scholarly journals Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-induced bacterial perturbation contributes to altered host-bacterial co-metabolic phenotype

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia V. Li ◽  
Hutan Ashrafian ◽  
Magali Sarafian ◽  
Daniel Homola ◽  
Laura Rushton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery, used to achieve effective weight loss in individuals with severe obesity, modifies the gut microbiota and systemic metabolism in both humans and animal models. The aim of the current study was to understand better the metabolic functions of the altered gut microbiome by conducting deep phenotyping of bariatric surgery patients and bacterial culturing to investigate causality of the metabolic observations. Methods Three bariatric cohorts (n = 84, n = 14 and n = 9) with patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or laparoscopic gastric banding (LGB), respectively, were enrolled. Metabolic and 16S rRNA bacterial profiles were compared between pre- and post-surgery. Faeces from RYGB patients and bacterial isolates were cultured to experimentally associate the observed metabolic changes in biofluids with the altered gut microbiome. Results Compared to SG and LGB, RYGB induced the greatest weight loss and most profound metabolic and bacterial changes. RYGB patients showed increased aromatic amino acids-based host-bacterial co-metabolism, resulting in increased urinary excretion of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, phenylacetylglutamine, 4-cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate, and increased faecal excretion of tyramine and phenylacetate. Bacterial degradation of choline was increased as evidenced by altered urinary trimethylamine-N-oxide and dimethylamine excretion and faecal concentrations of dimethylamine. RYGB patients’ bacteria had a greater capacity to produce tyramine from tyrosine, phenylalanine to phenylacetate and tryptophan to indole and tryptamine, compared to the microbiota from non-surgery, normal weight individuals. 3-Hydroxydicarboxylic acid metabolism and urinary excretion of primary bile acids, serum BCAAs and dimethyl sulfone were also perturbed following bariatric surgery. Conclusion Altered bacterial composition and metabolism contribute to metabolic observations in biofluids of patients following RYGB surgery. The impact of these changes on the functional clinical outcomes requires further investigation.

scholarly journals POSTOPERATIVE CHANGES IN INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND USE OF PROBIOTICS IN ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS AND SLEEVE VERTICAL GASTRECTOMY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Ramori Farinha WAGNER ◽  
Marilia Rizzon ZAPAROLLI ◽  
Magda Rosa Ramos CRUZ ◽  
Maria Eliana Madalozzo SCHIEFERDECKER ◽  
Antônio Carlos Ligocki CAMPOS
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Vertical Gastrectomy ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Changes ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction: Studies suggest that weight loss induced by bariatric surgery and the remission of some comorbidities may be related to changes in the microbiota profile of individuals undergoing this procedure. In addition, there is evidence that manipulation of the intestinal microbiota may prove to be a therapeutic approach against obesity and metabolic diseases. Objective: To verify the changes that occur in the intestinal microbiota of patients undergoing bariatric surgery, and the impact of the usage of probiotics in this population. Methods: Articles published between 2007 and 2017 were searched in Medline, Lilacs and Pubmed with the headings: bariatric surgery, microbiota, microbiome and probiotics, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Of the 166 articles found, only those studies in adults subjected to either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve vertical gastrectomy published in original articles were enrolled. In the end, five studies on the change of intestinal microbiota composition, four on the indirect effects of those changes and three on the probiotics administration on this population were enrolled and characterized. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery provides changes in intestinal microbiota, with a relative increase of the Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla and reduction of Firmicutes. This is possibly due to changes in the gastro-intestinal flux, coupled with a reduction in acidity, in addition to changes in eating habits. The usage of probiotics seems to reduce the gastro-intestinal symptoms in the post-surgery, favor the increase of vitamin B12 synthesis, as well as potentiate weight loss.

scholarly journals 0876 Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Low PAP Use, and Daytime Sleepiness are Associated with Weight Regain Following Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents with Severe Obesity

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A334-A334
Author(s):  
J L Kaar ◽  
L Patten ◽  
A Kaizer ◽  
S M Hawkins ◽  
J M Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Significant weight loss is seen following bariatric surgery, leading to an ameliorative effect on obesity-related comorbidities such as OSA. Weight loss maintenance is a priority, and identifying factors that may be associated with weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery is of high importance. The current study examined whether OSA symptoms and PAP therapy were associated with weight outcomes following bariatric surgery in adolescents. Methods Participants from the Teen-LABS Study, which follows adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery were examined. Demographic and anthropometric data, OSA diagnosis, and PAP prescription and self-reported usage information were assessed 6 months before surgery. Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) responses were utilized from baseline to 48 months post-surgery. All analyses were adjusted for time, age, sex, surgery type, and ethnicity. Results 242 adolescents (76% female, 72% White, age at surgery = 16.6 [1.6] years) were included. 57% had a diagnosis of OSA at pre-surgical baseline, and 56% of adolescents with OSA reported PAP use at pre-surgery. BMI increase over time from year 1-4 post-surgery was 11% more for those with high PSQ severity compared to those with low PSQ severity (p = 0.01). Those with pre-surgical OSA that reported using PAP “often” or “always” at baseline had an 8% lower increase in BMI from year 1-4 post-surgery compared to those that reported using PAP “rarely” or “sometimes” at baseline (p = 0.004). Finally, endorsing daytime sleepiness on the PSQ was associated with a 11% greater increase in BMI during years 1-4 post-surgery (p = 0.01). Conclusion OSA and daytime sleepiness may be associated with greater weight regain following bariatric surgery in adolescents. Adherence to PAP therapy pre-surgery may be a protective factor in preventing or reducing weight regain following surgery. Daytime sleepiness may be an effect of OSA, or due to the insufficient sleep that is prevalent among adolescents. Research is needed to examine the impact of additional aspects of sleep health such as duration, timing, and quality on health outcomes, as well as the impact of PAP adherence and sleep interventions on weight regain following bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity. Support None.

scholarly journals Microbial Adaptation Due to Gastric Bypass Surgery: The Nutritional Impact

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Crommen ◽  
Alma Mattes ◽  
Marie-Christine Simon
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
The Impact

Bariatric surgery leads to sustained weight loss and the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities. Recent studies have suggested that changes in gut microbiota are associated with the weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. Several studies have observed major changes in the microbial composition following gastric bypass surgery. However, there are inconsistencies between the reported alterations in microbial compositions in different studies. Furthermore, it is well established that diet is an important factor shaping the composition and function of intestinal microbiota. However, most studies on gastric bypass have not assessed the impact of dietary intake on the microbiome composition in general, let alone the impact of restrictive diets prior to bariatric surgery, which are recommended for reducing liver fat content and size. Thus, the relative impact of bariatric surgery on weight loss and gut microbiota remains unclear. Therefore, this review aims to provide a deeper understanding of the current knowledge of the changes in intestinal microbiota induced by bariatric surgery considering pre-surgical nutritional changes.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass profoundly changes gut microbiota compared to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a metagenomic comparative analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Farin ◽  
Florian Plaza Oñate ◽  
Jonathan Plassais ◽  
Christophe Bonny ◽  
Christoph Beglinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Functional Profiles

AbstractBackgroundBariatric surgery is an effective therapeutic procedure for morbidly obese patients as it induces sustained weight loss. The two most common interventions are Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) and Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB).ObjectiveCharacterizing the gut microbiota changes induced by LSG and LRYGB.Design89 and 108 patients who underwent LSG and LRYGB respectively, were recruited from three countries: USA, France and Switzerland. Stools were collected before and 6 months after surgery. Microbial DNA was analysed with shotgun metagenomic sequencing (SOLiD 5500xl Wildfire). MSPminer, a novel innovative tool to characterize new in silico biological entities, was used to identify 715 Metagenomic Species Pan-genome (MSPs). 148 functional modules were analysed using GOmixer and KEGG database.ResultsBoth interventions resulted in a similar increase of Shannon’s diversity index and gene richness of gut microbiota, in parallel with weight loss, but the changes of microbial composition were different. LRYGB led to higher relative abundance of aero-tolerant bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and buccal species, such as Streptococcus and Veillonella spp. In contrast, anaerobes such as Clostridium were more abundant after LSG, suggesting better conservation of anaerobic conditions in the gut. Function-level changes included higher potential for bacterial use of supplements such as vitamin B12, B1 and iron upon LRYGB. Moreover, after LRYGB, potential for nitrate and Trimethylamine oxidized (TMAO) respiration was detected.ConclusionMicrobiota changes after bariatric surgery depend on the nature of the intervention. LRYGB induces greater taxonomic and functional changes in gut microbiota than LSG and may lead to a more dysbiotic microbiome. Possible long-term health consequences of these alterations remain to be established.Significance of this studyWhat is already known on this subject?Previous studies have reported changes of microbial composition after bariatric surgery with shotgun metagenomics, but lacked statistical power to document the changes. Important shifts in gut microbiome have been observed after LRYGB and LSG with an increase of aerotolerants from buccal microbiota. However, it is not clear how different the changes are between LRYGB and LSG although both procedures induce quite similar results with respect to weight loss, comorbidities remission and global glycaemic improvement outcomes.What are the new findings?LSG and LRYGB have specific but different impacts on gut microbial composition 6 months after bariatric surgery. The changes could be related to specific physiological effects. LRYGB promotes an important invasion of oral colonizers with Veillonella and Streptococcus genera. In contrast, these changes were less important after LSG. Moreover, microbial transportation potential of iron and vitamin B12 were also higher after LRYGB than LSG. We concluded that the type of surgery leads to different gut microbiome and functional profiles.How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?Microbiome composition and functional profiles are not altered to the same extent by LRYGB and LSG 6 months after surgery. This difference should be considered when advising the patient on the type of bariatric surgery or post op diet.

scholarly journals Effects of obesity and weight loss on microRNA expression in the human colorectal mucosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Breininger ◽  
Laura Sabater ◽  
Fiona Malcomson ◽  
Sorena Afshar ◽  
Jelena Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Microrna Expression ◽  
Colorectal Mucosa ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractIntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer worldwide. Obesity, and its lifestyle determinants, physical inactivity and poor diet, increase CRC risk. However, the effects of weight loss by bariatric surgery on CRC risk are unclear. Epigenetic mechanisms involving microRNAs that lead to dysregulated gene expression may mediate the effects of obesity and weight loss on CRC risk. We hypothesised that microRNAs are i) aberrantly expressed in obese individuals compared with healthy non-obese individuals and ii) modulated by significant weight loss following bariatric surgery.MethodsWe used data and samples from the Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer after Bariatric Surgery (BOCABS) Study. Obese patients listed for bariatric surgery and age- and sex-matched healthy non-obese adults (Controls) were recruited at North Tyneside General Hospital. Rectal mucosal biopsies were collected at baseline and six months post-surgery from obese participants and at baseline only from Controls. Using Next Generation Sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, a panel of 8 microRNAs was selected and validated by quantitative PCR in colorectal mucosal biopsies.Results and discussionData were available for 20 control participants and for 22 obese participants with matched pre- and post-surgery samples. Next Generation Sequencing revealed that compared with non-obese individuals, obese individuals showed differential expression of 112 microRNAs (p < 0.05). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, resulted in differential expression of 60 microRNAs, when compared with expression levels at baseline (p < 0.05). A total of 36 microRNAs differed significantly in both i) the obese with non-obese and ii) the pre- and post-surgery comparisons. Validation by quantitative PCR demonstrated that expression of miR-31, miR-215, miR-3196 and miR-4516 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in obese than in non-obese individuals. Weight loss, (mean 28.5kg) following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, reduced expression of miR-31, miR-215 and miR-3196 significantly (P < 0.05) to expression levels that were comparable with those in Controls. These differentially expressed microRNAs are implicated in pathways linked with inflammation, obesity and cancer.ConclusionThe pattern of microRNA expression in macroscopically-normal human colorectal mucosa differed substantially between obese and non-obese individuals. However, six months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, the pattern of microRNA expression was similar to that in non-obese Controls. This suggests that surgically-induced weight loss may normalise microRNA expression in the human colorectal mucosa and so reduce CRC risk.

scholarly journals Comparison of Linear versus Circular-Stapled Gastroenterostomy in Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen M. Romeijn ◽  
Stijn van Hoef ◽  
Loes Janssen ◽  
Kelly G. H. van de Pas ◽  
François M. H. van Dielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stapling Technique ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss Outcomes ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background When performing a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), the gastroenterostomy can be constructed with a circular stapled or linear stapled technique. The size of the gastroenterostomy depends on the stapling method and this may affect weight loss outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the stapling technique on weight loss outcomes after RYGB. Methods This is a nationwide population-based cohort study of patients that received a RYGB. Data were derived from the Dutch Audit of Treatment of Obesity. Primary outcome was the impact of stapling technique on the rate of non-response defined as significant weight regain (≥20% of a patients’ lost weight) 2–4 years post-surgery, after initial successful weight loss (≥20% total weight loss, TWL). Secondary outcomes were the rate of response, defined as successful weight loss (≥20% TWL) within 1.5 years post-surgery, the incidence of complications and the progression of comorbidities. Results In a cohort of 12,468 patients, non-response was equally distributed between both groups (circular 18.0% vs. linear 17.6%). No differences in response rate (circular 97.0% vs. linear 96.5%) or %TWL were observed up to 4 years post-surgery. Patients in the circular stapled group experienced more complications, specifically major bleedings (2.4% vs. 1.2%; p=0.002) within 30 days postoperatively. No differences were found in deteriorated comorbidities, neither in de novo developed comorbidities. Conclusion When comparing stapling technique in RYGB, weight loss outcomes did not differ during a 4-year follow-up period. The linear stapled gastroenterostomy could pose an advantage due to its lower complication rate. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery Significantly Improves Carotid and Cardiac Function in Apparently Healthy People with Morbid Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 3776-3783
Author(s):  
Alessandro Giudici ◽  
Carlo Palombo ◽  
Michaela Kozakova ◽  
Carmela Morizzo ◽  
Lorenzo Losso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Obesity clearly increases cardiovascular risk, often inducing high blood pressure (BP), impaired left ventricular (LV) function, and increased arterial stiffness. Intensive weight loss and bariatric surgery induce improvement in hypertension and diabetes for morbid obesity. Carotid artery haemodynamics is a powerful prognostic indicator for stroke and cognitive decline independent of BP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 3-stage bariatric strategy of diet, bariatric surgery, and consequent weight loss on carotid haemodynamics and cardiac diastolic function. Material and Methods This prospective study included 26 patients (45 ± 10 years, 4 men) with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery without comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, etc.). Anthropometry, BP, Doppler echocardiography, and common carotid haemodynamics by ultrasound were measured at three times: (1) baseline, (2) after 1-month diet (post-diet), and (3) 8 months after surgery (post-surgery). The lnDU-loop method was used to estimate local carotid pulse wave velocity (ncPWV). Results Baseline BMI was 47.9 ± 7.1 kg/m2 and reduced by 5% and 30% post-diet and post-surgery, respectively. BP decreased only post-diet, without pulse pressure change. However, ncPWV, 6.27 ± 1.35 m/s at baseline, was significantly reduced by 10% and 23% post-diet and post-surgery, respectively, also adjusted for BP changes. The E/A ratio rose from 0.95 ± 0.20 to 1.27 ± 0.31 (p < 0.005), without change in LV geometry or mass, while heart rate and cardiac output fell substantially. Conclusion Weight loss following diet and bariatric surgery is associated with reduced carotid arterial stiffness and improved LV diastolic function. Diet and bariatric surgery are effective treatments for morbid obesity with its concomitant adverse cardiovascular effects.

scholarly journals Recombinant Human Leptin Does Not Alter Gut Hormone Levels after Gastric Bypass but May Attenuate Sweet Cravings

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rushika Conroy ◽  
Gerardo Febres ◽  
Donald J. McMahon ◽  
Michael O. Thorner ◽  
Bruce D. Gaylinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Sweet Cravings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Reduced State

Bariatric surgery improves glucose homeostasis and alters gut hormones partly independent of weight loss. Leptin plays a role in these processes; levels are decreased following bariatric surgery, creating a relative leptin insufficiency. We previously showed that leptin administration in a weight-reduced state after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) caused no further weight loss. Here, we discuss the impact of leptin administration on gut hormones, glucostasis, and appetite. Weight stable women after RYGB were randomized to receive placebo or recombinant human metreleptin (0.05 mg/kg twice daily). At weeks 0 and 16, a liquid meal challenge was performed. Glucose, insulin, C-peptide, GLP-1, PYY, glucagon, and ghrelin (total, acyl, and desacyl) were measured fasting and postprandially. Appetite was assessed using a visual analog scale. Mean post-op period was53±2.3months; mean BMI was34.6±0.2 kg/m2. At 16 weeks, there was no significant change in weight within or between groups. Fasting PYY was significantly different between groups and the leptin group had lower sweets craving at week 16 than the placebo group (P<0.05). No other differences were observed. Leptin replacement does not alter gut hormones or glucostasis but may diminish sweet cravings compared to placebo in this population of post-RYGB women.

scholarly journals Associations between Pre-Bariatric High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Post-Surgery Outcomes

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Tannaz Jamialahmadi ◽  
Mohsen Nematy ◽  
Simona Bo ◽  
Valentina Ponzo ◽  
Ali Jangjoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: Obesity is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with increased circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). Bariatric surgery has been reported to be effective in improving both inflammatory and liver status. Our aims were to elucidate the relationships between pre-surgery high sensitivity-CRP (hs-CRP) values and post-surgery weight loss and liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with severe obesity undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Methods: We conducted an observational prospective study on 90 individuals with morbid obesity, who underwent gastric bypass. Anthropometric indices, laboratory assessment (lipid panel, glycemic status, liver enzymes, and hs-CRP), liver stiffness and steatosis were evaluated at baseline and 6-months after surgery. Results: There was a significant post-surgery reduction in all the anthropometric variables, with an average weight loss of 33.93 ± 11.79 kg; the mean percentage of total weight loss (TWL) was 27.96 ± 6.43%. Liver elasticity was significantly reduced (from 6.1 ± 1.25 to 5.42 ± 1.52 kPa; p = 0.002), as well as liver aminotransferases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) and the grade of steatosis. Serum hs-CRP levels significantly reduced (from 9.26 ± 8.45 to 3.29 ± 4.41 mg/L; p < 0.001). The correlations between hs-CRP levels and liver fibrosis (elastography), steatosis (ultrasonography), fibrosis-4 index, NFS, and surgery success rate were not significant. Regression analyses showed that serum hs-CRP levels were not predictive of liver status and success rate after surgery in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Conclusions: In patients with morbid obesity, bariatric surgery caused a significant decrease in hs-CRP levels, liver stiffness and steatosis. Baseline hs-CRP values did not predict the weight-loss success rate and post-surgery liver status.

scholarly journals Orosensory Perception of Fat/Sweet Stimuli and Appetite-Regulating Peptides before and after Sleeve Gastrectomy or Gastric Bypass in Adult Women with Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Arnaud Bernard ◽  
Johanne Le Beyec-Le Bihan ◽  
Loredana Radoi ◽  
Muriel Coupaye ◽  
Ouidad Sami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to explore the impact of bariatric surgery on fat and sweet taste perceptions and to determine the possible correlations with gut appetite-regulating peptides and subjective food sensations. Women suffering from severe obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) were studied 2 weeks before and 6 months after a vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG, n = 32) or a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n = 12). Linoleic acid (LA) and sucrose perception thresholds were determined using the three-alternative forced-choice procedure, gut hormones were assayed before and after a test meal and subjective changes in oral food sensations were self-reported using a standardized questionnaire. Despite a global positive effect of both surgeries on the reported gustatory sensations, a change in the taste sensitivity was only found after RYGB for LA. However, the fat and sweet taste perceptions were not homogenous between patients who underwent the same surgery procedure, suggesting the existence of two subgroups: patients with and without taste improvement. These gustatory changes were not correlated to the surgery-mediated modifications of the main gut appetite-regulating hormones. Collectively these data highlight the complexity of relationships between bariatric surgery and taste sensitivity and suggest that VSG and RYGB might impact the fatty taste perception differently.

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