One-year, low-dose neuroleptic study of in-patients with chronic schizophrenia characterised by persistent negative symptoms

1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy C. Speller ◽  
Thomas R. E. Barnes ◽  
David A. Curson ◽  
Christos Pantelis ◽  
J. L. Alberts
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Anticholinergic Medication ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Substituted Benzamide ◽  
One Year ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Persistent Negative Symptoms

BackgroundAmisulpride is a potent substituted benzamide antipsychotic drug claimed to improve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, particularly at low dosage.MethodSixty long-term in-patients with schizophrenia and selected for predominant negative symptoms were randomised to receive either haloperidol or amisulpride. Over a year there was systematic dose reduction, as symptoms allowed.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the treatment groups in the proportion receiving low-dose treatment, the control of positive symptoms, or ratings of social behaviour, side-effects or tardive dyskinesia. For negative symptoms, there were consistent but non-significant trends in favour of amisulpride. The amisulpride patients required significantly less anticholinergic medication.ConclusionsIn chronically-hospitalised in-patients with schizophrenia characterised by persistent negative symptoms, amisulpride was a well-tolerated maintenance antipsychotic medication. The drug had only a limited effect in reducing negative symptoms, which were relatively stable, enduring phenomena in this sample, despite dosage reduction.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2a) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan B. Ravanic ◽  
Slavica M. Djukic Dejanovic ◽  
Vladimir Janjic ◽  
Suzana D. Jovic ◽  
Dragan R. Milovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
First Onset ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of clozapine in flexible regime in comparison with haloperidol and chlorpromazine in long term. METHOD: The naturalistic study was prospective, active-controlled with 325 adult outpatients of both genders (140 females), with mean year age of 34.8 (range 21-57), suffering from chronic schizophrenia. The first onset of illness was at the mean of 27.9 years (range 17-38), and subjects had the mean year age of 4.1±0.5 previous relapses. The patients were allocated to receive haloperidol (105 subjects, dose range 2-15 mg), chlorpromazine (n=105, 100-400 mg) or clozapine (n=115, 75-600 mg). The scores of psychometric instruments (GWB, PANSS, CGI) were regularly assessed during 5 year period. RESULTS: The sixty-six responders were included in per-protocol analysis: 12, 10 and 16 with positive and 7, 6 and 15 with negative schizophrenic syndrome in haloperidol, chlorpromazine and clozapine group, respectively. The statistically significant differences in all psychometric scores was found, for both schizophrenic syndromes, favoring clozapine. The distribution of eighteen different types of adverse events, which we noted, were significantly different among treatment groups ( χ2=315.7, df=34, p<0.001). Clozapine was safer and had fewer adverse effects (average of 0.9 adverse events per patient) than haloperidol (2.7) and chlorpromazine (3.2). CONCLUSIONS: Clozapine, in low doses of flexible regime, in long term (five years) showed better effectiveness in chronic schizophrenics with positive and negative symptoms than typical antipsychotics.

scholarly journals Discovery of increased epidermal DNAH10 expression after regeneration of dermis in a randomized with-in person trial — reflections on psoriatic inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Lagus ◽  
Mariliis Klaas ◽  
Susanna Juteau ◽  
Outi Elomaa ◽  
Juha Kere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Psoriatic Skin ◽  
Dermal Matrix ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Dermal Regeneration ◽  
Unaffected Skin ◽  
One Year ◽  
To Receive

AbstractBecause molecular memories of past inflammatory events can persist in epidermal cells, we evaluated the long-term epidermal protein expression landscapes after dermal regeneration and in psoriatic inflammation. We first characterized the effects of two dermal regeneration strategies on transplants of indicator split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) in ten adult patients with deep burns covering more than 20% of their body surface area. After fascial excision, three adjacent areas within the wound were randomized to receive a permanent dermal matrix, a temporary granulation-tissue-inducing dressing or no dermal component as control. Control areas were covered with STSG immediately, and treated areas after two-weeks of dermis formation. Epidermis-dermis-targeted proteomics of one-year-follow-up samples were performed for protein expression profiling. Epidermal expression of axonemal dynein heavy chain 10 (DNAH10) was increased 20-fold in samples having had regenerating dermis vs control. Given the dermal inflammatory component found in our dermal regeneration samples as well as in early psoriatic lesions, we hypothesized that DNAH10 protein expression also would be affected in psoriatic skin samples. We discovered increased DNAH10 expression in inflammatory lesions when compared to unaffected skin. Our results associate DNAH10 expression with cell proliferation and inflammation as well as with the epidermal memory resulting from the previous regenerative signals of dermis. This study (ISRCTN14499986) was funded by the Finnish Ministry of Defense and by government subsidies for medical research.

scholarly journals Lack of Efficacy of Propofol in the Treatment of Early Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Harper ◽  
E. Della-Marta ◽  
H. Owen ◽  
J. Plummer ◽  
A. Ilsley
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Gynaecological Surgery ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Rescue Antiemetic

The anti-nauseant efficacy of low-dose propofol was investigated in a blinded, randomized trial. Patients who complained of nausea and/or vomiting following laparoscopic gynaecological surgery and who requested antiemetic were randomly assigned to receive placebo, propofol 3 mg, propofol 9 mg or propofol 27 mg by intravenous injection. Nausea, vomiting and sedation were recorded by a blinded observer for 90 minutes following administration of the test drug, prior to discharge, and 24 hours following surgery. Rescue antiemetic (droperidol 1.0 mg IV) was available from 10 minutes after administration of test drug. Propofol failed to reduce nausea scores and did not reduce the incidence of vomiting. Numbers of patients receiving rescue antiemetic were similar in the four treatment groups. In the first 10 minutes following test drug administration, sedation scores were increased by propofol in a dose-related manner. We conclude that, in the dose range studied, propofol is ineffective for the treatment of nausea and vomiting occurring soon after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery.

Durability of the effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia: 12-month follow-up

1999 ◽  
Vol 174 (6) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Tarrier ◽  
Anja Witttkowskj ◽  
Caroline Kinney ◽  
Eilis McCarthy ◽  
Juue Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Supportive Counselling ◽  
One Year

BackgroundPersistent drug-resistant psychotic symptoms are a pervasive problem in the treatment of schizophrenia.AimsTo evaluate the durability of the treatment effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy for chronic schizophrenia one year after treatment termination.MethodA comparison of clinical outcomes was made at one-year follow-up from a randomised trial of cognitive–behavioural therapy, supportive counselling and routine care alone in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.ResultsSeventy out of the 72 patients (97%) who completed treatment were assessed at follow-up. There were significant differences between the three groups when positive and negative symptoms were analysed by means of ANCOVAs. Between-group comparisons indicated significant differences between cognitive–behavioural therapy and routine care at follow-up for positive symptoms. There was a trend towards significance for both cognitive–behavioural therapy and supportive counselling to be superior to routine care alone on negative symptoms.ConclusionsAt 12-month follow-up the significant advantage of cognitive– behavioural therapy compared to routine care alone remained.

Lack of differential long-term metabolic profile of aripiprazole, quetapine and ziprasidone in first episode of psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S388-S388
Author(s):  
J. Vázquez Bourgon ◽  
R. Pérez-Iglesias ◽  
V. Ortiz-García de la Foz ◽  
B. Crespo-Facorro
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
One Year

IntroductionThe use of second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) treatments in psychosis has been associated with metabolic changes. However, there are differences in metabolic profile between SGAs. In a previous study conducted in our sample of first episode psychosis patients, we observed that the ziprasidone had a more benign metabolic profile compare to aripiprazole and quetiapine, at short-term (12 weeks). However, to detect clinically-relevant impairment in metabolic parameters a long-term follow-up is preferred.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate if the differentiated metabolic profile of aripiprazole, ziprasidone and quetiapine observed at short-term is maintained after 1 year of treatment in a sample of drug-naïve patients with a first episode of psychosis.MethodsOne hundred and sixty-eight, drug-naïve patients, suffering from a non-affective first episode of psychosis, were included in the present study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive quetiapine, ziprasidone or aripiprazole. Weight and glucemic/lipid parameters were recorded at baseline and after 1 year of treatment. Other clinical and socio-demographic variables were recorded to eliminate potential confounding effects.ResultsNo significant differences between antipsychotic groups (all F < 2.61; P > 0.05) were found in any of the metabolic parameters studied after one year of treatment.ConclusionsDespite the metabolic profile differences observed at short-term in our previous studies, we did not find significant differences in the metabolic and weight parameters studied between treatment groups after one year of treatment, concluding that they present similar metabolic profiles at long-term. Other clinical individual interventions (e.g.: diet, exercise), not here controlled, may have influenced possible differences in long-term metabolic outcomes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

LONG TERM - LOW DOSE CLOZAPINE MAINTENANCE THERAPY OF CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 364B
Author(s):  
M. M. Jašović-Gašić ◽  
J. Kunovac ◽  
S. Totić
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia

scholarly journals Low-dose versus high-dose methotrexate during remission induction in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Protocol 81-01 update)

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2514-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Niemeyer ◽  
RD Gelber ◽  
NJ Tarbell ◽  
M Donnelly ◽  
LA Clavell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
To Receive

We evaluated event-free survival (EFS) and leukemia-free interval (LFI) of children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Patients were randomized to receive either a low dose or high dose of methotrexate (MTX) as a single agent at the time of diagnosis. Five days later, multidrug therapy was begun. We assessed the early antileukemic efficacy of the two doses of MTX, as well as toxicity and long-term efficacy. An increase in cell kill, as indicated by a larger decrease in the percentage of viable cells in the bone marrow between days 0 and 5, was observed for the high-dose MTX group when compared with the low-dose MTX group (P = .04). At 7.1 years of median follow- up, the 38 children randomized to receive high-dose MTX had a better EFS and LFI compared with the 39 patients randomized to receive low- dose MTX. The 7-year percentages (+/- SE) for EFS were 82% +/- 6% for high-dose MTX and 69% +/- 7% for low-dose MTX (P = .13). The 7-year percentages for LFI were 91% +/- 5% and 69% +/- 7%, respectively (P = .01). We recommend that high-dose MTX be considered as an effective addition to induction therapy in childhood ALL.

scholarly journals Therapy of Pyothorax in Cats via Small-Bore Thoracostomy Tube in Terms of Efficacy, Complications and Outcomes

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Evelyn Heier ◽  
Gabriel Wurtinger ◽  
Esther Hassdenteufel ◽  
Matthias Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Closed Chest ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
One Year

First-line therapy for cats with pyothorax consists of intravenous antibiotics, drainage of the septic pleural effusion and closed-chest lavage. Large-bore thoracostomy tubes are traditionally used for drainage, but case series indicate a comparable efficacy using small-bore tubes. In this retrospective study, we describe a new technique of sheath-guided small-bore (6 F) thoracostomy tubes in cats with pyothorax and evaluate their efficacy and complications. Additionally, we compare outcomes between two treatment groups. Placement and use of the small-bore thoracostomy tubes described here has a low complication rate of 4% (3/67 tubes), and 53% (24/45) of the cats could be treated with thoracostomy tubes and closed-chest lavage according to the protocol. The success rate is reduced by 18% (8/45) due to deaths caused mainly by sepsis, 16% (7/45) due to structural diseases requiring surgery and a further 14% (6/43) due to lavage failures that could only be cured after additive therapy (thoracotomy or fibrinolysis). The long-term prognosis was very good, with a survival rate one year after discharge of 94% (30/32). We detected no effect on survival by early placement of bilateral thoracostomy tubes or closed-chest lavage with a heparinised solution. In conclusion, therapy of pyothorax with small-bore thoracostomy tubes is as successful as therapy with large- or medium-bore tubes.

Combination Pharmacotherapy

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Becker ◽  
Frederick A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Major Hemorrhage ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Speed Group ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
To Receive

The goal of improving coronary arterial patency, microcirculatory blood flow, and myocardial perfusion represents the essence of fibrinolytic–adjunctive therapy combinations. Because fibrinolytic resistance, patency without perfusion, and reocclusion are platelet-mediated phenomena, considerable emphasis has been placed on the development of platelet antagonists. Coronary arterial thrombi consist of platelets and fibrin bound in a tightly packed meshwork. Platelets modify the intrinsic properties of the fibrin network, causing changes in permeability and vasoelasticity, which decrease fibrinolysis rates. The addition of aspirin and the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist abciximab modulates the interaction of platelets and fibrin, improving both accessibility to fibrinolytics and the overall rates of fibrinolysis (Collet et al., 2001). The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 14 trial (Antman et al., 1999) randomized 888 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI) to receive (1) accelerated tissue plasminogen activator (tPA; ≤100 mg) plus standard dose of unfractionated heparin (UFH); (2) tPA (920 mg bolus) plus abciximab (0.25 mg/kg bolus, 7 μg/min); (3) streptokinase (800,000 to 1.5 million units) and low-dose UFH; or (4) abciximab plus low-dose UFH. TIMI 3 flow rates 90 minutes from treatment initiation were 52%, 53%, 42%, and 32%, respectively. In subsequent dose/strategy studies, a combination of tPA (35 mg) plus abciximab and tPA (15 mg bolus, 31 mg over 60 minutes) plus abciximab revealed 63% and 73% TIMI 3 flow rates, respectively. Rates of major hemorrhage were similar in all tPA treatment groups. The Strategies for Patency Enhancement in the Emergency Department (SPEED) trial (SPEED Group, 2000) included two phases. Phase A (n = 241) randomized patients to receive either abciximab (bolus plus infusion) alone or combined with 5 U, 7.5 U, 10 U, 5 U + 2.5 U, or 5U + 5 U of reteplase. Phase B tested the best strategy from phase A (abciximab plus 5 U + 5 U of reteplase) against 10 U + 10 U of reteplase. In phase A, 62% of the abciximab–reteplase 5 U + 5 U patient group had TIMI 3 flow rates at 60 to 90 minutes vs. 27% of those given abciximab alone (p = .001).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document