki ◽  
Anoud M. Alsulami ◽  
Arwa S. Almatrafi ◽  
Moroj Z. Sindi ◽  
Shahinaz N. Sembawa
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soft Tissue Healing ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Healing Index ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
And Control

Background and Purpose. Some physiological changes may occur following tooth extraction, and symptoms during the postextraction period may affect the patient’s quality of life. Many techniques have been developed to improve postextraction pain and soft tissue healing. Accordingly, this study will compare the postextraction pain and early soft tissue healing characteristics of extraction sites treated with leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). The aim is to evaluate the effect of advanced PRF in comparison with L-PRF on soft tissue healing and pain after teeth extraction and to advice dental practitioner to use the advanced PRF in clinic to enhance soft tissue healing and decrease pain. Methods. The study included 60 patients according to sample size calculation, recruited from patients seeking tooth extraction at oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic at Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Dentistry. Patients were divided into three groups. Group Ӏ included 20 patients managed by advanced platelet-rich fibrin after extraction. Group ӀӀ included 20 patients managed by leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin after tooth extraction. Group ӀII included 20 patients left without any addition. Each group was further subdivided into surgical and nonsurgical extraction. Afterwards, patients in each group were assessed for postextraction pain by VAS, number of analgesics, and early soft tissue healing by LWHI. Results. The study outcomes demonstrate that the use of A-PRF significantly reduces postoperative pain in the 1st and 2nd day. VAS pain scores on the first day were significantly higher in the control surgical extraction group and L-PRF nonsurgical extraction group. In early soft tissue healing. The Landry Wound Healing Index (LWHI) was used after 1 and 2 weeks of extraction to evaluate the extraction site. In first week, the A-PRF group and L-PRF group (nonsurgical extraction) had a better healing index when compared to control group, and A-PRF group (surgical extraction) had a best healing index when compared to L-PRF and control groups. In the second week, individuals in the A-PRF group (surgical and nonsurgical extraction) had a better healing index when compared to L-PRF and control groups.

scholarly journals Lithium disilicate and peek implant-retained single crowns - a randomized, prospective clinical study

2022 ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Ena Joksimovic ◽  
Miodrag Scepanovic ◽  
Danijela Staletovic ◽  
Mirjana Pejic-Duspara ◽  
Borivoj Bijelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Crowns

Introduction/Objective. Comparing two materials under the same conditions is the best way to define differences between them. PEEK is a polymer that has many possible uses in dentistry as already well-known lithium disilicate ceramics. The aim of this study was to compare peri-implant soft tissue healing and evaluate patient satisfaction with esthetics in different observation periods, as well as the success and survival rate of both types of crowns. Methods. The study was conducted as a clinical, prospective, randomized split-mouth study on 17 patients with bilaterally missing upper teeth of the same type, replaced with dental implants. Study outcomes have been analyzed with subjective (VAS scale) and objective parameters (MBI, MPI and PPD) baseline, six and twelve months after fixing crowns onto the implants. Results. Comparison of the results between PEEK and lithium disilicate crowns showed no statistical differences in terms of MPI, MBI and PPD in the observed periods. Analyzing MPI during observation periods in the PEEK group of crowns, statistical significance was registered between baseline values and after 6 months. Also, statistical significance was noticed in terms of PPD during the observation time both in the study and control group of crowns. Results for VAS for the esthetics showed no statistically significant difference between the groups, while VAS for restoration satisfaction showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion. This study showed that scores of the applied subjective and objective parameters can be a reliable tool to rate the clinical outcome of implant-retained single crowns over time.

Pharmacokinetics of Moxifloxacin in A 5/6th Nephrectomized Rat Model

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-755
Author(s):  
Hariprasath Kothandam ◽  
Venkatesh Palaniyappan ◽  
Sudheer Babu Idpuganti ◽  
Umamaheswari Muthusamy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Peak Plasma Concentration ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Moxifloxacin (MFLX) is a new 8-methoxyfluoroquinolone derivative with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. MFLX at doses of 200 and 400 mg was selected to conduct the pharmacokinetic study and the drug was given orally to control and nephrectomized rats. A 5/6th nephrectomized rat model was used in this study. The drug levels in the plasma were determined using a spectrofluorimetric assay. The pharmacokinetic parameters viz. peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC0-8) of the nephrectomized and control rats were compared. The Cmax for both 200 and 400 mg dose of MFLX in nephrectomized rats showed significant difference(P<0.001) from the control group, which reveals the changes in the Cmax of MFLX in renal failure. The AUC0-8 for both 200 and 400 mg dose of MFLX in nephrectomized rats differ significantly (P<0.001) from sham operated control group, which implies the variation in MFLX availability in altered renal function. The AUC0-8 for 400 mg dose of MFLX in nephrectomized rats differ significantly from 200 mg dose of MFLX in nephrectomized group, which reveals that in higher dose, MFLX shows an abrupt increase in the drug availability in renal failure. It is conclude that preclinical drug monitoring of moxifloxacin in laboratory animals can be performed by using 5/6th nephrectomized rat models for determining the dose of MFLX for kidney failured patients. Various pharmacokinetic parameters determined differed in nephrectomised rats when compared to the control.

scholarly journals Red cell distribution width as a prognostic marker in septic neonates versus healthy term newborns

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Saran Sarma ◽  
Madhu George ◽  
Abdul Tawab ◽  
Ann Mary Zacharias
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Background: We evaluated the usefulness of RDW (red cell distribution width) as a diagnostic tool in newborn sepsis. Several biomarkers for sepsis have been studied including CRP (C-reactive protein), procalcitonin, interleukins, total WBC count (TC) absolute neutrophil count (ANC), ratio of immature neutrophils to total neutrophils (I/T ratio). An ideal biomarker for sepsis is still elusive. Hence we evaluated RDW as a sepsis marker as it was cheap and available. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of RDW as a prognostic marker in newborn sepsis compared to healthy newborns.Methods: The study sample comprised of two groups (cases and control group) each with 40 neonates. Group 1 (cases group) comprised 40 newborns with suspected/probable sepsis based on clinical or laboratory parameters. In group 1 (suspected/probable sepsis) RDW was done at the time of suspicion of sepsis along with other relevant investigations. According to the clinical course these parameters were repeated 24-48 hrs after first value. Group 2 (control group) comprised 40 normal newborns in the postnatal ward. For the control group blood sampling for CBC and RDW was done simultaneously along with blood sampling for newborn screening.Results: On comparing the baseline variables there is no significant difference among cases and control group with respect to gender distribution, age in days, gestational age in weeks and birth weight. The mean RDW among the cases group was significantly higher than among the control group. In ROC analysis we obtained a cut off value of RDW of 17.25 is helpful to diagnose sepsis with reasonable sensitivity (70%) and specificity (60%).Conclusions: This study revealed that RDW may also be included in the diagnosis of sepsis in newborns as it is a simple, inexpensive, available and easily repeated test as it is routinely done with a complete blood count. 

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