A Controlled Study of Education About Drug Treatment in Schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Macpherson ◽  
Bill Jerrom ◽  
Anthony Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Standard Education ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BackgroundVarious problems are associated with schizophrenia which may theoretically lead to impaired educability about treatment.MethodThe Understanding of Medication Questionnaire, designed to measure knowledge about treatment in schizophrenia, is described and presented. An educational programme based on a specially designed information booklet was developed. Sixty-four patients with DSM–III–R diagnosis schizophrenia were randomly allocated to groups receiving none (control), one session or three sessions of education.ResultsPre-intervention low levels of knowledge about illness and treatment increased significantly immediately after a standard education session. Three education sessions led to significantly greater knowledge gain than one session. There was no significant change in the control group. Only the PANSS negative syndrome score independently and consistently explained a significant proportion of the education effect. The influence on educability of attitudes to education, impaired insight, cognitive impairment and other variables were considered. Three sessions of education led to significantly increased insight, but no change in compliance.ConclusionsTechniques appropriate for educating schizophrenic patients were discussed, and the value of involving patients in education emphasised. A series of patient education sessions is needed to consolidate learning, rather than a single informing process. The strong association between impaired learning and more severe negative schizophrenic syndrome emphasises the need for responsible prescribing of antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Serum Cortisol and DHEA-S Levels in Schizophrenic Patients with Different Response to Antipsychotic Therapy: Association with Psychopathology / Серумски Концентрации На Кортизол И DHEA-S Кал Пациенти Со Шизофренша Со Различен Одговор На Антипсихотичната Терапша Асоци.1Аци.1А Со Психопатологшата

PRILOZI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoja Babinkostova ◽  
Branislav Stefanovski ◽  
Danijela Janicevic-Ivanovska ◽  
Valentina Samardziska ◽  
Lila Stojanovska
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background: Previous studies suggested that alterations in serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Imbalance in serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels may be related to responsivity to antipsychotic treatment. Aim: To compare serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and to evaluate their association with psychopathology in schizophrenic patients with different response to antipsychotic treatment. Material and Methods: This clinical prospective study included 60 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy age and sex matched controls. All patients experienced an acute exacerbation of the illness (PANSS: P1 and P3 ≥ 4). Clinical evaluation of patients was performed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale. A questionnaire for socio-demographic and clinical data collection was used. For the purposes of the study, the examined group was divided in two subgroups: responders and nonresponders. Serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels were measuredat baseline in all participants and after 3 and 6 weeks of the antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Results: Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels comparedwith control group. Responders had significantly higher serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels compared with nonresponders. Responders group had significant correlation between serum cortisol and PANSS positive scale score as well as between hostility and serum DHEA-S. Conclusion: Elevated serum cortisol and DHEA-S levels may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Serum cortisol and DHEA-S are associated with psychopathology in schizophrenic patients with different response to antipsychotic therapy.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of once-monthly Risperidone ISM® in schizophrenic patients with an acute exacerbation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph U. Correll ◽  
Robert E. Litman ◽  
Yuriy Filts ◽  
Jordi Llaudó ◽  
Dieter Naber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Efficacy Outcome ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

AbstractTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Risperidone ISM® against placebo in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted between June 2017 and December 2018 (NCT03160521). Eligible patients received once-monthly intramuscular injections of Risperidone ISM® (75 or 100 mg) or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome was change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score from baseline to week 12. The key secondary efficacy outcome was change from baseline in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S) score. Altogether, 438 patients were randomized (1:1:1) and 390 included in the modified ITT efficacy set. The PANSS total score (mean difference, 95% CI) improved significantly from baseline to day 85 with Risperidone ISM® 75 and 100 mg, with placebo-adjusted differences of −13.0 (95% CI, −17.3 to −8.8); (p < 0.0001), and −13.3 (−17.6 to −8.9); (p < 0.0001), respectively. Significantly improved mean changes were also obtained for CGI-S score from baseline to day 85 for both doses of Risperidone ISM® compared with placebo −0.7 (−1.0 to −0.5); p < 0.0001, for both doses. The statistically significant improvement for both efficacy outcomes were observed as early as 8 days after first injection. The most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events were increased blood prolactin (7.8%), headache (7.3%), hyperprolactinemia (5%), and weight increase (4.8%). Neither new nor unexpected relevant safety information was recorded. Risperidone ISM® provided rapid and progressive reduction of symptoms in patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia without need of oral risperidone supplementation or loading doses. Both doses were safe and well tolerated.

Cognitive Group Therapy for Paranoid Schizophrenics: Applying Cognitive Dissonance

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Levine ◽  
Yoram Barak ◽  
Ilana Granek
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Supportive Group ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Psychotherapy with paranoid schizophrenics is a hard and often unrewarding task. Individual and group therapies are usually supportive only and are not aimed at changing the paranoid mode of thinking. Although cognitive therapy has been applied in schizophrenic patients, it has not gained wide acceptance. Cognitive dissonance postulates that individuals experience discomfort and tension when holding two dissonant beliefs simultaneously. We here present the group therapy of six schizophrenic paranoids treated by modified cognitive group therapy implementing cognitive dissonance as the vector of change. A control group of six age- and sex-matched paranoid schizophrenics was treated by supportive group therapy. Analysis of the results, using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), during therapy and at follow-up of 4 weeks demonstrates statistically significant improvement in total PANSS score as well as in the positive symptoms subscale.

Effect of Augmentatory Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: Randomized Controlled Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Bagati ◽  
Shamshul Haque Nizamie ◽  
Ravi Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Objective: Auditory hallucinations are a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia and are usually resistant to treatment. The present study was conducted to further support the findings that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces auditory hallucinations, and to evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Methods: Forty schizophrenia patients were included in the study. Patients were randomized to control or experimental group. Low-frequency rTMS (1 Hz, 90% motor threshold) was applied to the left temporoparietal cortex of patients in the experimental group for 10 days following the standard guidelines as an addition to antipsychotic treatment. The control group received only antipsychotics. The changes in the psychopathology scores for the auditory hallucinations were recorded using auditory hallucination recording scale. The rater was blind to the intervention procedure. Results: A significant improvement was found in auditory hallucinations in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Left temporoparietal rTMS warrants further study as an intervention for auditory hallucinations. Data suggest that this intervention selectively alters neurobiological factors determining frequency of these hallucinations.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Illness Management Program on Positive/Negative Symptoms, and Insight of Schizophrenic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rangrazian ◽  
◽  
Azar Kiamarsi ◽  
Reza Kazemi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Illness Management ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder with positive and negative symptoms, and insight is involved in its prognosis. Illness management is considered a skill and strategy for patients with some mental disorders. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the illness management effectiveness on the positive and negative symptoms and insight in schizophrenic patients. Materials & Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental, controlled study with a pre-test-posttest design. The study population included all schizophrenic patients admitted to the Shafa Hospital, Guilan Province in the North of Iran, from March 2019 to April 2020. The sample included 30 schizophrenic patients selected using the convenience sampling method and was divided into 2 groups (experimental and control groups), with 15 patients in each group. For data collection, the scale for the assessment of negative symptoms, the scale for the assessment of positive symptoms, and the scale to assess unawareness of mental disorders were used before and after the intervention. Illness management was performed on the experimental group as group therapy. The control group did not undergo any concomitant intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software version 24 using the univariate analysis of variance in normal distribution and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test for the variable which didnchr('39')t follow the normal distribution.. Results: Results indicated that illness management could effectively alleviate the positive and negative symptoms and improve the insight in schizophrenic patients (P<0.01). Conclusion: Illness management was influential on the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Thus, this therapeutic modality can be used as an effective technique in hospitalized schizophrenic patients.

scholarly journals Effects of One-day e-learning Education on Perinatal Psychological Support Among Midwives: a Randomised Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Shinohara ◽  
Yukiko Ohashi ◽  
Ayako Hada ◽  
Yuriko Usui
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Perinatal Mental Health ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Empathic Communication ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background: Although midwives are expected to play a key role for psychological support throughout perinatal periods, their educational chances are limited. Versatile teaching strategies such as e-learning may be promising in expanding education. The objective of our study was to clarify the effects of an e-learning educational programme on midwives’ empathic communication skills.Methods: From April 2019 to September 2019, a randomised controlled trial of a one-day e-learning educational programme on perinatal psychological issues (both perinatal mental health assessment and empathic communication) was conducted to improve empathic communication skills of midwives. Two types of measurements (paper-and-pencil multiple-choice test and video-viewing tests of simulated patient) were used to measure the competency of empathic communication skills.Results: Participants (N = 115) were randomly allocated to two groups (Intervention: n = 58, Control: n = 57). The intervention group was at a significantly higher level for both post-tests of empathic communication skills compared with the control group. Both intervention and control groups showed improvements in acquiring knowledge about perinatal mental health assessments.Conclusions: The results of our study show that a one-day e-learning programme helped improve the midwives' empathic communications skills. Therefore, an effective one-day e-learning educational programme of perinatal mental health will expand opportunity to learn about empathic communication skills for midwives.Trial registrations: UMIN000036052

scholarly journals Educational intervention to improve adherence to the Mediterranean diet among parents and their children aged 1–2 years. EniM clinical trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1131-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Roset-Salla ◽  
Joana Ramon-Cabot ◽  
Jordi Salabarnada-Torras ◽  
Guillem Pera ◽  
Albert Dalmau
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Day Care Centres ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational programme on healthy alimentation, carried out in day-care centres and aimed at the parents of children from 1 to 2 years of age, regarding the acquisition of healthy eating habits among themselves and their children.DesignWe performed a multicentre, multidisciplinary, randomized controlled study in a community setting.SettingThe EniM study (nutritional intervention study among children from Mataró) was performed in twelve day-care centres in Mataró (Spain). Centres were randomized into a control group (CG) and an intervention group (IG). IG received four or five educational workshops on diet, CG did not have workshops.SubjectsChildren, not exclusively breast-fed, from 1 to 2 years of age, in the participating day-care centres and the persons responsible for their alimentation (mother or father).ResultsThirty-five per cent of the IG did not attend the minimum of three workshops and were excluded. The CG included seventy-four children and seventy-two parents and the IG seventy-five children and sixty-seven parents. Both groups were comparable at baseline. Basal adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 56·4 % in parents (Gerber index) and 7·7 points in children (Kidmed test). At 8 months, Mediterranean diet adherence had improved in the IG by 5·8 points in the Gerber index (P=0·01) and 0·6 points in the Kidmed test (P=0·02) compared with the CG.ConclusionsThis educational intervention performed in parents at the key period of incorporation of a 1–2-year-old child to the family table showed significant increases in adherence of the parents to the Mediterranean diet, suggesting future improvement in different indicators of health and an expected influence on the diet of their children.

Lithium Maintenance: 1. A Standard Education Programme for Patients

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Peet ◽  
Norman S. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Knowledge ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Community Psychiatric ◽  
Standard Education

A videotape lecture and written hand-out containing factual information about lithium were given to 30 attenders at a lithium clinic. A further 30 patients acted as a control group and were not given the programme until later in the study. The educational programme resulted in substantial and significant increases in patient knowledge about lithium, such that knowledge increased from a baseline comparable with that of social workers to a level similar to that of community psychiatric nurses. Patients' attitudes to lithium also became more favourable after education.

Comparing Schizophrenia Patients With a Predicted High/Low Risk of Nonresponse Receiving Treatment with Ziprasidone and Haloperidol: A Randomized-Controlled Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Rebecca Schennach ◽  
Michael Riedel ◽  
Ilja Spellmann ◽  
Richard Musil ◽  
Michael Obermeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Abstract Introduction The aim of this double-blind randomized study was to evaluate the response to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia patients with predicted high/low risk of nonresponse identified by applying a set of well-established scales and predictors of outcome and to compare efficacy between ziprasidone and haloperidol. Methods One hundred twelve schizophrenia patients (ziprasidone: n=54; haloperidol: n=58) were rated weekly on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFAS), the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS), and Hillside Akathisia Scale (HAS). Results Ninety-two patients (82%) were predicted to have a high risk of nonresponse. No significant difference regarding PANSS improvement in this subsample was found comparing ziprasidone and haloperidol (p=0.563). Also, for the total patient sample, no significant difference was found regarding the course of the PANSS total score, GAF (p=0.921), and SOFAS (p=0.658) between ziprasidone and haloperidol. Haloperidol resulted in higher scores on the SAS (p=0.001) and HAS (p=0.011). Discussion An alarmingly high number of patients were at high risk of nonresponse to antipsychotic treatment.

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