scholarly journals Vertical disease programs and their effect on integrated disease surveillance and response: perspectives of epidemiologists and surveillance officers in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Idenyi Onwe ◽  
Ijeoma Nkem Okedo-Alex ◽  
Ifeyinwa Chizoba Akamike ◽  
Dorothy Ogechi Igwe-Okomiso
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Disease Notification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surveillance And Response

Abstract Background Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) is a cost-effective surveillance system designed to curb the inefficiency associated with vertical (disease-specific) programs. The study determined the existence and effect of vertical programs on disease surveillance and response in Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 14 State epidemiologists and Disease Notification Surveillance Officers (DSNOs) in 12 states located within the 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Data was collected using mailed electronic semi-structured self-administered questionnaires. Response rate was 33.3%. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results Half of the respondents were males (50.0%) and State epidemiologists (50.0%). Malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and other diseases were ongoing vertical programs in the States surveyed. In over 90% of cases, vertical programs had different personnel, communication channels and supportive supervision processes different from the IDSR system. Although less than 50% acknowledged the existence of a forum for data harmonization, this forum was ineffectively utilized in 83.3% of cases. Specific disease funding was higher than that of IDSR (92.9%) and only 42.9% reported funding for IDSR activities from development partners in the State. Poor data management, low priority on IDSR priority diseases, and donor-driven programming were major negative effects of vertical programs. Improved funding, political ownership, and integration were major recommendations preferred by the respondents. Conclusion We found that vertical programs in the surveyed States in the Nigerian health system led to duplication of efforts, inequitable funding, and inefficiencies in surveillance. We recommend integration of existing vertical programs into the IDSR system, increased resource allocation, and political support to improve IDSR.

scholarly journals CLINICIAN SENSITIZATION ON INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE IN FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE OWO, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA, 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽  
Oluwafolakemi Mary Babasola
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Disease Notification ◽  
Public Health Action ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surveillance And Response ◽  
Care Workers

Background: For effective Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) all health care workers involvement is required. Most trainings have often neglected the clinicians. Aim: This study aimed to identify gaps requiring capacity building in preventing infectious disease outbreak among health care workers in Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State.Methods: A cross sectional study of clinicians at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo was done. Data was collected using semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Data collected were analysed with SPSS version 21. Summary statistics was conducted to identify training need requirements.Results: The mean age of participant was 43 ± 5.9 years, 14(70%) were male. Respondents who have worked for 10 years and above were 12(60%). In all, 5(25%) respondent understood disease surveillance to be systematic collection of data and analysis in order to prevent diseases. Regarding respondent’s knowledge of notifiable diseases. Only 4(20%) of the respondents knew malaria as a notifiable disease, Cholera knew by 11(55%), Ebola by 15(75%) and Lassa by 13(65%). The main factor identified to be affecting prompt disease notification in  Federal Medical Centre,  Owo was lack of adequate training 12(60%) while communication gap was identified by 7(35%). In all, 18(90%) felt they do not know all that they needed about disease surveillance. Conclusion: Rapid notification of infectious diseases is essential for prompt public health action and for monitoring of disease trends. Trainings that will improve the level of knowledge of clinician and communication channels will improve disease surveillance and notification.

Continuing Professional Development: Views and Barriers Toward Participation Among Malaysian Pharmacists

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Zoriah Aziz ◽  
Chong Nyuk Jet ◽  
Sameerah Shaikh Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Role

Continuing professional development (CPD) is a lifelong learning approach to maintain and enhance professional competencies. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the pharmacists’ preferred CPD activities and barriers to CPD participation. A survey instrument was distributed to all government pharmacists (N=3876) in Malaysia. The response rate was 29.2 %. The majority of the pharmacists (92%) believed that engaging in CPD would improve their performances in their current role. Almost 90% of the respondents preferred to participate in CPD activities associated with continuing education such as workshops and conferences attendance. Barriers to CPD participation were current job constraints, lack of time, and accessibility in terms of travel and cost. It is important to address these issues before the implementation of mandatory CPD for pharmacists in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Analysis of knowledge and attitudes of the students of health and professional studies regarding the use of stimulative substances in sports

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Goran Stojanovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic-Blagojevic ◽  
Zulfer Bahtijari ◽  
Bratislav Stankovic ◽  
Dragana Terzic-Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Analysis Of Knowledge ◽  
Professional Studies

Backrogund/Aim. Since the beginning of competitive sports, athletes have been trying to improve their abilities by taking various substances. The problem of using prohibited substances is not strictly tied to elite athletes; it is also present in the general population. The aim of this study was to test the knowledge and attitudes of the students regarding the use of stimulative substances and dietary supplements in sports. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed among students at the College of Health and Professional Studies in Belgrade, Serbia. The data was collected by filling in an especially designed questionnaire. Results. Knowledge of prohibited substances and methods was characterized as ?good? with 24.2% of respondents, namely 8.09% of males and 16.1% of females; knowledge of the adverse effects of prohibited substances and methods on health was demonstrated by 17.7% (9.03% of male respondents and 8.72% of female respondents). Conclusion. Student population is not knowledgeable enough about the problems of prohibited substances use and their negative effects on one?s health. The comparative analysis of our and European researches on knowledge, attitudes and uses of prohibited substances show a rather uniform prevalence rate. Not being aware of the adverse effects shows the need to further educate students.

scholarly journals Comparison of perceived educational value of an in-person versus virtual medical conference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Chan ◽  
Andrew Cao ◽  
Leanne Kim ◽  
Shannon Gui ◽  
Manan Ahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Virtual Conference ◽  
Scale Data

Purpose: Though prior literature has shown that virtual conferences improve accessibility and provide a comparable educational experience, further research is required to characterize their educational value. Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, demographic and survey data were compared between attendance perspectives for the in-person student-led internal medicine conference held in 2019 and subsequent virtual conference held in 2020. Results: There were 146 attendees at the in-person conference and 200 attendees at the online conference, in which 32 (22% response rate) and 52 responses (26% response rate) were gathered, respectively. Comparison of Likert Scale data via Mann-Whitney U Test revealed that learning objectives were better met in-person for the overall conference (p < 0.01) and didactic sessions (p < .05), but not for workshops, in which there was no significant difference. Survey takers noted the virtual conference to be more accessible on multiple factors, but felt as though their potential for interaction with other participants was more limited. Conclusions: Results indicate that though the virtual conference appeared more accessible to attendees, overall learning objectives for the conference and didactic sessions were better met in-person. Interestingly however, there was no observed difference in perceived educational value for small group workshops.

scholarly journals Self-Medication amongst the university students of Multan, Pakistan- A questionnaire based survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samman Chughtai
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

Self-medication is a common incidence in the world today. This study aims to evaluate self-medication among university students of Multan, Pakistan. This randomized cross sectional study was carried out in Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan during December 2015- January 216. A sample size of 200 students was randomly selected. Response rate was 90% (n=182).The prevalence of self-medication among the students was determined to be 83%. There was difference in perception of pharmacy students and students of other professions. Most common condition in which students did self-medication was headache (49.66%; n=75). Students also showed tendency of self-medication in case of herbal and essential oil products (46.35%). Awareness concerning insecurity and benefits of self-medication must be spread among students to avoid the complications of self-medication. 

scholarly journals Incidence, possible risk factors and therapies for pseudopregnancy on Dutch dairy goat farms: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (25) ◽  
pp. 770-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Van den Brom ◽  
Rianne Klerx ◽  
Piet Vellema ◽  
Karianne Lievaart-Peterson ◽  
Jan Willem Hesselink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Measures

Pseudopregnancy is a frequently diagnosed reproductive disorder in (dairy) goats. This cross-sectional study evaluates the incidence, possible risk factors and therapies for pseudopregnancy on Dutch dairy goat farms. Two questionnaires, one for farmers and one for veterinarians, were designed and included questions about general farm demographics, breeding management, hormonal oestrous induction, treatment, measures for reduction and stress moments in dairy goats in the period June 1, 2016–May 31, 2017. In total, 43 farmers (21.5 per cent response rate) and 27 veterinarians (22.5 per cent response rate) completed the questionnaire. The annual incidence of pseudopregnancy varied between 1 and 54 per cent per farm, with a mean annual incidence of 17 per cent (95 per cent CI 0.14 to 0.21). In this study, we found a significant association between incidence of pseudopregnancy and a higher percentage of goats with an extended lactation (p<0.0001) and between incidence of pseudopregnancy and the number of ultrasound examinations per year (p<0.0001). The recommended therapy in literature consists of two administrations of prostaglandins. This was only correctly applied by 10 per cent of the farms. On 52 per cent of the farms, an overdose was used comparing to the recommended dose in literature.

scholarly journals Out-of-hospital endotracheal intubation experience, confidence and confidence-associated factors among Northern Japanese emergency life-saving technicians: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021858
Author(s):  
Yuko Ono ◽  
Koichi Tanigawa ◽  
Takeyasu Kakamu ◽  
Kazuaki Shinohara ◽  
Ken Iseki
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Saving

ObjectiveClinical procedural experience and confidence are both important when performing complex medical procedures. Since out-of-hospital endotracheal intubation (ETI) is a complex intervention, we sought to clarify clinical ETI experience among prehospital rescuers as well as their confidence in performing ETI and confidence-associated factors.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study conducted from January to September 2017.SettingNorthern Japan, including eight prefectures.ParticipantsEmergency life-saving technicians (ELSTs) authorised to perform ETI.Outcome measuresAnnual ETI exposure and confidence in performing ETI, according to a five-point Likert scale. To determine factors associated with ETI confidence, differences between confident ELSTs (those scoring 4 or 5 on the Likert scale) and non-confident ELSTs were evaluated.ResultsQuestionnaires were sent to 149 fire departments (FDs); 140 agreed to participate. Among the 2821 ELSTs working at responding FDs, 2620 returned the questionnaire (response rate, 92.9%); complete data sets were available for 2567 ELSTs (complete response rate, 91.0%). Of those 2567 respondents, 95.7% performed two or fewer ETI annually; 46.6% reported lack of confidence in performing ETI. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that years of clinical experience (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.09; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.13), annual ETI exposure (AOR 1.79; 95% CI 1.59 to 2.03) and the availability of ETI skill retention programmes including regular simulation training (AOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.68) and operating room training (AOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.83) were independently associated with confidence in performing ETI.ConclusionsETI is an uncommon event for most ELSTs, and nearly half of respondents did not have confidence in performing this procedure. Since confidence in ETI was independently associated with availability of regular simulation and operating room training, standardisation of ETI re-education that incorporates such methods may be useful for prehospital rescuers.

scholarly journals Study on functional outcome of distal radius intra-articular fractures managed by ligamentotaxis: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094
Author(s):  
Karu Shanmuga Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Treatment ◽  
Articular Fractures ◽  
Study Population

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Fractures of the distal radius continue to be the one of the most common skeletal injuries treated by an orthopaedic surgeon. They are the most common fractures of the upper extremity and account for 15-20% of all fractures. All intra articular fractures need good reduction for better functional outcome. There are multiple treatment methods from casting to arthroscopic surgeries. This study has been undertaken to study the functional outcomes of distal radius intra-articular fractures managed by ligamentotaxis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of distal radial intra-articular fractures treated by ligamentotaxis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross sectional study was conducted in Orthopaedic department of Kilpauk Medical College between April 2017 to April 2019 on 60 patients with fracture of the distal end of radius, with comminuted fracture, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. All fractures were managed by ligamentotaxis and were followed regularly and assessed after four months for their functional outcomes.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 80% of the study population were males. Around 67% of the study population had type III or type IV fracture according to Frykman’s classification. 84% of the study population had better prognosis with ligamentotaxis. The difference between mean Mayo wrist score between affected side and normal side was not statistically significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Ligamentotaxis, external fixation for comminuted intra articular distal radius fractures is safe and effective treatment. It is also cost effective.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing Work-Related Burnout and Job Satisfaction among Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Program Coordinators

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Ofei-Dodoo ◽  
Gretchen Irwin ◽  
Zachary Kuhlmann ◽  
Rick Kellerman ◽  
Stacey Wright-Haviland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Residency Program ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Program Coordinators ◽  
Work Related

Introduction. This study explored the prevalence of and the relationshipbetween job satisfaction and burnout among obstetrics andgynecology residency program coordinators.Methods.xThis cross-sectional study involved members of theAmerican Program Managers of Obstetrics and Gynecology. TheCopenhagen Burnout Inventory and Spector’s Job SatisfactionSurvey were used to measure the participants’ burnout and job satisfactionrates respectively. Data were collected between August 2017and December 2017. The authors used Fisher’s exact tests, Spearman’sr correlations, and multiple linear regression to analyze thedata.Results. There was an 83% (171/207) response rate. Thirteenpercent of the coordinators reported high, 70% moderate, and 17%low job satisfaction scores. Thirty-nine percent of the coordinatorsreported high, 25% moderate, and 36% slight work-related burnoutrates. Correlation coefficient showed a significantly negative relationshipbetween job satisfaction and work-rated burnout, (rs[169] =-0.402, p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed co-workers (β = -0.47)and supervision (β = -0.16) domains of the job satisfaction scale weresignificant predictors of work-related burnout (R = 0.55; F[5, 195] =11.05; p < .001).Conclusions. The findings highlight the importance of job satisfactionfactors, such as support from coworkers and supervisors, indealing with work-related burnout among residency coordinators.Kans J Med 2019;12(1):11-16.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document