scholarly journals Chitosan based antibacterial composite materials for leather industry: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Yuan ◽  
Qingda Yao ◽  
Yongxian Liang ◽  
Ye Dan ◽  
Yixiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Antibacterial Mechanism ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Preparation Methods

Abstract Chitosan is an amorphous translucent substance with a structural unit similar to the polysaccharide structure of the extracellular matrix, It has good antibacterial, biocompatible, and degradable properties. It has important application value in leather, water treatment, medicine, food and other fields, so chitosan and its modified products have received widespread attention. This article reviewed the preparation methods of chitosan-based antibacterial composites in recent years, including chitosan/collagen, chitosan/graphene, chitosan/tannic acid, and chitosan/polyethylene glycol composite materials, elaborates their modification methods and antibacterial mechanism were reviewed in detail, and its applications in the leather industry as antibacterial auxiliaries and water treatment antibacterial adsorption materials were discussed. Finally, the future development and challenges of chitosan-based composite materials in the leather industry were forecasted. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Evaluation and Refinement of Sample Preparation Methods for Extracellular Matrix Proteome Coverage

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 100079
Author(s):  
Maxwell C. McCabe ◽  
Lauren R. Schmitt ◽  
Ryan C. Hill ◽  
Monika Dzieciatkowska ◽  
Mark Maslanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Proteome Coverage ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

scholarly journals Bowel preparation for performing a colonoscopy: prospective randomized comparison study between a low-volume solution of polyethylene glycol and bisacodyl versus bisacodyl and a mannitol solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Carlos Vieira ◽  
Claudio Lyoiti Hashimoto ◽  
Flair José Carrilho
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Mannitol Solution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Glycol Solution

CONTEXT: Colonoscopy is currently the gold standard method to examine the colon, the rectum and the terminal ileum. In order to perform the colonoscopy, it is necessary to clean the bowel and use medications that are generally poorly tolerated by the patients. OBJECTIVE: Compare the tolerability, acceptability, safety and efficacy of two solutions used for intestinal preparation for a colonoscopy. METHODS: One hundred patients matched for sex and age were prospective randomized into two groups. Polyethylene glycol group received bisacodyl 10 mg plus 1 L of polyethylene glycol the night before and 1 L on the day of the exam. Mannitol group received bisacodyl 20 mg the day before and 1 L of a 10% mannitol solution on the day of the exam. The diet was the same for both groups. Tolerability and acceptability were measured using previously validated questionnaires. In terms of safety, variations in vital signs before and after the preparation were recorded, in addition to any complications. The quality of the preparation was graded based on the Boston and Ottawa scales. RESULTS: Ninety-six percent (96%) completed the study. As for tolerability, the mannitol preparation group exhibited a significantly higher frequency of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension than polyethylene glycol group (P < 0.05). Acceptability was significantly better in polyethylene glycol group. The polyethylene glycol solution has also previously been shown to be safer than mannitol. No difference was observed in the quality of the preparation between the two preparation methods. CONCLUSIONS: The following conclusions can be made: polyethylene glycol solution had higher tolerability, acceptability, and safety than the mannitol and should be used instead of mannitol. Both preparation solutions have similar efficacy.

scholarly journals Rocess Design of Fiber Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Hualun
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Magnesium Matrix ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Magnesium Matrix Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
And Performance

This paper chooses magnesium as the matrix of composite materials, selects carbon fi ber as reinforcement, anddesigns the composite scheme according to the structure and performance of Mg-based composites. The performancecharacteristics and application prospect of fiber-reinforced magnesium matrix composites are introduced. Wait. Inthis paper, the process of preparing carbon fi ber magnesium matrix composites by compression casting method andspray deposition method is designed. The process fl ow chart of these two design schemes is determined by analyzingthe principle of these two kinds of preparation methods, and the specifi c problems of the process are analyzed andsummarized.

scholarly journals Patent landscape of Chinese Classical Formulas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruipeng Shi ◽  
Hua Luo ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Yuyang Tang ◽  
Zhangfeng Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Good Market ◽  
Patent Landscape ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Large Decline

Abstract BackgroundChinese Classical Formulas (經典名方, CCFs) are clinically employed formulas that have been documented in the literature since before the Ming era. In 2010, China began focusing on the development and product transformation of CCFs and issued a list of 100 CCFs as a reference. Patents are key components of the process for transferring technology to product; however, they are rarely employed in current CCF research. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the current situation of CCFs based on the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) and provide a reference for researchers, investors, and policymakers to make relevant decisions. MethodsInformation on CCF publication numbers was obtained from the CNIPA, and data for patent applications made before June 30, 2021, on inventors, titles, and abstracts were searched in the patent database, Derwent Innovation. Duplicate application numbers were removed, applications were standardized, and inventors were categorized. The processed data were then used for subsequent analyses. ResultsA total of 287 patents were included in this analysis, and 61 CCFs were patented. Two major policies regarding CCFs in 2011 and 2019 greatly stimulated related patent applications, but lacked sustainability, followed by a relatively large decline in 2012 and 2020. Among the granted patents, 42.59% are analytical methods-related inventions and 24.07% for preparation methods. The percentage of core patents on substance basis and mechanism of action is relatively small. ConclusionPolicies have a significant impact on CCF R&D. The number of CCF patent applications is increasing every year and there is an increasing number of companies as patent applicants, which indicates that CCF is considered to have a good market potential. However, the lack of high quality patents may create difficulties for future development and this will be an important issue to be addressed. Keywords Chinese classical formulations, Chinese medicine, patent, product transformation

scholarly journals Fibrin regulates neutrophil migration in response to interleukin 8, leukotriene B4, tumor necrosis factor, and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.

1995 ◽  
Vol 181 (5) ◽  
pp. 1763-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Loike ◽  
J el Khoury ◽  
L Cao ◽  
C P Richards ◽  
H Rascoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Fibrin Gel ◽  
Fibrin Gels ◽  
Necrosis Factor

We have examined the capacity of four different chemoattractants/cytokines to promote directed migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) through three-dimensional gels composed of extracellular matrix proteins. About 20% of PMN migrated through fibrin gels and plasma clots in response to a gradient of interleukin 8 (IL-8) or leukotriene B4 (LTB4). In contrast, &lt; 0.3% of PMN migrated through fibrin gels in response to a gradient of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). All four chemoattractants stimulated PMN to migrate through gels composed of collagen IV or of basement membrane proteins (Matrigel), or through filters to which fibronectin or fibrinogen had been adsorbed. PMN stimulated with TNF or FMLP adhered and formed zones of close apposition to fibrin, as measured by the exclusion of a 10-kD rhodamine-polyethylene glycol probe from the contact zones between PMN and the underlying fibrin gel. By this measure, IL-8- or LTB4-treated PMN adhered loosely to fibrin, since 10 kD rhodamine-polyethylene glycol permeated into the contact zones between these cells and the underlying fibrin gel. PMN stimulated with FMLP and IL-8, or FMLP and LTB4, exhibited very little migration through fibrin gels, and three times as many of these cells excluded 10 kD rhodamine-polyethylene glycol from their zones of contact with fibrin as PMN stimulated with IL-8 or LTB4 alone. These results show that PMN chemotaxis is regulated by both the nature of the chemoattractant and the composition of the extracellular matrix; they suggest that certain combinations of chemoattractants and matrix proteins may limit leukocyte movements and promote their localization in specific tissues in vivo.

Cardiac Fibroblast Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle D. Tallquist
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblast ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Single Cell Sequencing ◽  
Disease States

Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological condition that occurs after injury and during aging. Currently, there are limited means to effectively reduce or reverse fibrosis. Key to identifying methods for curbing excess deposition of extracellular matrix is a better understanding of the cardiac fibroblast, the cell responsible for collagen production. In recent years, the diversity and functions of these enigmatic cells have been gradually revealed. In this review, I outline current approaches for identifying and classifying cardiac fibroblasts. An emphasis is placed on new insights into the heterogeneity of these cells as determined by lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing in development, adult, and disease states. These recent advances in our understanding of the fibroblast provide a platform for future development of novel therapeutics to combat cardiac fibrosis.

EFFECT OF SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES (PHAs) ON METABOLIC ACTIVITIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF HUMAN SCHWANN CELLS-LIKE (hSCs-LIKE)

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Bo-Yi Yu ◽  
Po-Ya Chen ◽  
Yi-Ming Sun ◽  
Tai-Horng Young
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Film Preparation ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is a newer family of biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. The objective of this study is to investigate the behaviors of human Schwann cells-like (hSCs-like) on various PHA films. The surface characteristics of PHA films were varied by the content of 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV) or 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) and by the film preparation methods such as compression-molding and solvent-casting. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) were further applied on to improve the growth of hSCs-like on PHA membranes. The hSCs-like isolated from human body (MATERIALS AND METHODS) would have strong metabolic activities and produce many extracellular matrix (ECM). When HV content increased, there was a reduction in the crystallinity and the hydrophoicity of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) membranes. Despite that these different surface characteristics did not show significant effect on the metabolic activities of hSCs-like, these would affect adhering HA. Hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated PHA membranes could improve the metabolic activities and decrease the death ratio of hSCs-like. However, the condition of PLL coating has no obvious influence on the activities of hSCs.

The Review of the Application of Graphene/Chitosan Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Chemical Preparation ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Chitosan Composite

In recent years, with the excellent mechanical properties, good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity and optical properties, Graphene is widely used in many fields such as chemistry, physics and material science .The preparation of graphene have had a very big progress.This paper reviews the chemical preparation methods of graphene and the application of Graphene / Chitosan composite.Then we point out the outlook of the application of the composite materials graphene with other biological macromolecules which are similar with chitosan.

scholarly journals Advanced composite materials manufacturing technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang Zhijin
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Advanced Composite ◽  
Advanced Composite Materials ◽  
Preparation Techniques

In recent years, a variety of composite materials preparation technology has been updated, from ceramic matrixcomposites, metal matrix composites to polymer matrix composites, a variety of preparation techniques have beengreatly improved, making the composite properties and applications signifi cantly improved. This paper reviews severalimportant preparation methods and applications of ceramic matrix composites, metal matrix composites and polymermatrix composites.

scholarly journals Preparation and Application of 2D MXene-Based Gas Sensors: A Review

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Qingting Li ◽  
Yanqiong Li ◽  
Wen Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Interlayer Spacing ◽  
Preparation Methods

Since MXene (a two-dimensional material) was discovered in 2011, it has been favored in all aspects due to its rich surface functional groups, large specific surface area, high conductivity, large porosity, rich organic bonds, and high hydrophilicity. In this paper, the preparation of MXene is introduced first. HF etching was the first etching method for MXene; however, HF is corrosive, resulting in the development of the in situ HF method (fluoride + HCl). Due to the harmful effects of fluorine terminal on the performance of MXene, a fluorine-free preparation method was developed. The increase in interlayer spacing brought about by adding an intercalator can affect MXene’s performance. The usual preparation methods render MXene inevitably agglomerate and the resulting yields are insufficient. Many new preparation methods were researched in order to solve the problems of agglomeration and yield. Secondly, the application of MXene-based materials in gas sensors was discussed. MXene is often regarded as a flexible gas sensor, and the detection of ppb-level acetone at room temperature was observed for the first time. After the formation of composite materials, the increasing interlayer spacing and the specific surface area increased the number of active sites of gas adsorption and the gas sensitivity performance improved. Moreover, this paper discusses the gas-sensing mechanism of MXene. The gas-sensing mechanism of metallic MXene is affected by the expansion of the lamellae and will be doped with H2O and oxygen during the etching process in order to become a p-type semiconductor. A p-n heterojunction and a Schottky barrier forms due to combinations with other semiconductors; thus, the gas sensitivities of composite materials are regulated and controlled by them. Although there are only several reports on the application of MXene materials to gas sensors, MXene and its composite materials are expected to become materials that can effectively detect gases at room temperature, especially for the detection of NH3 and VOC gas. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of MXene as a gas sensor are discussed.

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