scholarly journals Determinants of adoption and intensity of improved faba bean cultivars in the central highlands of Ethiopia: a double-hurdle approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuala Kassa ◽  
Almaz Giziew ◽  
Dereje Ayalew
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Market Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adoption Rate ◽  
Improved Cultivars ◽  
Double Hurdle

Abstract Background Faba bean (Vicia faba. L) is the most important pulse crop both in area coverage and volume of annual production in Ethiopia. However, productivity in terms of yield in Ethiopia is still far below its potential. One important reason is that farmers are largely dependent on their local landraces. Despite the release of about 34 improved faba bean cultivars, farmers’ use of certified improved seeds is very low. This study, therefore, aimed to generate useful information on farmers’ adoption of improved faba bean cultivars by identifying factors that determine a farmer’s decision to use improved cultivars. Methods A multi-stage sampling technique was followed to select sample households. A cross-sectional household survey was used to collect data from 168 households that were randomly selected. Moreover, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted. For data analysis, the Double-hurdle econometric model was employed. Results The results revealed that the majority, i.e., 77% of rural households depended on their local landraces. The adoption rate of improved faba bean seed at the household level was 23% which is very low. This low adoption rate was mainly due to a lack of access to improved seed and a lack of awareness about the improved cultivars. The results suggest that the decisions to adopt the improved cultivars and how much land to be covered appear to be explained by different processes. The double-hurdle econometric model result further revealed that while a farmer’s adoption decision is influenced by family size, farmers’ awareness about the existing improved cultivars, and extension contact, the intensity of adoption is determined by livestock holding and access to market information. Conclusion The result showed that most of the rural households were largely dependent on their local faba bean landraces which result in low yields at harvest. Therefore, it is suggested that the promotion of improved faba bean cultivars and improve farmers’ access to extension service and timely market information are the most decisive factors to be emphasized to improve the adoption of improved cultivars.

scholarly journals ADOPTION AND IMPACT OF IMPROVED PIGEON PEAS ON FARMING HOUSEHOLD POVERTY IN SEMI-ARID SOUTH EAST KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
S J Matere ◽  
J R Busienei ◽  
O.L E Mbatia
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Market Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the factors influencing adoption of improved pigeon peas in semi-arid South Eastern Kenya and to evaluate the impact of adoption on households’ poverty. Methodology: The study used cross sectional data gathered through household survey to establish the factors influencing improved pigeon pea adoption. Propensity score matching approach was further used to assess the impact of adoption on households’ poverty. Findings: The results show that farmers’ access to improved pigeon pea seed, contact with agricultural extension service providers and access to market information significantly influenced adoption (p< 0.001). Adopters and non-adopters got an average net farm income of Kenya shillings (KES) 29,570 and 21, 490 per acre per year respectively. Adoption of improved pigeon peas resulted in a decrease of head count poverty by 0.24% and a reduction of poverty gap and poverty severity by 0.30% and 0.20 % respectively. Contribution to theory, practice and policy:  The study recommends that both National and County Government make policies that create enabling environment for private sector participation in production of certified seed to improve farmers’ access to improved seed to augment production. Facilitating farmers’ improved access to reliable and timely market information will increase production of marketable surplus of the peas that are adaptable to semi-arid areas, increase fall income and contribute to reduction of rural poverty.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Level of Rural Households Livelihood Diversification in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Wanno Wallole ◽  
Yishak Gecho ◽  
Tewodros Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Household Livelihood ◽  
Household Heads

Livelihood diversification is enchanting a significant effect in generating household’s income. The livelihood diversification includes:on-farm, non-farm and off-farm strategies which are undertaken to get extra income and moderate hazard and insecurity. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting the level of rural household livelihood diversification in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The study was conducted by using a cross-sectional research design. It is a quantitative dominant concurrent mixed research methodology where the qualitative research is complemented with interpretations and triangulation. By applying multi-stage random sampling technique, a sample size of 400 household heads from 6 sample villages was selected and data were collected using interview schedule and via key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and presented by using tables, graphs and figures while chi-square-test and F-test were employed to make statistical inferences. Tobit model was employed to identify the intensity of factors affecting of rural household’s livelihood diversification. Out of the 14 hypothesized explanatory variables, 6 variables namely age, education, access to extension, media access, distance to urban centers and training were found to have significant effect in rural household livelihood diversification decision. Therefore, the findings of this imply that rural households’ development policies should consider these factors in designing rural household livelihood diversification strategy.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Health Seeking Behavior of Senior Citizens of Dharan

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewa Adhikari ◽  
Dagendra Prasad Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Seeking Behavior ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Seeking Behavior

Objectives: To determine the health status and the factors affecting health seeking behavior of the senior citizens aged 60years and above. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study based on household survey was adapted. The sample consisted 400 senior citizens resident of Dharan. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study subject. Individuals were interviewed through selfdeveloped semi-structured pre-tested questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics (chisquire test) were used. Results: Among 400 respondents, the most frequently reported illness were hypertension(29.3%), diabetes mellitus(8.3%), arthritis/joint pain(24.8%), eye problems(19.0%), hearing problems(3.3%), oral health problems(17.5%), digestive system problems(17.8%), respiratory problems(11.0%), heart disease(3.8%), renal problem(5.3%), skin diseases(7.5%), tuberculosis(3.0%), liver disease(3.0%), mental illness(5.75%),fracture(1.0%), Gynecological problems(7.3%) and male genital (6.3%) problems were also noted. Faith healers were the first treatment choice (97.2%) irrespective of age, gender or ethnicity. After that they visited BPKIHS (36.3%), private practitioner (26.3%), self-treatment (11.3%) and self-drug-use (6.8%). Half of the respondents utilized formal health institutions only in major chronic conditions. Poverty emerged as a major determinant of health seeking behavior and treatment was considered waste of money (indirect effect 64%) and lack of money (35 .5%) followed by poor attitude of health worker (41%) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v3i1.10055   Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.3(1) 2014; 50-57

scholarly journals Institutional delivery and its associated factors: A community based cross-sectional study in Kavre district

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Sushila Shrestha ◽  
Geeta Kamal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Background:  Health facility delivery is considered a critical strategy to improve maternal health. The Government of  Nepal is promoting institutional delivery through different incentive programs and the establishment of birthing centers.  The objective of this study was to identify utilization of institutional delivery and its associated factors.Method:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among the mothers of under five children in Dhungkharka.  Pre-tested questionnaire was administered to 170 mothers between 15-45 years of age group. Household survey was done by using purposive sampling technique and face to face interview technique was used to collect the data from 1st Julyto 30 th December 2014. Data was analyzed using simple descriptive statistic with SPSS version 16. Association with  institutional delivery was assessed by using chi-square test.Results: Among the total participants, 90.0% of them had institutional delivery. The higher proportions of institutional  delivery were found in both literate mothers (p=0.001), and literate husband (p=0.023). The proportion of institutional  delivery among the mothers decided by their relatives (husband, father/mother-in-laws and other family members) for  institutional delivery had higher portion (p=0.048) of  institutional delivery than participants who decide themselves.Conclusion: Utilization of institutional delivery was much higher than national figure. Institutional delivery was associated  with both educational status of mothers and their husband. Decision made by husband, mother in-law, father in-law and other family members were also associated with institutional delivery. So, to increase institutional delivery, family members need to be encouraged for safe motherhood program.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 6, No. 1, 2017, page: 22-26

scholarly journals Vaccination Coverage Under the Expanded Program on Immunization in South West Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-251
Author(s):  
Bestina Forkwa Ewang ◽  
Mathias Esum Eyong ◽  
Samuel Nambile Cumber ◽  
Claude Ngwayu Nkfusai ◽  
Brenda Mbouamba Yankam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Area ◽  
South West ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Expanded Program On Immunization

Background: Inadequate vaccination coverage with increased risk of vaccine preventable disease outbreaks remain a problem in Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the vaccination coverage levels under the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in a health area and to identify factors that affect vaccination coverage in view of providing valuable data for disease prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in August 2017 in the Mbonge health area, Southwest Cameroon. Clustered sampling technique was used to select study communities and a purposive sampling design was used to select households. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from consenting caregivers of children aged 9–23 months. Vaccination coverage was assessed by consulting the vaccination cards and parents’ recall. In households with more than one child aged 9-23months, the youngest was chosen. Results: Overall, 300 caregivers were enrolled into the study. The average vaccination coverage for the past three years (2014-2016) was 34.0%. Two hundred and fifty-five (85%) children had vaccination cards. Amongst the children, 143 (47.7%) had taken all vaccines as recommended while 30 (10%) had not received a single dose. Factors significantly associated with incomplete vaccination status included: occupation (being a farmer) (p-value=0.011), marital status (married) (p-value=0.048), caregiver’s utilization of health facility (p-value=0.003), low levels of mothers’ utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services (p-value=0.000), and low knowledge on vaccination (p-value=0.000). Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Adequate vaccination coverage can be attained through good sensitization and health education for primary caregivers. Targeting families living far away from vaccination centers, using appropriate communication and vaccination strategies may improve vaccination coverage in the Mbonge Health Area of South West Region, Cameroon. Key words: • Assessment • Vaccination Coverage Expanded Program on Immunization • Mbonge Health Area • Cameroon • EPI   Copyright © 2020 Ewang et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals Preventive behavior of Opisthorchiasis among people in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-572
Author(s):  
Kaewjai Maleelai ◽  
Sasimaphon Chaikaew ◽  
Aungsumalin Nakham ◽  
Jinda Khumkaew
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Behavior ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Monthly Salary

Background: Although we are in the era of the 21st-century, some people's lifestyles are still unchanged. People are still eating crude or undercooked fish, which puts them at risk for opisthorchiasis infection. This study aimed to measure knowledge and prevention behavior regarding opisthorchiasis among people resident in Ubon Ratchathani, the northeastern region of Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2nd October 2018 to 26th December 2018. The data was collected via a self-administered household survey using a systematic random sampling technique. Univariate and bivariate analyses such as the chi-square test were performed. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data, and the significance of less than 0.05 was considered. Results: Four hundred and fifteen households have completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were female (50.1%), aged 15-59 years old (75.3%), married (64.8%), had completed elementary school (46.3%), worked in agriculture (31.6%), and had a monthly salary of on average of 6,525 baht. Most of the respondents reported excellent behavior (94.2%) and good knowledge (80.5%) to prevent opisthorchiasis, respectively. However, there was no significant association between participants' characteristics and the related behavior to prevent opisthorchiasis (p>0.05). Conclusion: Despite efforts to educate the community, some people lack preventive knowledge and exhibit behavior associated with a higher risk of opisthorchiasis.

RURAL HOUSEHOLDS' SOURCES OF WATER AND WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR IMPROVED WATER SERVICES IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. DARE ◽  
I. A. AYINDE ◽  
A. M. SHITTU
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Study Results

Households' source of water is one of the core development indicators recently gaining prominence in Nigeria. This study examined rural households' sources of water and its Willingness to Pay (WTP).  A cross sectional survey involving the use of questionnaire was adopted while a dichotomous choice (DC) with follow up was used as elicitation method. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 437 rural households. Descriptive statistics and Tobit model was used as analytical tool for the study. Results from this study revealed that almost 70% fetched from unimproved water sources. Only 74.4% of the respondents showed WTP for improved water sources. Age(p<0.01), Sex (p<0.01), Education (p<0.01), Occupation(p<0.01), Income (p<0.01), Price of water(P<0.01), Quantity of water (p<0.01), Household size(p<0.01) and Distance(p<0.01) to existing water sources significantly influenced rural households' WTP for these services. Therefore, good water sources should be cited nearer to rural community at a relatively low price by rural households.  

scholarly journals Open access in a spatially delineated artisanal fishery: the case of Minahasa, Indonesia

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER LIESE ◽  
MARTIN D. SMITH ◽  
RANDALL A. KRAMER
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Using Data

The effects of economic development on the exploitation of renewable resources are investigated in settings where property rights are ill defined or not enforced. This paper explores potential conservation implications from labor and product market developments, such as enhanced transportation infrastructure. A model is developed that predicts individual fish catch per unit effort based on characteristics of individual fishermen and the development status of their villages. The econometric model is estimated using data from a cross-sectional household survey of artisanal coral reef fishermen in Minahasa, Indonesia, taking account of fishermen heterogeneity. Variation across different villages and across fishermen within the villages is used to explore the effects of development. Strong evidence is found for the countervailing forces of product and labor market effects on the exploitation of a coral reef fishery.

scholarly journals Prevalence of NCDs among Rural Households of Dhamrai Upazila, Dhaka

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahfuzar Rahman ◽  
Md Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Tabassum Tahmin Sajani ◽  
Abu Kawser
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Ear Infections

Background: The emerging pandemic of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) creates a new frontier for health professionals globally. Bangladesh has been facing a dual burden of existing communicable and nocommunicable diseases. The aim of this study was to find out the proportion of NCDs among the rural households.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 552 respondents and 651 family members suffering from NCDs as respondents by purposive sampling technique from 13th to 15th December, 2015 in different villages of Dhamrai Upazila,Dhaka. Data were collected on a pretested questionnaire by face to face interview. Data were analyzed manually and by using computer.Results: The study revealed that majority of the respondents 77% were Muslims by religion and 52% male, 48% female by sex. About 87% respondents were found within the age 15-55 years and mean age was 38.71±1.73 years. Most of them 73% were literate and only 27% were found illiterate. About 60% were involved in Business, service and 16%, 10%, 9% and 5% were Day Labourer, Garments workers, Farmers and Driver respectively. About 59% respondents monthly income were more than TK 9000. About 46% & 33% respondents found to have 3 & 4 number of family members respectively. The proportion of family members of the respondents suffering from NCDs was estimated to 31%. Among the sufferer 48.7% were male and 51.3% were female. About 71% were found within 21-60 years age group. Diabetes, Hypertension, COPD and CHD were found mostly among 33%, 54%, 26% & 11% of the respondents respectively. Regarding duration of suffering from NCDs 18%, 29%, 31% & 24% were suffering for 3-4 years from diabetes, Hypertension, COPD & CHD respectively. Moreover, 21% had other co-morbidities along with NCDs. Peptic Ulcer Disease, pain, Arthritis, Allergy, Ear infections & Disability were found as common co-morbidities among 49%, 47%, 19%, 12%, 11% & 9% of the respondents respectively.Conclusion: Proportion of NCDs among the rural households are alarming and people are also suffering from various co-morbidities along with NCDs. The study findings demand the strategic plan for surveillance and prevention of NCDs in Bangladesh.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 1: Jan 2017, P 55-59

scholarly journals Effects of Different Socio-economic Characteristics of Rural Households on Their Saving Decision in Pabna District of Bangladesh: A Binary Logistic Regression Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Md. Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Saving ◽  
Private Savings

Household saving ensures a smooth future by softening the potential insecurities arise from uncertainty at the cost of present consumption. Moreover, the volume of national investment determines the actual health of an economy which is intensively associated with national savings. This study aimed at determining the effects of different socio-economic characteristics of rural households on their saving decision in Pabna district of Bangladesh. This research used a set of cross-sectional data from 250 households from three upazilas in Pabna district namely Pabna Sadar, Iswardi and Sujanagar on the relevant variables for the empirical analysis. A multistage random sampling technique involving simple, purposive and stratified random sampling was used to draw the sample. The study employed a binary logistic regression model to assess the influences of different socio-economic and demographic characteristics of rural household on their saving decision. The findings of the current study asserted that gender, family size and dependency ratio of household have significant and negative effects on their decision to start saving or not to start saving. Contrarily, the effects of the variables age, education level, marital status, income, secondary earner and liabilities on the decision of households to participate in saving were positive and significant. Moreover, the results revealed that social status has a strong but insignificant effect, but the variables access to bank and credit facilities have almost no significant effect on the household saving decisions. Since, private savings is essential for both the micro and macro level of an economy, therefore the study tried to suggest some recommendations with a view to increase private savings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document