Hydration status, body composition, and anxiety status in aeronautical military personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. Methods A total of 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. Based on these methods, the criteria of hydration were established. Results Of the total sample, 81% met the hydration criteria (urine color = well hydrated, water balance ≥ 0 ml, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 ml/kg), and 19% did not meet the hydration criteria (urine color = not sufficiently hydrated or dehydrated, water balance < 0 ml, and total water intake/weight < 35 ml/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs. 3, P = 0.026), weight [(84.7 ± 10.5) vs. (80.5 ± 10.2) kg], body mass index [(26.3 ± 3.1) vs. (25.2 ± 2.8)]kg/m2, body fat [(22.3 ± 5.6) vs. (18.3 ± 6.5)] %, urine specific gravity, and urine color. Using a logistic binary regression model, hydration status was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (P = 0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidities, or medications. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (r = 0.357, P = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (r = − 0.427, P = 0.000), percentage of body fat (r = − 0.405, P = 0.000), and waist/hip ratio (r = − 0.223, P = 0.002). Based on a linear regression model, total water intake/weight was related significantly with percentage of body fat (P = 0.001) and percentage of body water content (P = 0.035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidities, or medications. Conclusions These findings all suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.

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Hydration Status, Body Composition and Anxiety Status in Aeronautical Military Personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44178/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandra Carretero-Krug ◽

Carlos Velasco ◽

Juan Medina-Font ◽

Trinidad Trujillo Laguna ◽

Gregorio Varela-Moreiras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Water Balance ◽

Body Fat ◽

Water Intake ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Total Water ◽

Percentage Of Body Fat ◽

Urine Color ◽

Total Water Intake

Abstract Background: An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety.Methods: 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. According to that, criteria of hydration was established.Results: 81% of the total sample met hydration criteria (urine color = Well hydrated, Water Balance ≥ 0 mL, and total water intake/weight ≥35 mL/kg) and 19% did not meet hydration criteria (urine color = Not enough hydrated or Dehydrated, Water Balance < 0 mL, and total water intake/weight < 35 mL/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score= 4 vs 3, p=0.026), weight (84.7 ± 10.5 vs 80.5 ± 10.2 Kg), Body Mass Index (26.3 ± 3.1 vs 25.2 ± 2.8 kg/m2), body fat (22.3 ± 5.6 vs 18.3 ± 6.5 %), urine specific gravity and urine color. The Hydration Status, in a logistic binary regression model was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (p=0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidity and medication. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (rho=0.357, p=0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (rho= -0.427, p=0.000), percentage of body fat (rho= -0.405, p=0.000) and waist/hip ratio (rho= -0.223, p=0.002). The total water intake/weight, in a linear regression model was related significantly with the percentages of body fat (p=0.019) and body water (p= 0,035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidity and medication.Conclusion: All these findings suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition, but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.

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Hydration Status, Body Composition and Anxiety Status in Aeronautical Military Personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44178/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandra Carretero-Krug ◽

Carlos Velasco ◽

Juan Medina-Font ◽

Trinidad Trujillo Laguna ◽

Gregorio Varela-Moreiras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Water Balance ◽

Body Fat ◽

Water Intake ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Total Water ◽

Percentage Of Body Fat ◽

Urine Color ◽

Total Water Intake

Abstract BackgroundAn adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety.Methods188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. According to that, criteria of hydration was established. Results81% of the total sample met hydration criteria (urine color = Well hydrated, Water Balance ≥ 0 mL, and total water intake/weight ≥35 mL/kg) and 19% did not meet hydration criteria (urine color = Not enough hydrated or Dehydrated, Water Balance < 0 mL, and total water intake/weight < 35 mL/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score= 4 vs 3, p=0.026), weight (84.7 ± 10.5 vs 80.5 ± 10.2 Kg), Body Mass Index (26.3 ± 3.1 vs 25.2 ± 2.8 kg/m2), body fat (22.3 ± 5.6 vs 18.3 ± 6.5 %), urine specific gravity and urine color. The Hydration Status, in a logistic binary regression model was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (p=0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidity and medication.Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (rho=0.357, p=0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (rho= -0.427, p=0.000), percentage of body fat (rho= -0.405, p=0.000) and waist/hip ratio (rho= -0.223, p=0.002). The total water intake/weight, in a linear regression model was related significantly with the percentages of body fat (p=0.019) and body water (p= 0,035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidity and medication.ConclusionAll these findings suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition, but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.

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Hydration Status, Body Composition and Anxiety Status in Aeronautical Military Personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44178/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandra Carretero-Krug ◽

Carlos Velasco ◽

Juan Medina-Font ◽

Trinidad Trujillo Laguna ◽

Gregorio Varela-Moreiras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Water Balance ◽

Body Fat ◽

Water Intake ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Total Water ◽

Urine Color ◽

Adequate Hydration ◽

Total Water Intake

Abstract Background: An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. Methods: 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. According to that, criteria of hydration was established. Results: 81% of the total sample met hydration criteria (urine color = Well hydrated, Water Balance ≥ 0 mL, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 mL/kg) and 19% did not meet hydration criteria (urine color = Not enough hydrated or Dehydrated, Water Balance < 0 mL, and total water intake/weight < 35 mL/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs 3, p = 0.026), weight (84.7 ± 10.5 vs 80.5 ± 10.2 Kg), Body Mass Index (26.3 ± 3.1 vs 25.2 ± 2.8 kg/m2), body fat (22.3 ± 5.6 vs 18.3 ± 6.5%), urine specific gravity and urine color. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (rho = 0.357, p = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (rho= -0.427, p = 0.000), percentage of body fat (rho= -0.405, p = 0.000) and waist/hip ratio (rho= -0.223, p = 0.002). Conclusions: All these findings suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel. Trial registration: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving human subjects were approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the CEU San Pablo University (Madrid). The corresponding ethical code was 119/16/08.

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Evaluation of seasonality on total water intake, water loss and water balance in the general population in Greece

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics ◽

10.1111/jhn.12077 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 90-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

O. Malisova ◽

V. Bountziouka ◽

D. Β. Panagiotakos ◽

A. Zampelas ◽

M. Kapsokefalou

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Water Balance ◽

Water Intake ◽

Water Loss ◽

Total Water ◽

Intake Water ◽

Total Water Intake

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Hydration Status: Influence of Exercise and Diet Quality

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827617711906 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 414-423

Author(s):

Ismael San Mauro Martín ◽

Elena Garicano Vilar ◽

Denisse Aracely Romo Orozco ◽

Paula Mendive Dubourdieu ◽

Victor Paredes Barato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Water Intake ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Fluid Intake ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Total Water ◽

Essential Components ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Total Water Intake

Physical activity, adherence to a healthy diet, and healthy beverage pattern are considered essential components of a healthy lifestyle. We aimed to evaluate the associations between physical exercise, diet quality, and total fluid intake, along with fluid recommendations compliance in a sample of adults. Data on fluid intake from different types of beverages were collected in a cross-sectional study, in 1161 men and women between 18 and 65 years of age, using a fluid-specific diary. Exercise was evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire, and quality of diet was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Mean volume of water consumed was 1497.5 mL for men, 1309.5 mL for women. A total of 37.4% did not follow the recommendations of the European Food Safety Agency for total water intake. There was a statistically significant difference ( P = .002) between total water intake and follow-up of recommendations, as well as for sex ( P < .001). Mean HEI-2010 score was 65.21. There were no statistically significant differences ( P = .301) in HEI index among better or worse hydration. Sport variables had influence on milliliters of water consumed ( P < .001). Participants who engaged in more physical exercise exhibit a healthier pattern of fluid intake. Healthy individuals with the highest scores for HEI-2010 did not present the healthiest beverage patterns.

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Hydration status, total water intake and subjective feelings of adolescents living in a hot environment, during a typical school day

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0230 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

George Aphamis ◽

Pinelopi S. Stavrinou ◽

Eleni Andreou ◽

Christoforos D. Giannaki

Keyword(s):

Water Intake ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Total Water ◽

School Time ◽

Hot Environment ◽

Increased Risk ◽

School Day ◽

Total Water Intake

AbstractAimIndividuals living in a hot environment appear to face increased risk of dehydration. Currently there is not extensive literature on the adolescent population in relation to hydration. The aim of the present study was to assess hydration status and total water intake (TWI) at school, of adolescents living in a hot environment, and to investigate the association of hydration and TWI with various subjective feelings.MethodsThe hydration status of 141 adolescents (boys n = 102), age 15–17 years, was assessed via urine specific gravity (USG), at the beginning (07:30 am) and at the end (1:30 pm) of one school day. TWI from fluids and solid food was assessed via detailed food and fluid records. Subjective feelings (i.e. thirst, alertness, ability to concentrate) were recorded by specific scales.ResultsNinety percent of the students arrived dehydrated at school (USG >1.020). Thirteen students were hydrated (USG <1.020), 67 students were slightly dehydrated (USG 1.021–1.029), and 50 students were seriously dehydrated (USG >1.030). There was no difference in TWI between the three groups (765 ± 451 mL). TWI correlated with alertness (p = 0.005) and the ability to concentrate (p = 0.015), and inversely correlated with fatigue (p = 0.015). Seriously dehydrated students felt less alert in the morning (p < 0.035) whereas the feeling of thirst was similar between all groups.ConclusionsThe prevalence of the dehydration of the adolescents during school time appeared to be extremely high, and thirst was not driving those adolescents to drink enough. Apart from health concerns, school performance could be affected by dehydration and inadequate water intake.

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Influence of Water Intake and Balance on Body Composition in Healthy Young Adults from Spain.

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11081923 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1923 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

García ◽

Moráis-Moreno ◽

Samaniego-Vaesken ◽

Partearroyo ◽

Varela-Moreiras

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Water Balance ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Intake ◽

Fluid Intake ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Body Water ◽

International Standards ◽

Hydration Status

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has become an epidemic public health problem worldwide. In the last years, several investigations have suggested that water intake and retention could have important implications for both weight management and body composition. However, there is a lack of information about this issue globally, and mainly specifically in Spain. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the association between hydration status and body composition in a sample of healthy Spanish adults. The study involved 358 subjects, aged 18–39 years. The recently validated “hydration status questionnaire” was used to assess their water intake, elimination, and balance. Anthropometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of the International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment (ISAK). Body composition variables were acquired by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Differences in anthropometric and body composition variables were assessed through the ANOVA test and considered significant at p < 0.05. Fluid intake was correlated with body water content. Inverse associations between water consumption, normalized by weight, with body weight, body fat mass, and waist circumference were found. Moreover, according to water balance, significant differences in body water content in females were observed. In conclusion, higher fluid intake seems to be related with a healthier body composition. Therefore, the improvement of water intake and water balance could be useful for overweight and obesity prevention, although further studies are needed to confirm the present findings.

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Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Drinking for Two?

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000462998 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. 13-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Saptawati Bardosono ◽

Clémentine Morin ◽

Isabelle Guelinckx ◽

Rizki Pohan

Keyword(s):

Water Intake ◽

Fluid Intake ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Total Water ◽

Adequate Intake ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Total Fluid Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Fluid ◽

Total Water Intake

The primary aim of this cross-sectional survey was to assess the total fluid intake (TFI; sum of drinking water and all other fluids) and the intake of water and all other types of beverages in a sample of pregnant and breastfeeding women representative of Java-Island, Indonesia. Therefore, 299 pregnant and 296 breastfeeding women completed a 7-day fluid-specific record. A secondary aim was to estimate the total water intake (TWI; sum of water from fluids and food moisture), and one 24-h recall was performed to determine water intake from food moisture. The median TFI of pregnant and breastfeeding women were 2,250 (1,800-2,800) and 2,360 (1,954-2,968) mL/day, respectively. The largest contributor to TFI was water (72 and 77% for pregnant/breastfeeding women, respectively). Pregnant women to the extent of 42% and 54% of breastfeeding women did not reach the adequate intake (AI) of water from fluids. In pregnant and breastfeeding women, the median water intake from foods was 592 and 613 mL/day, representing 21 and 20% of TWI. Concluding that a high proportion of the pregnant and breastfeeding subjects did not reach the AI of water from fluid, it seems important to put in place actions such as providing education materials and ensuring access to safe water. Moreover, future surveys should dedicate attention to the assessment of fluid intake and hydration status among pregnant and breastfeeding women in other countries.

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Urinary hydration biomarkers and water sources in free-living elderly

Nutrición Hospitalaria ◽

10.20960/nh.311 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandra Gonçalves ◽

Joana Silva ◽

Pedro Moreira ◽

Patrícia Padrao

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Water Intake ◽

Urine Volume ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Total Water ◽

Free Living ◽

Food And Beverages ◽

Populations At Risk ◽

Total Water Intake

Introduction: Accurate estimates of water intake and hydration status in populations are essential to identify populations at risk of dehydration and define strategies to improve standards of water intake. Objective: To evaluate the hydration status and the contribution of food and beverages to the total water intake in a sample of free-living physically active Portuguese elderly.Methods: A sample of 74 individuals (28 men), aged 60 to 83 years, were included in this study. A 24 h urine sample was collected; 24 h urine volume and osmolality were quantifi ed in order to estimate the free water reserve (FWR) used to assess the hydration status. A 24 h food recall corresponding to the day of urine collection was obtained. Food and beverages were grouped according to their nutritional composition, namely water content. The contribution of those groups to total water intake and its association with the hydration status were estimated. Urinary markers and food groups’ contribution to total water intake were compared between sexes and according to the median FWR, using the t-test and Mann Whitney test. Results: Less than 10% of the participants were classifi ed as hypohydrated/at hypohydration risk. Water from food was nearly half of the total water intake (47% in females and 48% in males, p = 0.757). “Water” (22%) and “foods with reduced water content” (19%) were the groups that contributed the most to the total water intake in women and men, respectively. In men, the contribution of “alcoholic beverages” was signifi cantly higher than that of women (10.5% vs1.7%, p < 0.001).Conclusions: Even though most of the study participants were classifi ed as euhydrated, the contribution of water-rich and nutritionally dense food, and non-alcoholic beverages, particularly in men, should be promoted.

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