scholarly journals Barriers and enablers to collaboration in the mental health system in Sabah, Malaysia: towards a theory of collaboration

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Shoesmith ◽  
Awang Faisal Bin Awang Borhanuddin ◽  
Emmanuel Joseph Pereira ◽  
Norhayati Nordin ◽  
Beena Giridharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
System Development ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
Definition Of

Background The systems that help people with mental disorders in Malaysia include hospitals, primary care, traditional and religious systems, schools and colleges, employers, families and other community members. Aims To better understand collaboration between and within these systems and create a theoretical framework for system development. Method A total of 26 focus groups and 27 individual interviews were undertaken with patients, carers, psychiatric hospital staff, primary care and district hospital staff, religious and traditional healers, community leaders, non-governmental organisation workers, and school and college counsellors. Grounded theory methods were used to analyse the data and create a theory of collaboration. Results Three themes both defined and enabled collaboration: (a) collaborative behaviours; (b) motivation towards a common goal or value; and (c) autonomy. Three other enablers of collaboration were identified: (d) relatedness (for example trusting, understanding and caring about the other); (e) resources (competence, time, physical resources and opportunities); and (f) motivation for collaboration (weighing up the personal costs versus benefits of acting collaboratively). Conclusions The first three themes provided a definition of collaboration in this context: ‘two or more parties working together towards a common goal or value, while maintaining autonomy’. The main barriers to collaboration were lack of autonomy, relatedness, motivation and resources, together with the potential cost of acting collaboratively without reciprocation. Finding ways to change these structural, cultural and organisational features is likely to improve collaboration in this system and improve access to care and outcomes for patients.

scholarly journals What’s in a Word? Understanding “Interprofessional Collaboration” from the Students’ Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Broers ◽  
Cheryl Poth ◽  
Jennifer Medves
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Educational Initiatives ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Definition Of

This short research report examines the definition of “interprofessional collaboration” (IPC) held by students from medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, and physical therapy at a Canadian university. Four consistent themes emerged across all student groups: 1) Different professions working together; 2) As a team; 3) Toward a common goal; 4) Using the skills/expertise of other professions. This study also revealed differences among students from the various professions, including hierarchy, respect, and client-centeredness. The authors conclude that interprofessional educational initiatives need to provide opportunities for students to engage with students from other professions about what these differences are and why they occur, to ensure that future collaborations in the healthcare workplace are effective.

Building Research Teams

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Peach
Keyword(s):  
Common Goal ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Building Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Collective Activity ◽  
Research Administrators ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Century Science

This chapter discusses the process of building research teams. Increasingly over the past three-quarters of a century, science has become a collective activity, with teams of tens, hundreds or even thousands of scientists, engineers and technicians working together on a common goal. Consequently, almost all research involves building, motivating and maintaining a research team. Even a theoretical group is likely to have one or two postdocs, graduate students and visitors, but research teams will, in addition, have engineers and technicians, as well as, possibly, research administrators. The chapter also addresses the importance of creating and maintaining a good team and team spirit, as large projects are assembled from a large number of small teams working on common goals, usually in a loose federated structure with some overall coordination and leadership.

scholarly journals Patient-Centered Medical Home Knowledge and Attitudes of Residents and Faculty: Certification Is Just the First Step

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadya El Rayess ◽  
Roberta Goldman ◽  
Christopher Furey ◽  
Rabin Chandran ◽  
Arnold R. Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Situated Learning ◽  
Medical Home ◽  
Patient Centered Medical Home ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is an accepted framework for delivering high-quality primary care, prompting many residencies to transform their practices into PCMHs. Few studies have assessed the impact of these changes on residents' and faculty members' PCMH attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The family medicine program at Brown University achieved Level 3 PCMH accreditation in 2010, with training relying primarily on situated learning through immersion in PCMH practice, supplemented by didactics and a few focused clinical activities. Objective To assess PCMH knowledge and attitudes after Level 3 PCMH accreditation and to identify additional educational needs. Methods We used a qualitative approach, with semistructured, individual interviews with 12 of the program's 13 postgraduate year 3 residents and 17 of 19 core faculty. Questions assessed PCMH knowledge, attitudes, and preparedness for practicing, teaching, and leading within a PCMH. Interviews were analyzed using the immersion/crystallization method. Results Residents and faculty generally had positive attitudes toward PCMH. However, many expressed concerns that they lacked specific PCMH knowledge, and felt inadequately prepared to implement PCMH principles into their future practice or teaching. Some exceptions were faculty and resident leaders who were actively involved in the PCMH transformation. Barriers included lack of time and central roles in PCMH activities. Conclusions Practicing in a certified PCMH training program, with passive PCMH roles and supplemental didactics, appears inadequate in preparing residents and faculty for practice or teaching in a PCMH. Purposeful curricular design and evaluation, with faculty development, may be needed to prepare the future leaders of primary care.

scholarly journals Sustainability and Stakeholder Awareness: A Case Study of a Scottish University

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4186
Author(s):  
Abdulhakeem Raji ◽  
Abeer Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Theory ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University

This paper adopted a case study approach to investigate the sustainability practices of a Scottish university in order to understand if sustainability forms part of its central policy agenda. As such, the paper focuses on the levels of awareness and disclosure of their sustainable practices, measuring the impacts and effectiveness of those initiatives. This paper introduces signaling theory to explore the idea that appropriate communication via integrated thinking can close the gap between the organization and its stakeholders. We believe that the provision of this relevant information will lead to better communication between the organization and its stakeholders, supporting a signaling theory interpretation. Therefore, we are suggesting that integrated thinking is an internal process that organizations can follow to increase the level of disclosure as a communication tool with stakeholders. From the literature reviewed, four themes were identified (definition of university sustainability, sustainability awareness, disclosure framework within universities, and level of accountability). The research adopted a pragmatic view and conducted individual interviews with participants belonging to three stakeholder groups (members of the university’s senior management, the governing council, and the student union executive). Although this study focused on just one Scottish university, it should still provide some insight for the better understanding of the underpinning issues surrounding the sustainability accountability practices of Scottish universities in general. The research findings indicated that the university prioritized only two sustainability dimensions—economic and environmental—and that the university still perceived sustainability as a voluntary exercise. Additionally, it is evident that the university had no framework in place for measuring its sustainability delivery—and therefore had no established medium of communicating these activities to its stakeholders. Moreover, research findings showed that the social and educational context of sustainability was lacking at the university. The university has done little or nothing to educate its stakeholders on sustainability.

Primary Care: The Future for Pediatric Education

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-659
Author(s):  
Joel J. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Care Problems

There is a continuing crisis in primary care, characterized by inadequate numbers of appropriately trained primary care physicians and the failure to mount an effective and consistent graduate educational program for primary care. This paper reviews the history of the primary care crisis; revisits the definition of primary care; and, through identification of critical issues, presents a primary care educational agenda for the 1990s. Pediatrics is at a crossroads regarding primary care, as powerful social and economic forces are impacting on today's major pediatric care problems. Before the second World War there were more than 300 primary care physicians available for each 100 000 of our population. Today the ratio is 75 for 100 000. This is despite the fact that a shortage of 50 000 physicians 10 years ago no longer exists. The majority view is that a physician surplus of 70 000 will be present by the early 1990s.1 Whether there is a surplus is subject to interpretation and the surplus may end up as nonexistent. Moreover, the availability of primary care physicians varies with geographic location, and even a single figure for this nation provides a distorted picture. The shortage is especially serious in inner cities and in many rural areas. In addition, the use of overall numbers assumes that all primary care physicians are appropriately trained in the general disciplines. For the past century, physicians have cared for patients usually as family physicians. Today, however, the generalist has been replaced by the specialist. Is this a function of financial rewards and society's needs and values or the educational experience?

Optimalisasi Kemitraan Dukun dengan Bidan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mamba Kabupaten Manggarai Timur Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1459-1464
Author(s):  
Maria Sriana Banul ◽  
Silfia A.N. Halu ◽  
Yuliana Suryati ◽  
Maria Fridolin Kawu
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Traditional Birth Attendants ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Delivery Assistance ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Discussion Question ◽  
Partnership Program

ABSTRAK Kepercayaan masyarakat Manggarai Timur terhadap dukun sebagai penolong persalinan masih cukup tinggi. Program kemitraan dukun dengan bidan merupakan salah satu cara untuk mencegah terjadinya pertolongan persalinan oleh dukun. Program ini sebagai salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan cakupan pertolongan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan program kemitraan dukun dengan bidan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mamba Kabupaten Manggarai Timur, sehingga cakupan pertolongan persalinan oleh dukun tidak terjadi lagi. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh kepala puskesmas, dukun, dan bidan setempat. Motode yang digunakan adalah melalui edukasi dengan penyajian materi menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab serta pembagian leaflet dan lembar balik kepada peserta. Semua peserta yang ikut dalam kegiatan ini sangat antusias dan aktif dan mampu memahami materi yang disampaikan. Peserta bersama bidan dan pemerintah setempat berkomitmen untuk bekerja sama dalam meningkatkan program kemitraan dukun dan bidan ini. Diharapkan, dengan kegiatan ini cakupan pertolongan persalinan oleh dukun tidak terjadi lagi. Kata Kunci: Kemitraan, Dukun, Bidan, Persalinan  ABSTRACT The trust of the East Manggarai community towards traditional healers as birth attendants is still quite high. The shaman's partnership program with the midwife is one way to prevent birth assistance by shamans. This program is one of the strategies to increase the coverage of delivery assistance by health workers. This activity was carried out to improve the traditional healer's partnership program with midwives in the Mamba Health Center Work Area, East Manggarai Regency so that the coverage of delivery assistance by traditional birth attendants would no longer occur. This activity was attended by the head of the health center, traditional healers, local midwives, and pregnant women. The method used is through education by presenting the material using lecture, discussion, question and answer methods, and distributing leaflets and flipcharts to participants. All participants who took part in this activity were very enthusiastic and active and were able to understand the material presented. Participants together with midwives and the local government are committed to working together in improving this partnership program between traditional healers and midwives. It is hoped that with this activity the coverage of delivery assistance by traditional birth attendants will not occur again.  Keywords: Partnership, traditional healers, midwives, childbirth

scholarly journals Attractions to Fuel the Imagination: Reframing Understandings of the Role of Distraction Relative to Well-Being in the Pediatric Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McLaughlan ◽  
Ahmed Sadek ◽  
Julie Willis
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Patient Resistance ◽  
Outpatient Appointments

Objective: Ulrich’s (1991) definition of “positive distraction” includes that which “elicits positive feelings and holds attention,” implying that the capacity of an environmental feature to hold attention is a necessary component. This article examines whether, in the context of a pediatric hospital, a distraction needs to “hold attention” to secure positive benefits for patient well-being. Background: Data collected from 246 patients at Melbourne’s Royal Children’s Hospital (Australia) revealed a discrepancy between what children and young people told us they did, and valued, within the hospital, relative to the time they spent engaging in, or paying attention to, these same features. This motivated a closer interrogation of the relationship between well-being, distraction, and socialization within the pediatric context. Method: Data were collected using a mixed-methods approach that included 178 surveys, 43 drawings contributed by patients/siblings within the outpatient waiting room, 25 photo-elicitation interviews with patients, and 100 hr of spatial observations within public and waiting room spaces. This was supplemented by interviews with architects and hospital staff. Conclusions: The mechanism by which we have understood positive distraction to contribute to well-being within the pediatric hospital environment is more complex than existing models accept. Within this context, environmental features that can positively transform expectations of visiting the hospital—that can ignite the imagination and incite a desire to return—can offer significant benefits to well-being. This is particularly relevant in the context of absenteeism from outpatient appointments and in reducing patient resistance to future, or ongoing, treatments.

scholarly journals Vignette research on messy and confusing problems in primary mental healthcare

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. (Dineke) Smit ◽  
J. J. L. (Jan) Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Negative Feedback Loops ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
Working Together

The average primary care psychologist feels an ever-widening gap between objective, measurable reality as described and the complex and dynamic reality they experience. To obtain a better understanding of this complex dynamic reality, we conducted an exploratory mixed-method study of primary care psychologists. We asked our participants to write vignettes about messy and confusing problems in the complex context of mental healthcare. We then examined the data in portions, exposed the patterns in the data, and subsequently analysed all in conjunction. The 113 vignettes showed experiences of psychologists dealing not only with the patient, but also with the family of the patient and/or employers, working together with other healthcare professionals, struggling with dilemmas and having mixed feelings. However, using the Cynafin Framework, 36% of the vignettes were still rated as simple. Was it because those vignettes contained fewer words (p = .006)? Or because it is difficult to grasp complexity when cause and effect are intertwined with emotions, norms and values? In the discussion, we suggest examining a complex dynamic system in terms of both the consistency of its various elements and the dynamics of the system. We also discuss how to optimize the system’s adaptive self-organizing ability and how to challenge ourselves to invent negative feedback loops that can keep the complex system in equilibrium.

scholarly journals SARS-COV-2 INFECTION IN PRIMARY CARE: A SINGLE-CENTERED, RETROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Galicia ◽  
Juan Jose Gutierrez Cuevas ◽  
Fang Fang Chen Chen ◽  
Laura Santos Larregola ◽  
Alberto Manzanares Briega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Primary Care Center ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose: to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary care and to analyze the predictive role of different risk factors on prognosis, especially living conditions. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal observational retrospective study by reviewing medical records from a primary care center since March 1 to April 30, 2020. Case definition of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics, comorbidity and living conditions were collected. The statistical analysis consisted in description of the sample, comparison of prognosis groups and analysis of prognostic factors. Results. A sample of 70 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was obtained, with comorbidity mainly related to arterial hypertension, overweight/obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and chronic pulmonary pathology. Pneumonia was present in 66%. Exitus occurred in 14% of the sample. Factors associated with mortality were advanced age (84 vs 55; p<0.0001), arterial hypertension (78% vs 41%; p=0.040), asthma-COPD (56% vs 13%; p=0.008) and atrial fibrillation (56% vs 5%; p=0.001). Conclusions. The study reflects the clinical practice of a primary care center. This kind of studies are essential to strengthen and reorganize the Health System and to try to anticipate the medium- to long-term consequences of COVID-19 on global health.

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