Affective Disorder Arising in the Senium II. Physical Disability As an Aetiological Factor

1956 ◽  
Vol 102 (426) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Roth ◽  
D. W. K. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Cerebral Degeneration

In previous papers (Roth and Morrissey, 1952; Roth, 1955) evidence for the importance of affective psychosis in old age was presented. It was shown further that in some half of those admitted after the age of 60 no attacks had occurred before this age, and that no new aetiological factor such as cerebral degeneration was associated with these cases of late onset (Kay, Roth and Hopkins, 1955). The problem is to elucidate why it is that defences against illness effective throughout most of these patients' lives prove inadequate in old age. Now in the study just referred to, a tendency for physical illness to be commoner in patients having their first attack after 60 was noted. A more detailed analysis of the incidence of physical illness in the two groups has therefore been carried out in order to investigate its possible aetiological role in old age affective disorder.

Age, Age of Onset and Course of Primary Depressive Illness in the Elderly*

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Course Of Illness

Thirty-eight elderly patients with primary depressive illness (Feighner criteria) were followed up for 7–31 months. In the absence of persistent organic signs and severe physical illness, age of onset (first depressive episode after 60) but not age was significantly related to course of illness. Compared to early onset depressives, late onset depressives were more likely to remain completely well during the follow-up period and less likely to have frequent or disabling relapses.

scholarly journals Age-related late-onset disease heritability patterns and implications for genome-wide association studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Teo Oliynyk
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractBackgroundGenome-wide association studies and other computational biology techniques are gradually discovering the causal gene variants that contribute to late-onset human diseases. After more than a decade of genome-wide association study efforts, these can account for only a fraction of the heritability implied by familial studies, the so-called “missing heritability” problem.MethodsComputer simulations of polygenic late-onset diseases in an aging population have quantified the risk allele frequency decrease at older ages caused by individuals with higher polygenic risk scores becoming ill proportionately earlier. This effect is most prominent for diseases characterized by high cumulative incidence and high heritability, examples of which include Alzheimer’s disease, coronary artery disease, cerebral stroke, and type 2 diabetes.ResultsThe incidence rate for late-onset diseases grows exponentially for decades after early onset ages, guaranteeing that the cohorts used for genome-wide association studies overrepresent older individuals with lower polygenic risk scores, whose disease cases are disproportionately due to environmental causes such as old age itself. This mechanism explains the decline in clinical predictive power with age and the lower discovery power of familial studies of heritability and genome-wide association studies. It also explains the relatively constant-with-age heritability found for late-onset diseases of lower prevalence, exemplified by cancers.ConclusionsFor late-onset polygenic diseases showing high cumulative incidence together with high initial heritability, rather than using relatively old age-matched cohorts, study cohorts combining the youngest possible cases with the oldest possible controls may significantly improve the discovery power of genome-wide association studies.

scholarly journals Physical illness associated with depression in the elderly in community based and hospital patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
Stephen Dover ◽  
Christopher McWilliam
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Senior Registrar ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Old Age Psychiatry ◽  
Registrar Training

The co-existence of physical and psychiatric illness in so much of the elderly population poses diagnostic and therapeutic problems for psychiatrists, geriatricians and general practitioners alike, with the presence of physical illness strongly influencing and sometimes limiting the options for treatment of the psychiatric illness. Recognition of this has resulted in the Section of Old Age Psychiatry of the Royal College of Psychiatrists recommending that senior registrar training in old age psychiatry should include a one month attachment to an approved geriatric medicine unit.

Treatment of psychoses in the elderly

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
A. Phanjoo
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Late Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Psychoses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Paranoid Psychosis

Psychotic disorders in the elderly can be divided into three types: disorders that have started in earlier life and persist into old age; disorders that start de novo after the age of 60, and psychoses associated with brain disease, including the dementias. The classification of psychoses in late life has provoked controversy for nearly a century. The debate concerns whether schizophrenia can present at any stage of life or whether functional psychoses, arising for the first time in late life, represent different illnesses. The nomenclature of such disorders consists of numerous terms including late onset schizophrenia, late paraphrenia, paranoid psychosis of late life and schizophreniform psychosis. This plethora of terms has made research difficult to interpret.

The Expression of Schizophrenia, Affective Disorder and Vulnerability to Tardive Dyskinesia in an Extensive Pedigree

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Waddington ◽  
Hanafy A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
History Of

The demography, psychiatric morbidity, and motor consequences of long-term neuroleptic treatment in the 14 children born to a father with a family history of chronic psychiatric illness and a mother with a late-onset affective disorder resulting in suicide are documented. Twelve siblings lived to adulthood, nine of whom were admitted to a psychiatric hospital in their second or third decade, and required continuous in-patient care; five remaining in hospital, with long-term exposure to neuroleptics, had chroniC., deteriorating, schizophrenic illness and emergence of movement disorder. Two siblings showed no evidence of psychosis but developed a late-onset affective disorder. The implications for the issues of homotypia, vulnerability to involuntary movements, and interaction with affective disorder are discussed.

Depression in old age

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius LE Katona ◽  
Kuttalingam K Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Depression in old age is common, disabling and under-treated. This review will examine recent advances in our understanding of its clinical presentation, epidemiology, management and prognosis. The relationship of depression in old age with dementia and with physical illness is also discussed, as are the links between suicide, deliberate self-harm and depression in old age.

Bipolar Affective Disorder in Old Age

1980 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Shulman ◽  
Felix Post
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Recurrent Nature

SummaryIn a retrospective study of 67 elderly bipolar patients the first manic attack occurred at about age 60, often after a long period from the time of the first affective episode, after which further depressive episodes occurred. This calls into question Perris’ criteria for unipolar diagnosis. Among the men, a preponderance of cerebral-organic disorders was found. The evidence for sub-classification of bipolar disorders into secondary or symptomatic manias is discussed. The recurrent nature of the illness in old age stresses the need for further evaluation of lithium prophylaxis.

Predicament of Disability, Old Age, and Extreme

2022 ◽  
pp. 254-278
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Sensory Impairment

The study of poverty explores the experiences of elderly people and people living with disabilities pertaining to the five broad categories of disability, namely physical disability, blindness, deafness, and mental illness, including perceived barriers and remedies. Disability whether physical infirmity, disease, or sensory impairment or perhaps later in life, by the onset of illness or frailty due to aging, is conceptualized as a restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a ‘normal' or expected manner. By focusing on the African extended family's context and the living conditions among people with and without disabilities, this discussion informs policy everywhere to combat poverty and social exclusion and discrimination, take lifecycle approach to individual needs, eliminate poverty among the elderly and in people living with disabilities, and ensure access to social protections and community participation.

Pre-morbid Adjustment and Personality in Psychosis

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Foerster ◽  
Shôn Lewis ◽  
Michael Owen ◽  
Robin Murray
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
First Admission

Pre-morbid schizoid and schizotypal traits and social adjustment were assessed blind to diagnosis by interviewing the mothers of 73 consecutively admitted patients with DSM–III schizophrenia or affective psychosis. Analysis of factors associated with pre-morbid deficits showed a highly significant interaction of diagnosis with sex, such that schizophrenic men showed much greater pre-morbid impairment than either schizophrenic women or men with affective disorder. Poor pre-morbid adjustment predicted an early age at first admission. The results can be explained by a neurodevelopmental disorder in some schizophrenic males.

Depression in old age

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius LE Katona ◽  
Kuttalingam K Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Depression in old age is common, disabling and undertreated. This review will examine recent advances in our understanding of its clinical presentation, epidemiology, management and prognosis. The relationship of depression in old age with dementia and with physical illness is also discussed, as are the links between suicides, deliberate self-harm and depression in old age.

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