scholarly journals Apprehending the potential of BABY BOOM transcription factors to mitigate cotton regeneration and transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caner YAVUZ ◽  
Shakhnozakhan TILLABOEVA ◽  
Allah BAKHSH
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Transformation Problems

Abstract Since the advent of transgenic technology, the incorporation of gene(s) encoding traits of economic importance in cotton is being practiced worldwide. However, factors like recalcitrant nature of cotton cultivars, in vitro regeneration via tissue culture (especially via somatic embryogenesis), genotype dependency, long and toilsome protocols impede the pace of development of transgenic cotton. Besides that, types and age of explants, media composition, plant growth regulators and other environmental factors affect in vitro cotton regeneration significantly. The studies of genetic control of in vitro regeneration in plants have elucidated the role of certain transcription factor genes that are induced and expressed during somatic embryogenesis. Among these transcription factors, BABY BOOM (BBM) plays a very important role in signal transduction pathway, leading to cell differentiation and somatic embryos formation. The role of BBM has been established in plant cell proliferation, growth and development even without exogenous growth regulators. This review intends to provide an informative summary of regeneration and transformation problems in cotton and the latest developments in utilization of BBM transcription factors in cotton. We believe that the use of BBM will not only ease cotton genetic improvement but will also accelerate cotton breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Regulation of in vitro somatic embryogenesis with emphasis on to the role of endogenous hormones

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
VÍCTOR M. JIMÉNEZ
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
General Aspects

Different aspects of the in vitro somatic embryogenesis regulation are reviewed in this paper.work. A description of g General aspects, such as terminology, uses, stages of development and factors associated with the somatic embryogenesis, are described. is carried out. Although a brief description ofn the effects of the addition of different plant growth regulators to the culture medium wasis given, the article is centereds itself on the effect that the endogenous hormone concentrations in the initial explants and in the tissue cultures derived from them could play oin the induction and expression of somatic embryogenesis. It is significant that few to emphasize the low amount of systematic studies have been conducted, in this subject, in which different species and hormone groups were compared in cultures with and without embryogenic capacity. Moreover, the lack of correlation between the results presented in different studies the distinct works indicates that the hormone content of the cultures is not the only factor involved.

scholarly journals THIDIAZURON: A POTENT GROWTH REGULATOR FOR INDUCING HIGH-FREQUENCY ORGANOGENESIS AND SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN VITRO

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 693a-693
Author(s):  
K.A. Malik ◽  
Christena Visser ◽  
praveen K. saxena
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Endogenous Phytohormones ◽  
Potent Growth

In vitro regeneration by shoot organogenesis and-or somatic embryogenesis is accomplished by culturing the explants on a nutrient medium supplemented with phytohormones. Auxins in general, and 2,4-D in particular, have been shown to induce somatic embryogenesis whereas shoot regeneration is stimulated by cytokinins. In studying the morphoregulatory role of thidiazuron (TDZ) - a substituted urea with cytokinin-like activity - we found that it induces a high frequency of both organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis depending upon the plant species. For instance, whole seedlings of peanut developed somatic embryos and those of bean and pea produced shoots in response to culture on TDZ (1-40 μM)-supplemented media. In cultured explants of geranium, the use of TDZ (0.2-1 μM) effectively replaced the requirement of 2,4-D or BAP and IAA for obtaining somatic embryos. The frequency of regeneration was two to ten times higher than that achieved with auxin-cytokinin combinations. While no direct evidence is currently available to establish a relationship between TDZ and endogenous phytohormones, our results suggest that it may act by establishing endogenously the auxin:cytokinin ratio permissive of induction and expression of morphogenically competent cells.

Somatic Embryogenesis and In vitro Plant Regeneration in Vigna trilobata (L.) Verd. - A Potential Pasture Legume

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
K. Choudhary ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
M. S. Rathore ◽  
N. S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pasture Legume

This long term study demonstrates for the first time that it is possible to propagate embryogenic Vigna trilobata and to subsequently initiate the differentiation of embryos into complete plantlets. Initiation of callus was possible on 2,4-D. Somatic embryos differentiated on modified MS basal nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l  of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l  of Kn. Sustained cell division resulted in globular and heart shape stages of somatic embryos. Transfer of embryos on to a fresh modified MS basal medium with 0.5 mg/l of Kn and 0.5 mg/l of GA3 helped them to attain maturation and germination. However, the propagation of cells, as well as the differentiation of embryos, were inhibited by a continuous application of these growth regulators. For this reason, a long period on medium lacking these growth regulators was necessary before the differentiation of embryos occurred again. The consequences for improving the propagation of embryogenic cultures in Vigna species are discussed. Key words: Pasture  legume, Vigna trilobata, Globular, Heart shape, somatic embryogenesis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4990 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 89-99, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals Effects of Variations in Hormonal Treatments Upon In vitro Regeneration Potential in Embryo Explants of Arenga pinnata

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-503
Author(s):  
Shamsiah Abdullah ◽  
Siti Nurain Roslan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Hormonal Treatments

One of the challenges related to propagation of Arenga pinnata is its lengthy period of seed dormancy. In this study, in vitro regeneration was carried out to determine the effect of hormonal treatment on the embryo explant of Arenga pinnata. Embryos were surface sterilized and cultured into different media supplemented with various hormones concentrations and combinations. Each treatment contained of Kinetin (KN) hormone (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/l) and in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/l. The height of plumule and length of radical was observed and recorded. Treatment 8 (3 mg/ml KN + 0.1 mg/ml IAA) showed 59.09% in plumule height increment while treatment 4 (1 mg/ml KN + 0.3 mg/ml IAA) showed the highest radical increments with 93.62%. The knowledge gained in this study consequently helps us to better understand the role of KN and IAA in the in vitro regeneration protocol. Since in vitro method able to produce higher number of in vitro seedlings at one time, it is important to establish the in vitro regeneration protocol for this plant.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of Dryland Kenyan Maize Genotypes Through Somatic Embryogenesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Oduor ◽  
E.N.M. Njagi ◽  
S. Ndung` u ◽  
J.S. Machuka
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Maize Genotypes

scholarly journals Transcriptomic profiles of non-embryogenic and embryogenic callus cells in a highly regenerative Upland Cotton line (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wen ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Stephen Parris ◽  
Matthew West ◽  
John Lawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Study Gene Expression

Abstract • Background • Genotype independent transformation and whole plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis relies heavily on the intrinsic ability of a genotype to regenerate. • Results • In this study, gene expression profiles of a highly regenerable Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar, Jin668, were analyzed at two critical developmental stages during somatic embryogenesis, non-embryogenic callus (NEC) cells and embryogenic callus (EC) cells. The rate of EC formation in Jin668 is 96%. Differential gene expression analysis revealed a total of 5,333 differentially expressed genes (DEG) with 2,534 upregulated and 2,799 downregulated in EC. A total of 144 genes were unique to NEC cells and 174 genes unique to EC. Clustering and enrichment analysis identified genes upregulated in EC that function as transcription factors/DNA binding, phytohormone response, oxidative reduction, and regulators of transcription; while genes categorized in methylation pathways were downregulated. Four key transcription factors were identified based on their sharp upregulation in EC tissue; LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1), BABY BOOM (BBM), FUSCA (FUS3) and AGAMOUS-LIKE15 with distinguishable subgenome expression bias. • Conclusions • This comparative analysis of NEC and EC transcriptomes gives new insights into the genetic underpinnings of somatic embryogenesis in cotton.

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