Offshore-onshore resistivity imaging of freshwater using a controlled-source electromagnetic method: A feasibility study

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. E391-E405
Author(s):  
Keiichi Ishizu ◽  
Yasuo Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Controlled Source ◽  
Resistivity Imaging ◽  
Model Study

Coastal freshwater provides a water source for more than one billion people living in coastal regions. For sustainable groundwater management in coastal areas, an understanding of freshwater distribution is necessary. Freshwater distribution in a coastal area can extend across the shoreline and into the offshore region. Offshore-onshore mapping of freshwater helps us to gain a comprehensive understanding of the freshwater distribution in coastal areas. Resistivity imaging using electromagnetic methods has been used to reveal the freshwater distribution in coastal areas because electrical resistivity in these settings is primarily controlled by porosity and porewater salinity. We have considered a controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) method for offshore-onshore resistivity imaging of freshwater at a depth range of 0–500 m below the seafloor. Our CSEM method is novel in considering an array of onshore-offshore electromagnetic receivers with onshore electric dipole transmitters. We have conducted a feasibility study to investigate the ability of the CSEM method for offshore-onshore resistivity imaging of freshwater in a coastal area. The test results indicate that the method could image the resistivity distribution of freshwater located at a depth of 500 m below the seafloor. Our model study also indicates that the offshore-onshore CSEM method can detect offshore aquifers up to 5 km from the shoreline. These numerical test results imply that our CSEM method is a promising technique for offshore-onshore resistivity imaging of freshwater in coastal areas.

scholarly journals Intention to Comply With Mandatory Hurricane Evacuation Orders Among Persons Living Along a Coastal Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda M. Reininger ◽  
Sartaj Alam Raja ◽  
Ana Sanchez Carrasco ◽  
Zhongxue Chen ◽  
Barbara Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Hurricane Evacuation ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Final Sample

AbstractObjectivesWe examined the intention to comply with mandatory hurricane evacuation orders among respondents living in coastal areas with pronounced poverty by demographic and location characteristics.MethodsA 3-county door-to-door survey was conducted with 1 randomly selected resident per household. Households were selected using a 2-stage cluster sampling strategy and stratified by county. The final sample included 3088 households in 100 census tracts across 3 counties.ResultsFindings suggest that the majority of residents living in areas prone to hurricanes intend to comply with mandatory evacuation orders regardless of income level. Variation in intention to comply with mandatory evacuation orders is shown by age, gender, ethnicity, education, acculturation, county, and distance from shoreline.ConclusionsThe demonstrated high intention to comply with evacuation orders in impoverished areas suggests a need for improved planning to evacuate the most vulnerable residents. Demographic and location characteristics associated with decreased intention to comply may be considered for targeting messages and education before disasters to modifying intentions and plans to evacuate. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:46-54)

scholarly journals Analysis of land suitability, carrying capacity, and development strategies for seaweed cultivation in Labakkang District, Pangkep Regency, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Mosriula Mosriula
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Seaweed Cultivation ◽  
Coastal Land

Analysis of land, its carrying capacity and development strategy of seaweed cultivation in Labakkang, Pangkajene Regency. This study attempts to: (1) analyze the suitability of coastal land that appropriate for seaweed cultivation, (2) determine the carrying capacity of the land for seaweed cultivation, (3) formulate strategies and policies that appropriate for seaweed cultivation. This study used biophysical field survey to assess the region, analyze the suitability of the land as well as the carrying capacity of the area by using a geographic information system. Furthermore, the research analyzed the strategy and policy of development of seaweed cultivation with A'WOT analysis approach. The results of the evaluation of the suitability of land for seaweed cultivation in coastal areas showed that Labakkang has potential approximately 1632.876 ha. The area is suitable for seaweed cultivation activities around 1035.54 ha, and unsuitable area around 597.336 ha. For carrying capacity of seaweed cultivation in the coastal area of Labakkang is for 40.55 units. The priority development strategy of seaweed cultivation is strengthening institutions to make a sustainable seaweed cultivation in Labakkang.

scholarly journals 2D SCHEME FOR COMPUTING WATER SOURCE COMPONENTS IN COASTAL AREA - A TOOL FOR CREATING BASIC ENVIRONMENT MAP

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Nien An Nguyen ◽  
Thang Duc Tang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Difference Scheme ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Finite Difference Scheme ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Spline Functions ◽  
Computational Process ◽  
Environment Map ◽  
Second Degree

2D scheme for hydrodynamic and water source components problems is created on improved finite difference scheme KOD-02 with rectangular network that may be added a number of curved triangles at some boundaries. Water resource components problem is solved via so-called second degree spline functions. In all computational process the alternative direction is used. The computation results lead to the formation of the water source components map, which is the basic environment map in coastal area.

scholarly journals Coastal erosion risk assessment in the coastal area of Muara Asam Asam, Tanah Laut Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Rizki Adriadi Ghiffari ◽  
Haryo Dwito Armono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Coastal erosion is the process of land erosion in coastal areas due to waves and ocean currents which reduce land and can adversely affect socio-economic activities in coastal areas. Coastal erosion risk assessment in the estuary is a development of previous research, because the erosion and accretion processes do not only occur along the shoreline, but also on the side facing river water bodies, due to the confluence of fluvial and marine processes. The landward shift of the shoreline in the Muara Asam Asam coastal area has reached 90 meters in the last 28 years, and has been detrimental because the area is a densely populated area with major economic activities in the fisheries and agriculture sectors. This study aims to determine the coastal erosion risk level zones based on the relationship among vulnerability and consequence parameters, through distance decay weighted based method. The results indicate that Muara Asam Asam has high risk zones of coastal erosion, especially in densely populated residential areas and dry land agriculture on the west side of the estuary, due to the lack of implementation of preventive measures through hard coastal structure and coastal zoning policy to protect socio-economic activities and coastal ecological environments.

scholarly journals Construction and investigation of new numerical algorithms for the heat equation : Part 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-348
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Saleh ◽  
Ádám Nagy ◽  
Endre Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Heat Conduction Equation ◽  
Space Dimension ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Numerical Algorithms ◽  
Heat Conducting ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Test Results ◽  
New Algorithms

This paper is the second part of a paper-series in which we create and examine new numerical methods for solving the heat conduction equation. Now we present numerical test results of the new algorithms which have been constructed using the known, but non-conventional UPFD and odd-even hopscotch methods in Part 1. Here all studied systems have one space dimension and the physical properties of the heat conducting media are uniform. We also examine different possibilities of treating heat sources.

scholarly journals Scenic Beauty Estimation Analysis of Sara Besar Island for The Development of Coastal Ecotourism in Talaud Islands District

GeoEco ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Joyce Kumaat ◽  
Kalvin S Andaria ◽  
Hilda F Oroh
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Scenic Beauty ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

<p><em>This study aims to determine the potential of coastal areas in ecotourism development through a spatial approach using Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) analysis. The benefits related to the use of geographic information technology will conceptually provide the right solution for planning and regional development in ecotourism development.  Activities carried out include collecting data in the field related to physical and non-physical factors in coastal areas through surveys and mapping, then analyzing data in a Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) and designing geographic information systems in the form of mapping on 1) physical, artistic potential, and tourist activities, 2) accessibility (transportation), 3) information and accommodation services.  The contribution of this research is to provide information and input for the government to facilitate and determine the planning and development of ecotourism in the coastal area of Talaud Regency on the island of Sara. It can increase regional or regional income, participation, and support in managing and utilizing coastal regions.</em></p>

scholarly journals A new terrestrial snail species (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae) from the Región de Antofagasta, northern Chile

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3538
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Araya ◽  
Abraham S.H. Breure
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
First Record ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Terrestrial Snails ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Coastal Range

A new species of Scutalus Albers, 1850 (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae), Scutalus chango sp. n., is described from a coastal area of northern Chile. Empty shells of this new species were found buried in sand and under boulders and rocks in the foothills of the Chilean Coastal Range at Paposo, Región de Antofagasta. This new species is distinguished from all other Chilean terrestrial snails by its slender shell with a flared and reflected aperture, and by the presence of a columellar fold. This is the first record of Scutalus in Chile, and the southernmost record for this endemic South American bulimulid genus. The presence of this species in Paposo highlights the need for further research and for conservation guidelines in coastal areas of northern Chile, which have comparatively high levels of biodiversity and endemism.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Combination of Pregabalin with Duloxetine or Amitriptyline on the Pharmacokinetics and Antiallodynic Effect During Neuropathic Pain in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. E511-E520
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rotarod Test ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Antiallodynic Effect

BACKGROUND: Amitriptyline, duloxetine, and pregabalin are among the most pharmacotherapeutic, effective treatments for neuropathic pain control. However, the evaluation of synergism by combining these treatments is still poorly investigated. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of the combination of pregabalin plus duloxetine and pregabalin plus amitriptyline, as well as the effect of these on neuropathic pain on rodent model. STUDY DESIGN: The experimental study. SETTING: The research took place in the research laboratories at the Federal University of Alfenas after ethics committee approval. METHODS: This study used male Wistar rats weighing between 220 and 250 g. The animals were randomly divided into the following groups: monotherapy (pregabalin, amitriptyline, duloxetine), combined therapy (pregabalin + amitriptyline, pregabalin + duloxetine), and vehicle (ultrapure water). Pharmacokinetic analysis of pregabalin or combination (pregabalin + amitriptyline or pregabalin + duloxetine) in the plasma were performed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Neuropathic pain was induced by sciatic nerve constriction (chronic constriction injury [CCI]) model, and nociceptive threshold was measured by von Frey filaments test. In addition, to evaluate the influence of the treatments on the motor coordination, the rotarod test was used. RESULTS: The pharmacokinetic disposition of pregabalin was changed in the association with amitriptyline, presenting a clearance reduction and consequently an increase in bioavailability. Furthermore, after the 14th day of CCI, pregabalin was administered orally and induced antiallodynic effect after 1, 2:15, 4, and 8 hours of its administration and showed the greatest antiallodynic effect after 4 hours of its administration. Moreover, this effect was prolonged (up to 8 hours) by combination with amitriptyline. Additionally, pregabalin and pregabalin + duloxetine showed a hypoalgesic effect in sham rats. In addition, the rotarod test results showed that drugs did not influence the motor coordination of the rats. LIMITATIONS: Potential competition mechanisms during the excretion of pregabalin, when pregabalin was combined with amitriptyline, were not investigated in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrated that combined therapy of pregabalin plus amitriptyline improved the bioavailability of pregabalin and potentiated the efficacy of the antiallodynic effect of pregabalin alone, proving to be advantageous for the treatment of sciatic neuropathic pain. KEY WORDS: Neuropathic pain, pregabalin, duloxetine, amitriptyline, pharmacokinetic, antiallodynic effect, combined therapy, rats

scholarly journals Analysis Of Effect Of Social And Economic Infrastructure Development To The Economy Of Coastal Areas In East Java Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Gigih Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Fem Method

Developing countries are always faced with various economic development challenges (Todaro, 2000). Development of social economic Infrastructures has an important factor to influence the level of Gross Domestic Product. In coastal areas, infrastructure development is low and not optimal utilization. This study aims to determine the effects of development of social economic Infrastructures to the economy of coastal area in East Java Province during the perion 2008-2015. This study uses secondary data and samples taken by purposive random sampling technique that is the district/city of Banyuwangi, Jember, Probolinggo, Trenggalek, Sumenep, Sampang, Bangkalan, Lamongan, Gresik, Malang, dan kota Surabaya. This study uses panel data Fixed Effects Model (FEM) method with Generalized Least Square (GLS) cross section weight.The results of this study indicate that the variable of number school building, roads, and electricities significantly and positively effect to the economy of coastal area in East Java Province.

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