scholarly journals Extrusion-based additive manufacturing of fungal-based composite materials using the tinder fungus Fomes fomentarius

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiyou Chen ◽  
Amanmyrat Abdullayev ◽  
Maged F. Bekheet ◽  
Bertram Schmidt ◽  
Isabel Regler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Fomes Fomentarius

Abstract Background Recent efforts in fungal biotechnology aim to develop new concepts and technologies that convert renewable plant biomass into innovative biomaterials. Hereby, plant substrates become metabolized by filamentous fungi to transform them into new fungal-based materials. Current research is thus focused on both understanding and optimizing the biology and genetics underlying filamentous fungal growth and on the development of new technologies to produce customized fungal-based materials. Results This manuscript reports the production of stable pastes, composed of Fomes fomentarius mycelium, alginate and water with 71 wt.% mycelium in the solid content, for additive manufacturing of fungal-based composite materials. After printing complex shapes, such as hollow stars with up to 39 mm in height, a combination of freeze-drying and calcium-crosslinking processes allowed the printed shapes to remain stable even in the presence of water. The printed objects show low bulk densities of 0.12 ± 0.01 g/cm3 with interconnected macropores. Conclusions This work reports for the first time the application of mycelium obtained from the tinder fungus F. fomentarius for an extrusion-based additive manufacturing approach to fabricate customized light-weight 3D objects. The process holds great promise for developing light-weight, stable, and porous fungal-based materials that could replace expanded polystyrene produced from fossil resources.

scholarly journals Smooth Design of 3D Self-Supporting Topologies Using Additive Manufacturing Filter and SEMDOT

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Yun-Fei Fu ◽  
Kazem Ghabraie ◽  
Bernard Rolfe ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
Louis N. S. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Compliance Minimization ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Smooth Design ◽  
Compliant Mechanism Design

The smooth design of self-supporting topologies has attracted great attention in the design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) field as it cannot only enhance the manufacturability of optimized designs but can obtain light-weight designs that satisfy specific performance requirements. This paper integrates Langelaar’s AM filter into the Smooth-Edged Material Distribution for Optimizing Topology (SEMDOT) algorithm—a new element-based topology optimization method capable of forming smooth boundaries—to obtain print-ready designs without introducing post-processing methods for smoothing boundaries before fabrication and adding extra support structures during fabrication. The effects of different build orientations and critical overhang angles on self-supporting topologies are demonstrated by solving several compliance minimization (stiffness maximization) problems. In addition, a typical compliant mechanism design problem—the force inverter design—is solved to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the combination between SEMDOT and Langelaar’s AM filter.

Design and Analysis of Hybrid Fused Filament Fabrication Apparatus for Fabrication of Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniket Yadav ◽  
Piyush Chohan ◽  
Ranvijay Kumar ◽  
Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan ◽  
Raman Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Composite Manufacturing ◽  
Tool Paths

Background: Additive manufacturing is the most famous technology which requires materials or composites to be fabricated with layer by layer deposition strategy. Due to its lower cost, higher accuracy and less material wastage; this technology is used in almost every sector. But in many applications there is a need to alter the properties of a product in a certain direction with the help of some reinforcements. With the use of reinforcements, composite layers can be fabricated using additive manufacturing technique which will enhance the directional properties. A novel apparatus is designed to spray the reinforcement material into the printed structures in a very neat and precise manner. This spray nozzle is fully automated, which works according to tool-paths generated by slicing software. The alternate deposition of layers of reinforcement and build materials helped to fabricate customized composite products. Objective: The objective of present study is to design and analyze the working principle of novel technique which has been developed to fabricate composite materials using additive manufacturing. The apparatus is numerically controlled by computer according to CAD data which facilitates the deposition of alternate layers of reinforcement and matrix material. The major challenges during the design process and function of each component has been explored. Methods: The design process is initiated after comprehensive literature review performed to study previous composite manufacturing processes. The recent patents published by different patent offices of the world are studied in detail and analysis has been used to design a low cost composite fabrication apparatus. A liquid dispensing device comprises a storage tank attached with a pump and microprocessor. The microprocessor receives the signal from the computer as per tool paths generated by slicing software which decides the spray of reinforcements on polymer layers. The spraying apparatus moves in coordination with the primary nozzle of the Fused Filament Fabrication process. Results: The hybridization of Fused Filament Fabrication [process with metal spray process has been successfully performed. The apparatus facilitates the fabrication of low cost composite materials along with flexibility of complete customization of composite manufacturing process. The anisotropic behaviour of products can be easily controlled and managed during fabrication which can be used for different applications.

Design for Additive Manufacturing in the Cloud Platform

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanbin Wang ◽  
Robert Blache ◽  
Xun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Full Advantage ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Cloud Platform ◽  
Am Processes

Additive manufacturing (AM) has experienced a phenomenal expansion in recent years and new technologies and materials rapidly emerge in the market. Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) becomes more and more important to take full advantage of the capabilities provided by AM. However, most people still have limited knowledge to make informed decisions in the design stage. Therefore, an interactive DfAM system in the cloud platform is proposed to enable people sharing the knowledge in this field and guide the designers to utilize AM efficiently. There are two major modules in the system, decision support module and knowledge management module. A case study is presented to illustrate how this system can help the designers understand the capabilities of AM processes and make rational decisions.

scholarly journals Preserving the Cellular Tissue Structure of Maize Pith Though Dry Fractionation Processes: A Key Point to Use as Insulating Agro-Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5350
Author(s):  
Claire Mayer-Laigle ◽  
Laia Haurie Ibarra ◽  
Amélie Breysse ◽  
Marina Palumbo ◽  
Frédéric Mabille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Dry Fractionation ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Structural Support ◽  
Electrostatic Separator

Plant biomass has various compositions and structures at different scales (from the component organs to their constitutive tissues) to support its functional properties. Recovering each part of the plant without damaging its structure poses a challenge to preserving its original properties for differential dedicated end uses, and considerably increases its added value. In this work, an original combination of grinding based on shearing stress and separation based on particle size and density was successfully used to sort rind (65% w/w) and pith (35% w/w) from maize stem internodes. More than 97% of the rind was isolated. The pith alveolar structure was well preserved in coarse particles, making them suitable for insulation bio-based composite materials, a promising alternative to conventional nonbiodegradable insulation panels. Boards produced from the dry fractionated pith exhibited thermal conductivities like those produced from hand dissected pith, with values equal to 0.037 W·mK−1 and 0.039 W·mK−1, respectively. In the finest fraction (particle size <1 mm), the pith vascular bundles (around 300–400 µm in diameter) were dissociated from parenchyma cells and successfully isolated using a cutting-edge electrostatic separator. Their structures, which provide the plant structural support, make them potentially valuable for reinforcement in composite materials.

scholarly journals Closing the Loop - Recycling Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Caitlin Bruce
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Material ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
3D Printed

<p>New Zealand is ranked among the top nations in waste production, including a million tonnes of plastic waste. Currently, there are methods for recycling plastic within New Zealand but these methods can be expensive and time-consuming, resulting in most of the plastic being thrown into the landfill. Because plastic does not fully degrade, it ends up in the ocean and other waterways, poisoning the water with toxins. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution to reducing plastic waste by creating an alternative method of recycling that utilises new technologies such as additive manufacturing, to create a building material that fits into the concept of the circular economy. The findings of this research explored the recycling of plastic by collecting plastic waste such as PLA (Polylactic Acid) from old 3D printed models. The plastic was recycled into filament for additive manufacturing (AM) and used to print building tile, establishing an initial proof of concept for the use of recycled plastic as a potential building material.</p>

The Rise of mHealth Research in Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis Koumpouros ◽  
Aggelos Georgoulas
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
Macroscopic Analysis ◽  
Area Of Application

The proliferation of mhealth holds great promise for improving human health. The mhealth industry has developed into a vivid ecosystem, growing steadily over the last years with the adoption of new technologies and business models that are transforming healthcare. To this end, the European Commission launched several initiatives offering great funding opportunities for researchers and organizations. The purpose of this chapter is to provide the readers with a macroscopic analysis of the European mhealth-related funded activities of the last decade. The study examines the current situation and future trends in three main axes (innovation, area of application, and adoption) to assess whether the provided mhealth solutions are positioned to have a fundamental impact on healthcare domain. The mhealth research is accelerating fast and holds great promise, improving both patient outcomes while lowering the healthcare costs.

Direct Laser Fabrication of Compositionally Complex Materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
Jithin Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
Laser Fabrication ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Direct Laser Fabrication ◽  
Aerospace Medical ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Cost Efficient

Additive manufacturing (AM) opens up the possibility of a direct build-up of components with sophisticated internal features or overhangs that are difficult to manufacture by a single conventional method. As a cost-efficient, tool-free, and digital approach to manufacturing components with complex geometries, AM of metals offers many critical benefits to various sectors such as aerospace, medical, automotive, and energy compared to conventional manufacturing processes. Direct laser fabrication (DLF) uses pre-alloyed powder mix or in-situ alloying of the elemental powders for metal additive manufacturing with excellent chemical homogeneity. It, therefore, shows great promise to enable the production of complex engineering components. This technique allows the highest build rates of the AM techniques with no restrictions on deposit size/shape and the fabrication of graded and hybrid materials by simultaneously feeding different filler materials. The advantages and disadvantages of DLF on the fabrication of compositionally complex metallic alloys are discussed in the chapter.

scholarly journals How to Formulate for Structure and Texture via Medium of Additive Manufacturing-A Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azarmidokht Gholamipour-Shirazi ◽  
Michael-Alex Kamlow ◽  
Ian T. Norton ◽  
Tom Mills
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Full Discussion ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
Food Printing ◽  
3D Food Printing

Additive manufacturing, which is also known as 3D printing, is an emerging and growing technology. It is providing significant innovations and improvements in many areas such as engineering, production, medicine, and more. 3D food printing is an area of great promise to provide an indulgence or entertaining experience, personalized food product, or specific nutritional needs. This paper reviews the additive manufacturing methods and materials in detail as well as their advantages and disadvantages. After a full discussion of 3D food printing, the reports on edible printed materials are briefly presented and discussed. In the end, the current and future outlook of additive manufacturing in the food industry is shown.

scholarly journals UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY NETWORKS TO SUPPORT SOCIAL NETWORKS FOR PEOPLE AGING WITH DISABILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S758-S759
Author(s):  
Elena T Remillard ◽  
Wendy Rogers ◽  
Sarah Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Engineering Research

Abstract A growing number of new smart, internet-enabled technologies from smart phone applications, to teleconferencing, to the Internet of Things (IoT), provide great promise and potential to support successful aging-in-place for people with long-term disabilities. This symposium highlights ongoing research at the TechSAge Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center to identify technology needs and develop/adapt new technologies to promote independence, health, and participation of this population. To understand user needs, Harris et al. will present findings from a large-scale interview study with older adults with long-term vision and mobility disabilities (N=120) that explored specific task-based challenges with community activities (e.g., going to entertainment events, volunteering) as well as solutions and strategies to overcome them. Koon et al. will present findings on perceived facilitators and barriers to using digital assistants (e.g., Amazon Alexa) to facilitate a variety of everyday tasks at home, from shopping to communicating with others, among adults aging with mobility disabilities. Levy et al. will discuss findings from research driving the creation of augmented reality tools that can enable individuals to experience how IoT devices, such as smart thermostats and lightbulbs, could be used within the context of one’s own abilities and home. Mitzner et al., will describe the development of a Tele Tai Chi intervention for older adults with long-term mobility disabilities that employs teleconferencing software to translate an in-person, evidence-based class to an online, social experience. TechSAge Program Officer, Sarah Ruiz (National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research), will serve as the discussant.

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