scholarly journals Association between physical activity and activity space in different farming seasons among rural Lao PDR residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Jiang ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Daniel Anthony Yonto ◽  
Tiengkham Pongvongsa ◽  
Sengchanh Kounnavong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Space ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Southeast Asia is experiencing a health transition, where non-communicable diseases (NCD) are exceeding communicable diseases. Despite NCDs accounting for roughly 60–85% of deaths in the region, many developing Southeast Asian countries are beginning to address the impacts of a physically inactive lifestyle for the first time. Our study aims to bridge this gap by objectively measuring physical activity in rural Lao PDR to reveal the association among physical activity, activity space, and seasonal variation. Methods Multiple waves of survey data were collected in Songkhon District, Lao PDR between March 2010 and March 2011. Adults aged between 18 and 65 were recruited (n = 48). A portable GPS recorded participants’ activity and farmland locations and an accelerometer recorded participants’ physical activity level and daily steps for seven consecutive days. Using a directional distribution tool in ArcGIS 10.5, the activity space area of each participant in each wave was calculated. Concurrently, participants recorded time spent on each daytime activity. Linear mixed models with the fixed effects as the observations from different waves and the random effects as individual participants were developed to identify factors associated with areas of activity space and counts of daily steps, respectively. Results A total of 48 respondents aged between 19 and 57 took part in the study. Half of the participants were females. Walking was found to be the most frequent travel mode. Females were physically less active, with a smaller activity space, and were more overweight than the males in the study. Participants were physically less active during the off-farming seasons. Conclusions Findings contribute to the surveillance of risk factors needed to create healthy living environments. Our research is also one of the first to use empirical evidence demonstrating seasonal variations of rural residents’ activities in mainland Southeast Asia.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Activity and Activity Space in Different Farming Seasons Among Rural Lao PDR Residents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Jiang ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Daniel Anthony Yonto ◽  
Kazuhiko Moji
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Space ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Southeast Asia is experiencing a health transition where non-communicable diseases (NCD) are exceeding communicable diseases. Despite NCDs accounting for roughly 60-85% of deaths in the region, many developing Southeast Asian countries are beginning to address the impacts of a physically inactive lifestyle for the first time. Our study aims to bridge this gap by objectively measuring physical activity in rural Lao PDR to reveal the association among physical activity, activity space, and seasonal variation. Methods: Multiple waves of survey data were collected in Songkhon District, Lao PDR between March 2010 and March 2011. Adults aged between 18 and 65 were recruited (n=48). A portable GPS recorded participants’ activity and farmland locations and an accelerometer recorded participants’ physical activity level and daily steps for seven consecutive days. Using a directional distribution tool in ArcGIS 10.5, the activity space area of each participant in each wave was calculated. Concurrently, participants recorded time spent on each daytime activity. Linear mixed models with the fixed effects as the observations from different waves and the random effects as individual participants were developed to identify factors associated with areas of activity space and counts of daily steps, respectively.Results: A total of 48 respondents with half being females were recruited. Walking was found to be the most frequent travel mode. Females were physically less active with smaller activity space and more overweight than their male counterparts. Participants were physically less active during the off-farming seasons. Conclusions: Findings contribute to the surveillance of risk factors needed to create healthy living environments. Our research is also one of the first to use empirical evidence demonstrating seasonal variations of rural residents’ activities in mainland Southeast Asia.

Correlation between phq-9 score and physical activity level, risk factors and non-communicable diseases in patients in family medicine clinic

Open Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Zivana Gavric ◽  
Anna Culafic ◽  
Brankica Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Patient Health

AbstractThe work of physicians in primary health care is essential in prevention and early detection of health risk factors. To determine the incidence of depression among patients in family medicine clinics, as well as the correlation between depression, risk factors and NCDs, and to determine correlation between depression (PHQ-9 score) and the level of physical activity. The pilot study was conducted from January to March 2010 on 100 patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The family doctor randomly interviewed and measured patients’ weight, height, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and cholesterol and noted the presence of earlier diagnosed non-communicable diseases. The data for 92 patients were processed according to PHQ-9 and IPAQ guidelines. Out of 92 patients, 59 (64,1%) had PHQ-9 score ≤ 4 which suggests the absence of depression. The PHQ-9 score median was within normal limits, therefore, treatment was not required and there was no difference in PHQ-9 score median between patients with respect to age and sex. The level of physical activity was moderate in 39,1%, heavy in 35,9% and walking as physical activity in 25,0% of patients. Correlation coefficient between PHQ-9 score and MET score (r=−0,241) was statistically significant (p<0,05), as well as between PHQ -9 score and anxiety (r=0,27; p<0,01). Most studies show a correlation between depression and physical activity. It is essential to promote physical activity in order to prevent anxiety, depression and non-communicable diseases.

Physical activity level and its demographic and psychosocial correlates among school-going adolescents in Obollo-Afor Education Zone, south-east Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaoluwa Samson Agbaje ◽  
Prince Iheanachor Christian Umoke ◽  
Charity Chika Attama ◽  
Fabian Chibunine Ugwueze ◽  
Benedicta Ndidi Agu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Peer Norms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychosocial Correlates ◽  
Enugu State

Abstract Background: Physical inactivity (PA) is a modifiable risk factor for many chronic illnesses. Studies on physical activity in adolescent populationshave reported associations between PA and demographic and psychosocial factors. However, there is a limited evidence on PA level and associated factors among adolescents in south-east Nigeria. Thus, the study examined adolescents’ PA level and its demographic and psychosocial correlates among school-going adolescents in Obollo-Afor Education Zone, Enugu State, South-East Nigeria.Methods: A total of 365 randomly selected adolescents aged 12-19 years in Obollo-Afor, Enugu State, south-East Nigeria participated in the study. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire-Short Form (PSDQ-S), the Social Support and Peer Norms Scales for Physical Activity (SSPNS)were used to measure PA level, physical self-concept, social support and peer norms for PA.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t -test, fixed effects ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.Results: The mean age of the participants was 15.76 ± 1.78 years for boys and 15.65 ± 1.83 years for girls. One-third (33.3%) had low PA level, more than half of the participants had moderate PA level(58.1%) whilevery few (8.5%) had high PA level. School-going adolescents had high mean physical self-concept(16.6 ± 40), social support(2.48 ± 1.04) and peer norms(2.19 ± 1.049). Adolescents’ PA level was positively related to self-concept ( r = .06, p > 0.05), social support ( r = .26, p < 0.01), peer norms ( r = .27, p < 0.01). Social support (beta = .22, p < .001), peer norms received for PA (beta = .23, p < .003), and class of study (beta = -.047, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with PA level among adolescents.Conclusions: One third of school-going adolescents had low level of PA, and low proportion had high level of PA. Also, Social support, peer norms received for PA and class of study were significantly associated with PA among adolescents. Future studies are needed to design interventions that promote PA among adolescents in Nigeria.

scholarly journals A study on physical activity in shift workers in an urban city of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4026
Author(s):  
Shubhabrata Das ◽  
Munmee Das ◽  
Shomik Ray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Physical inactivity has been identified as one of the leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Several studies have established the fact that shift working is associated with various non communicable diseases. Studies assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice towards physical activity amongst shift workers is almost non-existence even though it has been established that mediators like knowledge and attitude affect healthy behaviour and adoption of health improving behaviour. Thus this study aims to assess the knowledge-attitude-practice of physical activity among shift workers in Gurugram city which is the centre of various BPO/KPO companies in India.Methods: The present study is an organization based cross sectional study. Interviewer administered questionnaire were used to capture information on physical activity. Information on knowledge and attitude was collected using a piloted and pretested questionnaire. Practice of physical activity was collected using global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). Descriptive and linear regression analyses were performed using Ms-Excel and STATA (13).Results: Our study found that nearly fifty percent of the study participants were physically inactive and only 18% of the study participants knew recommended minimum weekly intensity of physical activity. Physical activity was found to be significantly associated with overall knowledge score (p<0.01).Conclusions: Knowledge regarding physical activity among the study participants was not adequate as reflected in their physical activity practice, hence knowledge and awareness towards physical activity should be enhanced to prevent non communicable diseases amongst the shift workers.

scholarly journals Canine Endogenous Oxytocin Responses to Dog-Walking and Affiliative Human–Dog Interactions

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Powell ◽  
Kate M. Edwards ◽  
Adrian Bauman ◽  
Adam J. Guastella ◽  
Bradley Drayton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Dog Walking ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Effect

Several studies suggest human–dog interactions elicit a positive effect on canine oxytocin concentrations. However, empirical investigations are scant and the joint influence of human–dog interaction and physical activity remains unexplored. The aims of the current study were to (a) examine the canine endogenous oxytocin response to owner-led dog-walking and affiliative human–dog interactions and (b) investigate the moderating effect of the owner-reported strength of the human–dog bond on such responses. Twenty-six dogs took part in a random order cross-over trial, involving dog-walking and human–dog interactions. Urinary samples were collected before and after each condition. The data were analyzed using linear mixed models with condition, order of conditions, condition duration, and latency from initiation of condition to urine sample collection considered as fixed effects, and the participant was considered a random effect. Canine urinary oxytocin concentrations did not differ significantly following dog-walking (mean change: −14.66 pg/mg Cr; 95% CI: −47.22, 17.90) or affiliative human–dog interactions (mean change: 6.94 pg/mg Cr; 95% CI: −26.99, 40.87). The reported strength of the human–dog bond did not significantly moderate the canine oxytocin response to either experimental condition. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not observe evidence for a positive oxytocin response to dog-walking or human–dog interactions.

scholarly journals Risk factors for non communicable diseases among transport and security personnel of a health sciences university in coastal Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Sumit Audichya ◽  
Pavithra H. ◽  
Harikrishnan V. ◽  
Kibballi Madhukeshwar Akshaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise among workers in various occupations resulting in morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the various risk factors and associated socio-demographic factors among the security and transport personnel working in a health sciences university in Mangaluru.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among all the security and transport personnel. Questionnaire based on WHO-STEPS approach was used. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded.Results: Total 167 study participants were enrolled; 57.5% were security and rest were transport personnel. Physical activity was perceived as light by 63.5% participants. Current smokers constituted to 26% and 33.5% consumed alcohol in past 12 months. Eighteen percent of them top salted their food. Among participants who were apparently healthy, 12.5% and 23.4% had raised systolic and diastolic BP. Associations between the areas of residence (p=0.004) and type of occupation (p<0.001) were found to be significant.Conclusions: Prevalence of risk factors of NCDs was high among study participants. Only few study subjects were physically active and majority of them felt that their routine work provided them with light physical activity. Around one third of the participants consumed tobacco and alcohol. Around 1/4th of the study participants who were not known hypertensive, were found with increased levels of blood pressure.

scholarly journals Impacts of Individual Daily Greenspace Exposure on Health Based on Individual Activity Space and Structural Equation Modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Suhong Zhou ◽  
Mei-Po Kwan ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Rongping Lin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Space ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Individual Activity ◽  
Mediating Role

Previous studies on the effects of greenspace exposure on health are largely based on static contextual units, such as residential neighborhoods, and other administrative units. They tend to ignore the spatiotemporal dynamics of individual daily greenspace exposure and the mediating effects of specific activity type (such as physical activity). Therefore, this study examines individual daily greenspace exposure while taking into account people’s daily mobility and the mediating role of physical activity between greenspace exposure and health. Specifically, using survey data collected in Guangzhou, China, and high-resolution remote sensing images, individual activity space for a weekday is delineated and used to measure participants’ daily greenspace exposure. Structural equation modeling is then applied to analyze the direct effects of individual daily greenspace exposure on health and its indirect effects through the mediating variable of physical activity. The results show that daily greenspace exposure directly influences individual health and also indirectly affects participants’ health status through physical activity. With respect to the total effects, daily greenspace exposure helps improve participants’ mental health and contributes to promoting their social health. It also helps improve participants’ physical health, although to a lesser extent. In general, the higher the daily greenspace exposure, the higher the physical activity level and the better the overall health (including physical, mental, and social health).

Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Young Chinese Gymnasts

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S.W. Davies ◽  
Jian-Ying Feng ◽  
J. Anthony Crisp ◽  
Janice M.E. Day ◽  
Ann Laidlaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Specialized School ◽  
First Time

The energy expenditure and hence energy requirements of 12 young Chinese gymnasts attending a specialized school in Beijing were assessed. Total energy expenditure was measured using the doubly labeled water technique and this, in conjunction with measures of basal metabolic rate (BMR), allows the calculation of a physical activity level (PAL). Mean PAL value for the gymnasts was 1.98, which is significantly different from published mean values found in nongymnast children of a similar age. This mean value is equivalent to very heavy levels of physical activity during the periods of training being undertaken. This is the first time that energy expenditure has been noninvasively measured in free-living young gymnasts. The data will be of use to sports scientists and nutritionists alike.

scholarly journals Decoding the RNA viromes in rodent lungs provides new insight into the origin and evolutionary patterns of rodent-borne pathogens in Mainland Southeast Asia

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Wu ◽  
Yelin Han ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Hongying Li ◽  
Guangjian Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
The Core ◽  
Zoonotic Viruses ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Abstract Background As the largest group of mammalian species, which are also widely distributed all over the world, rodents are the natural reservoirs for many diverse zoonotic viruses. A comprehensive understanding of the core virome of diverse rodents should therefore assist in efforts to reduce the risk of future emergence or re-emergence of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens. Results This study aimed to describe the viral range that could be detected in the lungs of rodents from Mainland Southeast Asia. Lung samples were collected from 3284 rodents and insectivores of the orders Rodentia, Scandentia, and Eulipotyphla in eighteen provinces of Thailand, Lao PDR, and Cambodia throughout 2006–2018. Meta-transcriptomic analysis was used to outline the unique spectral characteristics of the mammalian viruses within these lungs and the ecological and genetic imprints of the novel viruses. Many mammalian- or arthropod-related viruses from distinct evolutionary lineages were reported for the first time in these species, and viruses related to known pathogens were characterized for their genomic and evolutionary characteristics, host species, and locations. Conclusions These results expand our understanding of the core viromes of rodents and insectivores from Mainland Southeast Asia and suggest that a high diversity of viruses remains to be found in rodent species of this area. These findings, combined with our previous virome data from China, increase our knowledge of the viral community in wildlife and arthropod vectors in emerging disease hotspots of East and Southeast Asia.

scholarly journals Decoding the RNA Viromes in Rodent Lungs Provides New Insight Into the Origin and Evolutionary Patterns of Rodent-borne Pathogens in Mainland Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Wu ◽  
Yelin Han ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Hongying Li ◽  
Guangjian Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
The Core ◽  
Zoonotic Viruses ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Abstract BACKGROUND: As the largest group of mammalian species, which are also widely distributed all over the world, rodents are the natural reservoirs for many diverse zoonotic viruses. A comprehensive understanding of the core virome of diverse rodents should therefore assist in efforts to reduce the risk of future emergence or re-emergence of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens. RESULTS: This study aimed to describe the viral range that could be detected in the lungs of rodents from Mainland Southeast Asia. Lung samples were collected from 3,284 rodents and insectivores of the orders Rodentia, Scandentia, and Eulipotyphla in eighteen provinces of Thailand, Lao PDR, and Cambodia throughout 2006-2018. Meta-transcriptomic analysis was used to outline the unique spectral characteristics of the mammalian viruses within these lungs and the ecological and genetic imprints of the novel viruses. Many mammalian- or arthropod-related viruses from distinct evolutionary lineages were reported for the first time in these species, and viruses related to known pathogens were characterized for their genomic and evolutionary characteristics, host species, and locations. CONCLUSIONS: These results expand our understanding of the core viromes of rodents and insectivores from Mainland Southeast Asia and suggest that a high diversity of viruses remains to be found in rodent species of this area. These findings, combined with our previous virome data from China, increase our knowledge of the viral community in wildlife and arthropod vectors in emerging disease hotspots of East and Southeast Asia.

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