Total mortality in people admitted to a psychiatric hospital

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidje Hansen ◽  
Egil Arnesen ◽  
Bjarne K. Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Population Ratio

BackgroundThe aim was to document the mortality of psychiatric patients within a service system characterised by a low beds-to-population ratio.MethodAll patients admitted to one psychiatric hospital were followed from date of first admission after 31 July 1980 until 31 December 1992 with regard to death, by linkage to the Norwegian Central Register of Persons. Age-adjusted total mortality rates and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) compared with the general population were computed.ResultsMortality rates were highest in men, and increased with age in both sexes. SMRs were highest in the younger age-groups, and the overall SMR was significantly higher for men than for women. Mortality was highest during the first year after admission for both sexes and was higher than in the general population in all diagnostic groups.ConclusionsThe mortality of psychiatric patients is still unsatisfactorily high, and men constitute a special high-risk group.

Improving the physical health of long-stay psychiatric in-patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cormac ◽  
David Martin ◽  
Michael Ferriter
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Physical Health Care

Research evidence has shown that morbidity and mortality rates are higher in psychiatric patients than in the general population. This article describes factors that affect the physical health of psychiatric patients living in institutions and the steps that can be taken to review, monitor and improve their physical health. The physical health care of long-stay patients should reach the same standards as those expected in the general population.

Mortality Among Patients with Psychiatric Illness a Ten-Year Case Register Study in an Area with a Community-based System of Care

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Amaddeo ◽  
Giulia Bisoffi ◽  
Paola Bonizzato ◽  
Rocco Micciolo ◽  
Michele Tansella
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
System Of Care ◽  
Register Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Pattern Of Care ◽  
Case Register ◽  
Specialist Services

BackgroundMost studies which showed an excess mortality in psychiatric patients have been conducted on hospitalised samples.MethodThis was a case register study. All South Verona patients with an ICD diagnosis who had psychiatric contacts with specialist services in 1982–1991 were included. Mortality was studied in relation to sex, age, diagnosis, pattern of care and interval from registration. Standardised Mortality Rates (SMRs) and Poisson regression analysis were calculated.ResultsThe overall SMR was 1.63 (95% CI = 1.5–1.8), which is the lowest value reported so far. Mortality was higher among men (SMR = 2.24; 95% CI = 1.9–2.6), among patients who were admitted to hospital (SMR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.9–2.6), among younger age groups (SMR = 8.82; 95% CI = 4.9–14.6) and in the first year after registration (SMR = 2.32; 95% CI = 1.8–2.9). Higher mortality was found in patients with a diagnosis of alcohol and drug dependence (SMR = 3.87; 95% CI = 3.0–4.9). The SMR for suicide was 17.41. Using a Poisson regression model, diagnosis, pattern of care and interval from registration were all found to be significantly associated with mortality. When all these variables were entered together in the model, each maintained its predictive role.ConclusionsThe overall mortality of psychiatric patients treated in a community-based system of care was higher than expected, but lower than the mortality reported in other psychiatric settings. The highest mortality risk was found in the first year after registration.

scholarly journals Cause-specific mortality in psychiatric patients after deinstitutionalisation

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidje Hansen ◽  
Bjarne K. Jacobsen ◽  
Egil Arnesen
Keyword(s):  
Service System ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
First Year ◽  
Case Register ◽  
Unnatural Death ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Standardised Mortality Ratios

BackgroundSince the late 1970s, the psychiatric service system in Norway has been changed gradually according to the principles of deinstitutionalisation.AimsTo document the mortality of psychiatric patients in a deinstitutionalised service system.MethodsThe case register of a psychiatric hospital covering the period 1980–1992 was linked to the Central Register of Deaths. Age-adjusted death rates and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed.ResultsPatients with organic psychiatric disorders had significantly higher mortality regardless of cause of death. SMRs ranged from 0.9 for death by cancer in women to 36.3 for suicide in men. For unnatural death, SMRs were highest in the first year after discharge. Compared to the periods 1950–1962 and 1963–1974, there has been an increase in SMRs for cardiovascular death and suicide in both genders.ConclusionsDeinstitutionalisation seems to have had as its cost a relative rise both in cardiovascular death and unnatural deaths for both genders, but most pronounced in men.

scholarly journals SAT0252 INCREASED MORTALITY FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH GIANT CELL ARTERITIS: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1069.1-1069
Author(s):  
L. Barra ◽  
J. Pope ◽  
P. Pequeno ◽  
J. Gatley ◽  
J. Widdifield
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Giant Cell Arteritis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Over Time

Background:Individuals with giant cell arteritis (GCA) are at increased risk of serious morbidity including cardiovascular disease and stroke. Yet the risk of mortality among individuals with GCA have produced conflicting reports1.Objectives:Our aim was to evaluate excess all-cause mortality among individuals with GCA relative to the general population over time.Methods:We performed a population-based study in Ontario, Canada, using health administrative data among all individuals 50 years and older. Individuals with GCA were identified using a validated case definition (81% PPV, 100% specificity). All Ontario residents aged 50 and above who do not have GCA served as the General Population comparators. Deaths occurring in each cohort each year were ascertained from vital statistics. Annual crude and age/sex standardized all-cause mortality rates were determined for individuals with and without GCA between 2000 and 2018. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to measure relative excess mortality over time. Differences in mortality between sexes and ages were also evaluated.Results:Population denominators among individuals 50 years and older with GCA and the General Population increased over time with 12,792 GCA patients and 5,456,966 comparators by 2018. Annual standardized mortality rates among the comparators steadily declined over time and were significantly lower than GCA morality rates (Figure). Annual GCA mortality rates fluctuated between 42-61 deaths per 1000 population (with overlapping confidence intervals) during the same time period. SMRs for GCA ranged from 1.28 (95% CI 1.08,1.47) at the lowest in 2002 to 1.96 (95% CI 1.84, 2.07) at the highest in 2018. GCA mortality rates and SMRs were highest among males and younger age groups.Conclusion:Over a 19-year period, mortality has remained increased among GCA patients relative to the general population. GCA mortality rates were higher among males and more premature deaths were occurring at younger age groups. In our study, improvements to the relative excess mortality for GCA patients over time (mortality gap) did not occur. Understanding cause-specific mortality and other factors are necessary to inform contributors to premature mortality among GCA patients.References:[1]Hill CL, et al. Risk of mortality in patients with giant cell arteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2017;46(4):513-9.Figure.Acknowledgments: :This study was supported by a CIORA grantDisclosure of Interests:Lillian Barra: None declared, Janet Pope Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Company, Merck, Roche, Seattle Genetics, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eicos Sciences, Eli Lilly & Company, Emerald, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: UCB, Priscila Pequeno: None declared, Jodi Gatley: None declared, Jessica Widdifield: None declared

scholarly journals An expanding HIV epidemic among older adults in Ukraine: Implications for patient-centered care

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256627
Author(s):  
Julia Rozanova ◽  
Oleksandr Zeziulin ◽  
Katherine M. Rich ◽  
Frederick L. Altice ◽  
Tetiana Kiriazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Introduction The Eastern Europe and Central Asian (EECA) region has the highest increase in HIV incidence and mortality globally, with suboptimal HIV treatment and prevention. All EECA countries (except Russia) are low and middle-income (LMIC). While LMIC are home to 80% of all older people living with HIV (OPWH), defined as ≥50 years, extant literature observed that newly diagnosed OPWH represent the lowest proportion in EECA relative to all other global regions. We examined HIV diagnoses in OPWH in Ukraine, a country emblematic of the EECA region. Methods We analysed incident HIV diagnoses from 2015–2018 and mortality trends from 2016–2018 for three age groups: 1) 15–24 years; 2) 25–49 years; and 3) ≥50 years. AIDS was defined as CD4<200cells/mL. Mortality was defined as deaths per 1000 patients newly diagnosed with HIV within the same calendar year. Mortality rates were calculated for 2016, 2017, and 2018, compared to age-matched general population rates, and all-cause standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated. Results From 2015–2018, the proportion of OPWH annually diagnosed with HIV increased from 11.2% to 14.9% (p<0.01). At the time of diagnosis, OPWH were also significantly (p<0.01) more likely to have AIDS (43.8%) than those aged 25–49 years (29.5%) and 15–24 years (13.3%). Newly diagnosed OPWH had the same-year mortality ranging from 3 to 8 times higher than age-matched groups in the Ukrainian general population. Conclusions These findings suggest a reassessment of HIV testing, prevention and treatment strategies in Ukraine is needed to bring OPWH into focus. OPWH are more likely to present with late-stage HIV and have higher mortality rates. Re-designing testing practices is especially crucial since OPWH are absent from targeted testing programs and are increasingly diagnosed as they present with AIDS-defining symptoms. New strategies for linkage and treatment programs should reflect the distinct needs of this target population.

scholarly journals A long-term follow-up study of mortality in transsexuals receiving treatment with cross-sex hormones

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Asscheman ◽  
Erik J Giltay ◽  
Jos A J Megens ◽  
W (Pim) de Ronde ◽  
Michael A A van Trotsenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Mortality Data

ObjectiveAdverse effects of long-term cross-sex hormone administration to transsexuals are not well documented. We assessed mortality rates in transsexual subjects receiving long-term cross-sex hormones.DesignA cohort study with a median follow-up of 18.5 years at a university gender clinic.MethodsMortality data and the standardized mortality rate were compared with the general population in 966 male-to-female (MtF) and 365 female-to-male (FtM) transsexuals, who started cross-sex hormones before July 1, 1997. Follow-up was at least 1 year. MtF transsexuals received treatment with different high-dose estrogen regimens and cyproterone acetate 100 mg/day. FtM transsexuals received parenteral/oral testosterone esters or testosterone gel. After surgical sex reassignment, hormonal treatment was continued with lower doses.ResultsIn the MtF group, total mortality was 51% higher than in the general population, mainly from increased mortality rates due to suicide, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cardiovascular disease, drug abuse, and unknown cause. No increase was observed in total cancer mortality, but lung and hematological cancer mortality rates were elevated. Current, but not past ethinyl estradiol use was associated with an independent threefold increased risk of cardiovascular death. In FtM transsexuals, total mortality and cause-specific mortality were not significantly different from those of the general population.ConclusionsThe increased mortality in hormone-treated MtF transsexuals was mainly due to non-hormone-related causes, but ethinyl estradiol may increase the risk of cardiovascular death.In the FtM transsexuals, use of testosterone in doses used for hypogonadal men seemed safe.

The Incidence of Cancer Among In-Patients with Affective Disorders

1974 ◽  
Vol 124 (583) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. R. Evans ◽  
J. A. Baldwin ◽  
Dennis Gath
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Population ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Physical Disease ◽  
Incidence Of Cancer

Mortality rates in psychiatric patients have been reported as higher than those of the general population in Scandinavia (Odegaard, 1952), the United States (Gorwitz et al., 1966; Babigian and Odoroff, 1968), and Scotland (Innes and Millar, 1970). These findings may be related both to a greater prevalence of physical disease amongst psychiatric patients (Kay and Roth, 1955; Culpan et al., 1960; Shepherd et al., 1964; Kay and Bergman, 1966; Eastwood and Trevelyan, 1972) and to a greater frequency of suicide (Stenstedt, 1952; Stenstedt, 1959; Pokorny, 1964).

A Study of Criminal Behaviour in Discharged Male Psychiatric Patients

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. G. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Conviction Rate

A retrospective study was carried out on 78 men without previous convictions, who had had at least one admission to a psychiatric hospital of not less than 3 months before the age of 30. The subsequent conviction rate of these men was determined and found to be comparable to that of men of the same age in the general population. The significance of these findings is discussed.

scholarly journals Reasons for mortality in elderly and senile patients with hip osteoporotic fractures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Averkieva ◽  
T. A. Raskina ◽  
I. I. Grigorieva ◽  
M. V. Letaeva ◽  
O. S. Malyshenko
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
First Year ◽  
Injury Death ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Aim. To identify the causes of mortality in elderly and senile patients with non-traumatic hip fracture during the first year after fracture.Materials and Methods. The reasons for death were analyzed in the cohort consisted of 432 patients with a non-traumatic hip fracture: 328 women aged from 70 to 82 years (mean age 75.4) and 104 men aged from 60 to 80 years (mean age 71.5).Results. It was revealed that in first 6 months after the injury, death occurred in 22.00 % of cases (95 from 432 patients died). After 12 months period, mortality increased to 137 cases (total mortality accounted for 31.80 %). Most of the deaths were due to cardiovascular system diseases. Cardiovascular causes were in 93 cases (21.00 %), without any gender difference: 22 in men (21.10 %) and 71 in women 21.60 %). The ratio of cardiovascular diseases in the total number of fatal outcomes was 93 (67.80 %), comparable for men and women subgroups (66.00 and 68.30 % respectively; p = 0.65). Diseases of respiratory system as a reason for death accounted for 16.80 % in the structure of total mortality: 15.10 % in men subgroup and 17.30 % in women (p = 0.31). Mortality from tumors was defined in 10.90 % from all cases of death: in men 9.09 % cases and in women 11.50 % cases (p = 0.45). The ratio of digestive system disorders as the cause of death accounted for 3.60 %: 6.06 % in men and 2.90 % in women respectively (p = 0.1).Conclusions. Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were the most common causes of first-year mortality in elderly and senile patients with non-traumatic hip fracture. The gender differences in mortality rates were not found.

Less known aspects of Penaeus kerathurus (Forskål, 1775) (Decapoda, Penaeidae) obtained from the fishermen in the Sea of Marmara: age, growth, and mortality rates

Crustaceana ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1185-1195
Author(s):  
M. Arslan İhsanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Important Species

Abstract Penaeus kerathurus is an important species for the fishery, thanks to its high nutritional and economic value. Therefore, this study attempts to determine the length distribution, length-weight relationship, age composition, growth parameters, and mortality rates of a population of P. kerathurus. The material was monthly collected from commercial fishermen in and around Karabiga and the Gulf of Erdek in the Sea of Marmara, between May 2018 and April 2019. The carapace length-weight relationships were calculated as W = 0.0023 × CL2.57, W = 0.0036 × CL2.46, and W = 0.0026 × CL2.56 for the females, males and both sexes combined, respectively. The population studied was distinguished into four age groups, and the tmax (= maximum theoretical age) was found to be reached at 11.9 year. The growth parameters were observed to be  = 60.9 mm; K = 0.24 year−1, and t0 = −0.58 year. The rates of total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fisheries mortality (F), and exploitation (E) were calculated to be 1.32, 0.43, 0.89, and 0.67, respectively. The results showed that P. kerathurus suffers from a heavy fishing pressure in the sampled area.

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