scholarly journals Brain tumors and indications for brain imaging in patients with psychiatric manifestations: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Alireza Haji Seyed Javadi ◽  
Bahare Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Studies on the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and brain tumors are ambiguous, as it is not clear whether these symptoms are due to the direct effect of the tumor or a secondary psychological response to stress, resulting from the diagnosis and treatment of the disease; therefore, it is difficult to analyze and retrieve relevant information. Case presentation We present the case of a 43-year-old male patient, who was admitted to a psychiatric emergency room with psychiatric symptoms, such as restlessness and extreme talkativeness, but normal neurological examinations. He showed no response to outpatient treatment and had no history of psychiatric disorders. The onset of symptoms was 2 months before his visit. On neuroimaging, a brain tumor was observed in the right temporal and occipital lobes. Accordingly, the patient was transferred to the neurosurgery ward. Conclusion Factors, such as increased internal pressure on the brain due to a brain tumor or the effect of tumor area, contribute to the occurrence of symptoms, such as restlessness and talkativeness. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Brain Tumors, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, HIV/AIDS, and Wilson’s Disease

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine G. Lyketsos
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations

This chapter deals with four diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) for which neurologists are primarily involved as consultants. It follows the same approach as the chapters that focus on single diseases but does so more briefly. Brain tumors are estimated to have an incidence of 12/100,000 per year (Scharre, 2000). The incidence is highest in old age, peaking between 60 and 80 years of age. Almost 50% of intracranial tumors are gliomas, 10% to 15% are meningiomas, 5% to 7% are pituitary adenomas, and 5% to 6% are metastatic tumors. Brain tumors produce signs and symptoms in a variety of ways, including direct invasion, compression, hemorrhage, and edema. Motor, sensory, visual, and gait disturbances are frequent manifestations of brain tumors. In addition, headache and focal or generalized seizures are quite common. The psychiatric manifestations of brain tumors reflect their location; the type of brain damage they produce; patients’ reactions to their symptoms or diagnosis; and the effects of treatments such as steroids, chemotherapy, and radiation. Tumors in specific brain regions have been linked to specific psychiatric manifestations. Frontal lobe tumors are most closely associated with behavioral changes,sometimes referred to as the frontal lobe syndrome or executive dysfunction syndrome. Temporal lobe tumors are most closely associated with personality change, irritability, and hallucinations (especially auditory), as well as with a variety of language disorders. Patients with language disorders associated with temporal lobe tumors can experience catastrophic reactions when their deficits interfere with communication. Parietal lobe tumors typically are associated with cognitive deficits such as apraxia, neglect syndromes of the contralateral body or space, and unformed visual hallucinations such as streaks or flashes of light. When evaluating brain tumor patients with psychiatric symptoms and signs, careful evaluation and differential diagnosis are critical. In hospitalized and seriously ill patients, it is especially important to rule out delirium, particularly when the psychiatric phenomena are intermittent and vary in intensity. Serial observations and repeated mental status examinations are the basis for the diagnosis of delirium, but an electroencephalogram (EEG) is also helpful, because in most cases of delirium it reveals generalized slowing involving brain areas far from the location of the brain tumor.

scholarly journals Brain Tumor Presenting with Parkinsonism

2021 ◽  
pp. 595-597
Author(s):  
Christian Saleh ◽  
Nino Akhalbedashvili ◽  
Margret Hund-Georgiadis
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Workup ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Right

Movement disorders caused by brain tumors are rare. The diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is based foremost on clinical findings. However, not performing imaging already within the initial diagnostic workup in patients presenting with symptoms of PD can delay or miss a serious diagnosis and consequently proper treatment. We describe and discuss a 59-year-old female patient who presented for several months of increasing tremor in her left hand, which was caused by a large meningioma located in the right frontal area, pressing on the right frontal lobe and nucleus lenticularis.

The Right of Philosophy and the Facts of History: Foucault, Derrida, Descartes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Rockhill
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter proposes a counter-history of a seminal debate in the transition from structuralism to post-structuralism. It calls into question the widespread assumption that Derrida rejects Foucault’s structuralist stranglehold by demonstrating that the meaning of a text always remains open. Through a meticulous examination of their respective historical paradigms, methodological orientations and hermeneutic parameters, it argues that Derrida’s critique of his former professor is, at the level of theoretical practice, a call to return to order. The ultimate conclusion is that the Foucault-Derrida debate has much less to do with Descartes’ text per se, than with the relationship between the traditional tasks of philosophy and the meta-theoretical reconfiguration of philosophic practice via the methods of the social sciences.

Speech Situation and Immanent Poetics

2020 ◽  
pp. 449-466
Author(s):  
Hans Blumenberg
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Speech Situation

This chapter looks at Hans Blumenberg's “Speech Situation and Immanent Poetics” (1966), which focuses on poetic language. The three basic ideas of the relationship between language and thought should help one gain a certain orientation to determine the function of poetic language. After all, an immanent poetics will by necessity depend on examining the function of a work's language. The explication of the immanent poetics of a work will therefore depend on asking the “right” questions with regard to this work's language. Of course, hints can be derived from the author's exogenous poetics, from his self-testimony and self-observation, if this is indeed what they are and not simply the “offshoot” of a normative theory of art. This methodical preliminary question deserves not to be passed over. Already the classification of a text by its author as “self-observation” during the process of aesthetic production expresses a certain aesthetic position. This position permits experience to provide relevant information about the process of a work's emergence.

scholarly journals Long term follow-up in a patient with papillary glioneuronal tumor

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (3b) ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Borges ◽  
Leonardo Bonilha ◽  
Ana Silvia Menezes ◽  
Luciano de Souza Queiroz ◽  
Edmur Franco Carelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Glioneuronal Tumor ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Papillary Glioneuronal Tumor ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

We report a case of a young female patient with a rare and recently described form of brain tumor. This patient had a history of headache, hemiparesis and motor simple partial seizures. Her investigation revealed a brain tumor involving the left frontal and parietal lobes. The radiological images showed a cystic mass with multiple nodular masses and a rim of contrast enhancement extending from the right parietal cortex to the ipsilateral ventricle and corpus callosum. The patient underwent gross resection of the lesion and the histological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed a pseudopapillary structure formed by delicate vessels intermixed with a fibrillary pattern and bordered by intense astrocytic reaction with Rosenthal fibers. These features correspond to the recently described mixed neuronal-glial neoplasm, the papillary glioneuronal tumor. The patient has been followed for five years since the surgical treatment, without evidence of tumor recurrence, confirming the indolent behavior of this type of tumor.

Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage Caused by Brain Tumor

Neurosurgery ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Wakai ◽  
Kenta Yamakawa ◽  
Shinya Manaka ◽  
Kintomo Takakura
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Massive Bleeding ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage

Abstract Hemorrhage from brain tumor was confirmed clinically, surgically, or on autopsy in 94 of 1861 cases (5.1%) treated during the past 18 years: 49 of 311 pituitary adenomas (15.8%) and 45 of 1550 other brain tumors (2.9%). The higher incidence of hemorrhage from pituitary adenoma was statistically significant (Neurosurgery < 0.001). In brain tumors other than pituitary adenoma, the incidence of hemorrhage was significantly higher in the patients under 14 years old (17 of the 322 cases, 5.3%) than in the patients over 15 years old (28 of the 1228 cases; 2.3%) (Neurosurgery < 0.001). Nineteen patients showed no evidence of clinical symptoms related to bleeding. Twenty-six patients had a definite history of an acute episode that suggested sudden bleeding. In 11 of these, the apoplectic syndrome was the initial presenting symptom. The incidence of hemorrhage was not statistically correlated with sex. The hemorrhage was intratumoral in 30 cases, intracerebral in 7, subarachnoid in 7, and subdural in 1. The tumors were supratentorial in 36 cases, pineal in 1, and infratentorial in 8. Primary and metastatic choriocarcinoma and primary embryonal carcinoma seemed to cause hemorrhage most frequently. The following precipitating factors were found in 7 of the 17 patients aged under 14: ventricular drainage in 2, ventriculoperitoneal shunt in 2, carotid angiography in 1, head injury in 1, and leukemia in 1. Seven of the 17 patients under 14 years old died of massive bleeding from the tumor. Unless there is evidence of vascular disease such as cerebral aneurysm, vascular malformation, or hypertensive cerebrovascular disease, intracranial hemorrhage should be suspected of being due to a brain tumor.

scholarly journals The Writer in the Landscape of the Smenovekhovstvo: Remizov and Prishvin

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Elena R. Obatnina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Return Home ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Creative Life

The article analyzes the ambiguous motives and reasons that in the early 1920s, both at home and in the diaspora, influenced the literary personality of the writer in such a way that it involuntarily acquired the features inherent in the Smenovekhovstvo movement. For the first two years in Germany, where he fled to escape the unbearable conditions of life in Russia, Alexey Remizov retained the right to return to Petrograd. Due to this voluntary position of a ”temporary” emigrant in the history of the literary process of the early 1920s, a number of events of his creative life was captured in the landscape of the Smenovekhovstvo. The article presents the first analysis of Remizov's essay ”The Hook. Petersburg’s Memory” (1922), which, at first glance, supports N. Ustryalov's program aimed at organizing the return of emigrants to their homeland. Individual perception of the Smenovekhovstvo ideologemes is discussed using the example of the behavior of two writers in a specific ideological situation. One is the case of Remizov as a “temporary” emigrant writer in 1921- 1923, the other is the case of Prishvin as a writer who, after the October coup, took the position of an “internal emigrant”. Based on Prishvin's diary, the article reveals the tragic story of the perception of Remizov's essay “The Hook” (1922) and the attitude of the two writers to the concept of ”patriotism”, one of the main motives of the “return home” movement. The article offers a new perspective on the history of the relationship between the two like-minded authors and restores the context of their unknown correspondence from 1922-1923, fragments of which have survived in Prishvin's diaries, and in one letter that was published as Prishvin's essay ”Sopka Mair ” (“The Hill Mair ”, 1922). The essay was addressed to Remizov and contained an ”answer ” to the essay ”The Hook”. This article is part of a study of Remizov’s works, viewed as a reflections of individual experience in the history of the first wave of Russian emigration.

scholarly journals A history of the path towards imaging of the brain: From skull radiography through cerebral angiography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haris Kamal ◽  
Edward J. Fine ◽  
Banafsheh Shakibajahromi ◽  
Ashkan Mowla
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spinal Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Frontal Horn ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
The Brain

This publication reviews the steps in the path towards obtaining a complete image of the brain. Up to the 1920s, plain X-ray films could demonstrate only calcified tumors, shifts in midline position of a calcified pineal gland due to a mass in the cranium, or foreign metallic objects within the skull. Walter Dandy reported in 1918 that he visualized cerebral ventricles by introducing air as a contrast agent through a trocar into one of the occipital lobes or the right frontal horn of the ventricular system. Dandy localized lesions that distorted or shifted the ventricles. In 1920, Dandy placed air by lumbar puncture into the spinal subarachnoid space that could visualize the brain and entire ventricles. Antonio Egas Moniz with the assistance of his neurosurgeon colleague, Almeida Lima, obtained X-ray images of cerebral arteries of dogs and decapitated human heads from corpses after injecting strontium bromide into their carotid arteries. Satisfied by these experiments, Moniz injected strontium bromide directly into carotid arteries of five patients which failed to show intracranial vessels. In the sixth patient, intracranial arteries were outlined but that patient died of cerebral thrombosis presumably due to the hyper- osmolality of that contrast agent. Finally, on June 18, 1927, Moniz injected 22% sodium iodine into a 20-year-old man and obtained clear visualization of his carotid artery and intracerebral branches after temporarily occluding the artery with a ligature. 

3. Registered and Unregistered Land

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-80
Author(s):  
Emma Lees
Keyword(s):  
Third Parties ◽  
Land Law ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Law System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Land Register

This chapter discusses one of the most important components of the land law system: the registration of title to land. This is the system whereby rights in land are recorded on a publically available register. The chapter first examines some of the history of English land law in the 20th and 21st centuries, considering the 1925 reforms and the Land Registration Act 2002. It also describes what the land register is, and how it fits into the system of rights in land. Land registration essentially contains three guiding rules. Certain rights must be registered to be created. Once registered, the effect of such rights is determined by their registered status. The relationship between the right-holder and third parties who later acquire rights in, or transact in relation to, the relevant land is, again, determined by registration. The register therefore has three functions: it controls creation of rights, the effects of such rights, and the interaction between rights. In this sense, registration fundamentally determines how land law works. The chapter then looks at the principles of conveyancing in unregistered land.

scholarly journals Brain tumors in patients primarly treated psychiatrically

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Ignjatovic-Ristic ◽  
Vesna Pusicic ◽  
Sanja Pejovic ◽  
Slavica Djukic-Dejanovic ◽  
Dragan Milovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of

Introduction. Psychiatric symptoms are not rare manifestations of brain tumors. Brain tumors presented by symptoms of raised intracranial pressure, focal neurological signs, or convulsions are usually first seen by the neurologist or less frequently by the neurosurgeon in routine diagnostic procedures. On the other hand, when psychiatric symptoms are the first manifestation in ?neurologically silent? brain tumors, the patients are sent to the psychiatrist for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms and brain tumors are left misdiagnosed for a long period of time. Case Report. We presented three patients with the diagnosed brain tumor where psychiatrist had been the first specialist to be consulted. In all three cases neurological examination was generally unremarkable with no focal signs or features of raised intracranial pressure. CT scan demonstrated right insular tumor in a female patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); right parietal temporal tumor in a patient with delusions and depression and left frontal tumor in a patient with history of alcohol dependency. Conclusion. Psychiatric symptoms/disorders in patients with brain tumors are not specific enough and can have the same clinical presentation as the genuine psychiatric disorder. Therefore, we emphasize the consideration of neuroimaging in patients with abrupt beginning of psychiatric symptoms, in those with a change in mental status, or when headaches suddenly appear or in cases of treatment resistant psychiatric disorders regardless the lack of neurological symptoms.

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