scholarly journals Trends and constraints of utilization of preserved cowpea leaves among households in arid and semi-arid lands in Kenya: a convergent mixed method study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Owade ◽  
G. O. Abong’ ◽  
M. W. Okoth ◽  
A. W. Mwang’ombe
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Convergent Design ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Background As much as local communities have employed traditional techniques of preservation to enhance availability and utilization of cowpea leaves, the efficiency of these techniques in achieving food security need to be established. The current study sought to document trends and constraints of utilization of preserved cowpea leaves in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) in order to overcome of seasonal availability of the vegetable. Method A mixed method convergent design that included household survey of randomly sampled cowpea producing households and focus group discussion and key informant interviews with stakeholders in the ASAL areas of Kitui and Taita Taveta Counties of Kenya was conducted. Results The study found that the utilization of preserved forms of cowpea leaves in the in-season was by 58% of the respondents. Three quarters (73.6%) of the households could not get the vegetables from their own sources during scarcity, whereas 25% did not consume the vegetables at all at such times. The preserved forms of the vegetables was utilized among 24.0% of the households, with significantly (p < 0.05) higher utilization in less arid areas. Households that were involved in commercialization of cowpea leaves and sale of the preserved forms in the open air market had significantly higher likelihood (p < 0.001, OR = 2.47 and p < 0.001, OR = 2.3, respectively) of utilization of the vegetables during scarcity. Emerging themes from the qualitative survey showed that weaknesses in the policy environment, stakeholder interest, marketing and accessibility to proper equipment were the deterrents of traditional preservation of the vegetable. Conclusion In conclusion, the preserved forms of cowpea leaves promoted availability of the vegetable especially in the dry seasons. In as much as there is limited practising of preservation of the vegetables, its availability is enhanced through dehydration and other value-addition techniques among a significant number of the households.

Assessment of Climate Change Related Disasters in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands. A Case of Baringo County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
Ednah Chemutai Koskei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Semi Arid

The main objective of this study was to identify Climate Change Related Disasters (CCRDs) in Arid and Semi-arid Lands such as Baringo County. The study used a descriptive survey design. Purposeful sampling and stratified proportionate random sampling procedures were used to obtain the Sample. A sample of 376 households were selected for the study in Baringo County. Questionnaire, key informant interview schedule and observations were the main instruments of data collection. Analysis of data was done using the SPSS. Percentages were used to analyse CCRDs. Drought, storms and floods are climate change related disasters affecting Baringo County. About 80 percent of the households strongly agreed that drought is the most common disasters affecting the County. Vegetation clearance is the main cause of CCRDs in Baringo County hence there is need to increase awareness on climate change and encourage people to use alternative sources of energy and plant trees.

STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION TO SPEAK IN A GROUP DISCUSSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar Maulana ◽  
Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin ◽  
Luwandi Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Class A ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Teaching And Learning Environment ◽  
Integrative Motivation ◽  
Academic Year

This research was done to know the factors’ influencing students’ motivation to speak in a group discussion. This research is qualitative survey, in which the subjects are the Third-Semester Students of English Education Study Program of Tanjungpura University in Academic Year 2018/2019. The subjects of this research were 25 students in class A. The data were collected through observation and survey. Based on the data the students are motivated enough in speaking class and the motivation are relatively high across the students but most of the students faced several speaking problems such as afraid of making mistakes, lack of confidence, and lack of motivation. In summary, the factors that influenced the students’ motivation to speak in a group discussion are the students' interest to the materials of learning, the students’ interest to the culture of the target language, and lastly the reinforced that the students receive inside/outside the teaching and learning process. All of the factors are related to types of motivation, such as, intrinsic, extrinsic, instrumental, and integrative motivation. The writer claimed that knowing and understand sorts of motivation is essential with the intention of making a better teaching and learning environment

SUSTAINABLE YIELD GROUNDWATER IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID LANDS IN TEXAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Green ◽  
◽  
F. Paul Bertetti ◽  
Beth Fratesi ◽  
Nathaniel J. Toll
Keyword(s):  
Arid Lands ◽  
Sustainable Yield ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Choices of Research Methodologies on Climate Change Adaptation Especially Focusing on Agriculture Sector: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Shree Kumar Maharjan ◽  
Keshav Lall Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Agriculture Sector

A rapid increase in climate researches by applying diverse methodologies and approaches in recent decades. These researches have directly or indirectly contributed in better understanding of climate issues, risks and vulnerabilities. It has improved awareness and capacities of the public and communities to adapt to the vulnerabilities and impacts. It, further, contributes in formulation of climate policies and plans to address climate risks and vulnerabilities at the local and national levels. Appropriate methodologies lead to better results in the researches. This paper has applied systematic review of the published papers (2010 -2017) to understand the general and specific research methodologies in climate discourse especially in Web of Science (WS), Springer Link (SL) and Science Direct (SD). Altogether, 37 journal papers (10 WS, 13 SL and 14 SD) were selected for the detail analysis based on the assessment of abstracts, which was mainly concentrated on research methodologies specializing in agriculture. In the process, the authors have analyzed the contents, research methodologies, data analysis, and geographical coverages. The analysis, further, concentrated on the scope and limitations of the research methodologies used.&nbsp; Wide-ranging research methodologies are found that are applied by the researchers in the climate change discourse. Some researchers have applied general research methodologies whereas others have used specific research methodologies and model analysis. Furthermore, it is comprehended that the combination of research methodologies and approaches through focus group discussion together with household survey and model analysis is the effective way for the research by using quantitative and qualitative data.&nbsp;

scholarly journals The effectiveness of nutrition education for care takers at Al-Sabah children hospital in patient therapeutic feeding center, Juba South Sudan.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bosco Alumai
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Feeding Center ◽  
Successful Transfer

 AbstractBackgroundA key part of treating and preventing malnutrition is the provision of effective nutrition education to the clients and caretakers so that they can self-manage their nutrition needs even after discharge from the hospital. For effective nutrition education, three factors are paramount; The successful transfer of knowledge and skills, client motivation to act on the acquired skills and knowledge and ensuring that the patient is able to understand and put to practice the educational messages given.MethodsThe study used cross sectional design with mixed method of data collection that involved 83 caretakers of admitted SAM children at Al-Sabah children hospital ITC, Sample size was determined using Cochran 1975, interviewer administered questionnaires and focus group discussion guide were the tools used in collecting data.Data set was generated using EPI info and analyzed using SPSS version 21, the analyzed descriptive data was triangulated with the qualitative data collected using FGD.Results The majority of the caretakers were female 78 (94%) of which 68 (81.9%) were mothers to the children that were admitted. Only 8 (9.6%) of the respondents were found to have attained effective nutrition education and majority of the respondents were found not to be recalling the information they were given during the education session.ConclusionAs per the guidelines adapted by the ministry of health republic of South Sudan, the nutrition education sessions conducted was found not be effective as most of the clients could not even recall the information given. 

scholarly journals Management of Devolved Health Services and Healthcare Service Delivery in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Abdihafid Abdullahi Yarow ◽  
Shadrack Jirma ◽  
Elijah Siringi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Semi Arid

The 2010 Constitution provides a legal framework that guarantees an all-inclusive rights-based approach to health service delivery to Kenyans. It provides that Kenyans are entitled to the highest attainable standards of health, which includes the right to healthcare services including reproductive health care (Article 43). The purpose of this study was to investigate the the extent to which management of devolved health services influence health-care service delivery in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands in Kenya. This study was guided by fiscal decentralization theory and theory of performance improvement, as well as sequential theory of decentralization. This study used a triangulation of both positivism and phenomenology. The population under this study constitute the Sub-Counties in ASAL in Kenya with a sample size of 89 Sub-Counties being sampled and 3 patients from each of the 89 sampled sub counties. This study found that, since the onset of devolution, there has been introduction of more healthcare facilities at counties in ASAL resulting with sub-county leaderships have been largely considering the opinions raised by the residents while implementing health services decisions. Management of devolved health services, healthcare has greatly made health facilities and services more accessible to residents compared to before with the previous five years recording great improvement in the quality of the health services at county health centers. The national government should therefore consider increasing financial resources to counties, which would eventually enhance health manpower for better service delivery. This study therefore recommends that the hospitals management should come up with strategies that can help improve financial resources to fund facilities improvement.

scholarly journals INFLUENTIAL MARKETING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY THE CEMENT INDUSTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
Anjay Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Credit Period ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Mind State ◽  
Awareness Tool ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Key Informant Interview

The study is focused to encounter the marketing strategies adopted by cement industries and suppliers. The study is conducted at Madhyapur Thimi Municipality among different level of consumer i.e house owner, supplier, contractor/mason and consultant/engineer. Out of 871 permitted under construction building of fiscal year 2016/17, 89 end consumers and 30 suppliers were selected for questionnaire survey with two different set of questionnaire. Key informant interview was conducted for in depth information while focus group discussion was done to understand influencing strategies. Bonus coupon and credit period was found to be brand promotional tools among 36.67% and 23.33% of the suppliers respectively whereas 50% of the end consumers get attracted through credit period. Credit period is the most influential marketing strategy while advertisement being the brand awareness tool to the consumer to set their brand in ‘Top of Mind’ state.

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