President's Page

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Maria Angela Capello
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Current Issue ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Specific Step

I look forward to New Year's resolutions. They challenge me to shape the year ahead, hopefully as a better one than the last. For 2020, I included in my list specific step changes to reduce my own carbon footprint, and there is no better opportunity to discuss this than in the current issue of The Leading Edge, with its special section dedicated to carbon dioxide (CO2).

scholarly journals Decarbonization of Residential Building Energy Supply: Impact of Cogeneration System Performance on Energy, Environment, and Economics

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Praveen K. Cheekatamarla
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
The Impact

Electrical and thermal loads of residential buildings present a unique opportunity for onsite power generation, and concomitant thermal energy generation, storage, and utilization, to decrease primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide intensity. This approach also improves resiliency and ability to address peak load burden effectively. Demand response programs and grid-interactive buildings are also essential to meet the energy needs of the 21st century while addressing climate impact. Given the significance of the scale of building energy consumption, this study investigates how cogeneration systems influence the primary energy consumption and carbon footprint in residential buildings. The impact of onsite power generation capacity, its electrical and thermal efficiency, and its cost, on total primary energy consumption, equivalent carbon dioxide emissions, operating expenditure, and, most importantly, thermal and electrical energy balance, is presented. The conditions at which a cogeneration approach loses its advantage as an energy efficient residential resource are identified as a function of electrical grid’s carbon footprint and primary energy efficiency. Compared to a heat pump heating system with a coefficient of performance (COP) of three, a 0.5 kW cogeneration system with 40% electrical efficiency is shown to lose its environmental benefit if the electrical grid’s carbon dioxide intensity falls below 0.4 kg CO2 per kWh electricity.

Modeling of Carbon Dioxide Measurement on Cement Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2120-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xia Peng ◽  
Liang Huang ◽  
Yu Bo Zhao ◽  
Pan Chen ◽  
Lu Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Measurement ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Reducing Co2 Emission

Input-output model on cement plants were established. Carbon dioxide emissions of key steps and carbon footprint of products were calculated and predicted using the input-output model. The results showed that CO2 emission in the plant (the production of the plant is 1320000t a year) reached 910000 t a year and CO2 emission per ton product is 0.689 ton. Over 80% of the total CO2 was emitted during the process of firing，so the firing process is the key step for reducing CO2 emission in the cement plant. Carbon footprint of three kinds of cement products including ordinary portland cement, portland pozzolan cement and portland blast furnace slag cement are 0.76, 0.59, 0.72 respectively.

Assessment of Nitrous Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Emissions and the Carbon Footprint in an Aerobic Granular Sludge Reactor Treating Domestic Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Caye Daudt ◽  
Bruna Scandolara Magnus ◽  
Cássio Moraes Schambeck ◽  
Nelson Libardi ◽  
Rejane Helena Ribeiro da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge

Non-Uniform Two-Phase Flow of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centrifugal Compressor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenrui Bao ◽  
Ce Yang ◽  
Li Fu ◽  
Changmao Yang ◽  
Lucheng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Abstract An asymmetric structure of volute in a supercritical carbon dioxide centrifugal compressor induces a non-uniform circumferential distribution of the upstream flow field, which inevitably affects the formation of a two-phase region of carbon dioxide in an impeller. In this work, unsteady simulations for centrifugal compressors were conducted. First, the influence of low static strip induced by low static pressure near volute tongue on the impeller flow field was presented. Then, the non-uniform flow field distribution in the impeller passages and flow characteristics of the passages at the impeller inlet were obtained. Finally, the two-phase regions in the impeller were presented. The results demonstrate that for a centrifugal compressor with volute, the two-phase region appears not only on the suction surface of the leading edge of the blade, but also in some impeller passages, on the pressure surface of the blade near the leading edge, and in the leading edge and mid-chord of tip clearance, under the design conditions. The low static pressure strip induced by the volute leads to a high-speed region in the impeller passages where the temperature and pressure of supercritical carbon dioxide fall below the critical point and carbon dioxide enters the two-phase region. Meanwhile, the static pressure on the blade surface is distorted under the influence of a high-speed region in the passages, resulting in the formation of a two-phase region at the tip clearance. The flow distortion of passages at the impeller inlet results in the appearance of two-phase regions on the both sides of leading edge of the blade. The dryness on the suction side of the blade leading edge and the leading edge of the tip clearance is lower, which indicated that the proportion of liquid-phase carbon dioxide is higher in these two-phase regions.

scholarly journals Determining the carbon footprint for a new earthen-based finish

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda G Aranda-Jimenez ◽  
Edgardo J Suarez-Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
A Value ◽  
Co2 Equivalent ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract In the present work the carbon footprint for a material developed in the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Urbanism of the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (UAT) constituted by argillaceous earth, aloe juice and fiber of ixtle with utility like the inner coating of walls in buildings was determined. The objective of this paper is the calculation of the contribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the plant, considering the stoichiometry of CO2 absorption accompanied by the determination at the laboratory level. It was found that the use of organic materials in mortar mixtures, when they are produced manually by the person who will use them, and that is common in cases of self-construction, can generate approximately −0.45 kg of CO2 equivalent for each kilogram of plant produced for the preparation of mixtures. In addition, the equivalent CO2 was calculated for the elaboration of a cubic meter of useful mixture as a wall covering obtaining a value below the equivalent 14 kg of CO2.

Using low carbon footprint high-pressure carbon dioxide in bioconversion of aspen branch waste for sustainable bioethanol production

2020 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 123675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingji Wu ◽  
Shengbo Ge ◽  
Changlei Xia ◽  
Liping Cai ◽  
Changtong Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Low Carbon

Introduction to this special section: AVO inversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 752-753
Author(s):  
Edward Townend ◽  
Michael Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Seismic Inversion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Amplitude Variation With Offset ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Avo Inversion ◽  
The Subject

It has been more than three years since The Leading Edge last published a special section on amplitude variation with offset (AVO) inversion, and interest in the subject remains strong. This past spring, SEG hosted a joint symposium in Houston, Texas, on the “Resurgence of seismic inversion,” and the body of talks and case studies demonstrated the method's continued relevance to making impactful drilling decisions. Despite this, and despite AVO inversion's position as a mature and well-established technique, there are an abundance of examples in which inaccurate AVO predictions have led to drastic failures at the drill bit. This highlights the challenges that still exist in the successful execution of such investigations and makes the subject occasionally controversial and certainly fraught with data-quality and best-practice considerations. In this vein, the special section presented here offers examples of the broad sweep of considerations and methods relevant to enabling successful AVO inversion and the interpretation of its products, as well as case studies that demonstrate how application of the technique can be impactful all the way through to appraisal and field development programs.

scholarly journals Location Optimization of Multidistribution Centers Based on Low-Carbon Constraints

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peixin Zhao ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Lulu Xu ◽  
Di Wan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Industrial Carbon ◽  
Location Optimization ◽  
Decision Making Factors

Location optimization of distribution centers is a systematic and important task in logistics operations. Recently, reducing carbon footprint is becoming one of the decision-making factors in selecting the locations for distribution centers. This paper analyzes the necessity of industrial carbon dioxide emission cost internalization in four aspects and builds a model for multidistribution centers location in effort of reducing carbon footprint that can provide optimized strategy support for decision makers and logistic operators. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the models.

scholarly journals Techno-economic assessment and Carbon footprint of processes for the large-scale production of Oxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers from Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Mantei ◽  
Ramy E. Ali ◽  
Cornelie Baensch ◽  
Simon Voelker ◽  
Philipp Haltenort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production

Poly(oxymethylene) dimethyl ethers (OME) show promising fuel properties enabling drop-in into the existing infrastructure, especially as an alternative or additive to diesel fuel leading to a significant reduction in local...

scholarly journals ESTIMATIONS OF CARBON FOOTPRINT FROM ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION DURING COVID-19 LOCKDOWN AND PRE-LOCKDOWN IN BUTUAN CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W6-2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
L. C. S. Asube ◽  
R. L. Sinadjan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. The electricity consumption for commercial, residential, and industrial sectors is considered the primary cause of increasing carbon dioxide emissions. To calculate the carbon footprint, the researcher used Carbon Footprint Ltd. This study aims to quantify the carbon footprint associated with the consumption of electricity by sectors (residential, commercial, industrial, public buildings, and streetlights) in Butuan City during the pre-lockdown period (January and February), and then compare these with the carbon footprint calculated during the lockdown period (March and April 2020). A GIS-based approach was applied to generate the spatial distribution across the 86 barangays of Butuan City. The study findings that the carbon footprint in the lockdown period is ∼ −17% lower than the mean carbon footprint calculated for the pre-lockdown period. In absolute values, the total estimated carbon footprint during the pre-lockdown and lockdown period was ∼ 10,947 mtCo2e and ∼ 9,138 mtCo2e, respectively. Furthermore, the findings imply that the central and northern areas have the highest impact of savings on average ∼ 130 mtCo2e of greenhouse gas avoided by barangays. This research provides quantitative insight to understand the measured generated in lockdown and pre-lockdown periods.

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