Prevention of first-episode depression: progress and potential

SummaryPreventive intervention for first-episode depression is an exciting, emerging field. Many questions remain, however. Should we target patients who have sub-syndromal symptom elevations (i.e. indicated intervention) or should we intervene in high-risk groups (i.e. selective intervention)? Furthermore, should primary outcomes be incident depressions or long-term decreases in morbidity or mortality?

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Long-term results of Wllstent implantation in benign prostatic hyperplasia and in high-risk groups

Der Urologe ◽

10.1007/s001200050081 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Goepel ◽

A. Senge ◽

T. Otto ◽

H. Rübben

Keyword(s):

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Long Term Results

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Satisfaction With Informal Volunteering During the COVID-19 Crisis: An Empirical Study Considering a Swiss Online Volunteering Platform

Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly ◽

10.1177/0899764020964595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 1142-1151

Author(s):

Stefan Trautwein ◽

Florian Liberatore ◽

Jörg Lindenmeier ◽

Georg von Schnurbein

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Empirical Study ◽

Online Survey ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Empirical Results ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Informal Volunteering ◽

Volunteer Motives ◽

Online Volunteering

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a huge wave of compassion. In particular, online volunteering platforms established channeling help for high-risk groups. It is unclear under which conditions volunteers were satisfied with their COVID-19 volunteering mediated by these platforms and whether they will continue their engagement after the crisis. Therefore, and considering personal susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, this study analyzes the effects of different platform support for volunteers and the fulfillment of volunteers’ motives. The study is based on an online survey of a sample of 565 volunteers who registered at and were placed by a Swiss online platform. Fulfillment of distinct volunteer motives and platform support drive COVID-19 volunteering satisfaction. Moreover, motive fulfillment and platform-related support indirectly impact willingness to volunteer long-term via volunteering satisfaction. Finally, the empirical results show that motive fulfillment and the effect of platform support are contingent on perceived susceptibility to infection.

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Preventive Intervention for Preschoolers at High Risk for Antisocial Behavior: Long-Term Effects on Child Physical Aggression and Parenting Practices

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology ◽

10.1080/15374410801955813 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 386-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Laurie Miller Brotman ◽

Kathleen Kiely Gouley ◽

Keng-Yen Huang ◽

Amanda Rosenfelt ◽

Colleen O'Neal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Antisocial Behavior ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Preventive Intervention ◽

Long Term Effects

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Late diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infections in high-risk groups in Karachi, Pakistan

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462418785264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (14) ◽

pp. 1400-1406

Author(s):

Zahra Hasan ◽

Sharaf Shah ◽

Rumina Hasan ◽

Shoaib Rao ◽

Manzoor Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

High Risk ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv 1

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevalence in Pakistan has been increasing in high-risk groups, including people who inject drugs (PWID) and transgender hijra sex workers (TG-HSWs) nationwide. Effective control of HIV requires early diagnosis of the infection. We investigated recency of HIV infections in newly-diagnosed cases in PWID and TG-HSWs. This was an observational study with convenience sampling. Overall, 210 HIV-positive subjects comprising an equal number of PWID and TG-HSWs were included. Antibody avidity was tested using the Maxim HIV-1 Limiting Antigen Avidity (LAg) EIA (Maxim Biomedical, Inc. Rockville, Maryland, USA). The mean age of study subjects was 29.5 years: PWID, 28.5 years and TG-HSWs, 30.4 years. Study subjects were married, 27%, or unmarried. Eighteen percent of individuals had recently-acquired HIV infections: 19% of PWID and 17% of TG-HSWs. Eighty-two percent of individuals had long-term HIV infections: 81% of PWID and 83% of TG-HSWs. This is the first study identification of recent HIV-1 infections in Pakistan. We show that most newly-diagnosed HIV patients in the high-risk groups studied had long-term infections. There is an urgent need for intervention in these groups to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection to reduce transmission in Pakistan.

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Long-term follow-up of women enrolled in a randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for early stage ovarian cancer (ICON1)

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5509 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 5509-5509 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. C. Swart

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Adjuvant Treatment ◽

Early Stage ◽

Risk Groups ◽

P Value ◽

Long Term Follow Up

5509 Background: ICON1 and a meta-analysis of all relevant trials demonstrated an improvement in 5 year recurrence-free and overall survival (RFS and OS) for women with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (ES EOC) treated with adjuvant chemotherapy compared to no adjuvant chemotherapy. We aimed to determine if this initial benefit is maintained long-term and whether benefit is different with different risk groups of patients defined by stage, grade and histology. Method: 477 women with ES EOC were recruited from centres in Italy (271 women) UK (195) Switzerland (11) between August 1991 and January 2000. 5-year results were presented at ASCO 2001. Systematic long-term follow up was planned and completed in May 2006. Results: With a median follow-up of 9.2 years, 168 women have developed recurrent disease or died and 144 women have died. The Hazard Ratio (HR) for RFS of 0.70 in favour of adjuvant chemotherapy (95% CI 0.52–0.95 p= 0.023) translated into an improvement of 10-year absolute RFS of 10% from 57 to 67%. For OS, HR was 0.74 (95% CI 0.53–1.02 p= 0.066), a corresponding improvement in 10-year absolute OS of 8% from 64% to 72%. 26% of patients died from causes other than ovarian cancer. Stage I patients were grouped as low (Ia, grade 1), medium (Ia grade 2, Ib or Ic grade 1) and high risk (Ia, grade 3, Ib or IC grade 2 or 3, any clear cell). The test of interaction between risk groups and adjuvant treatment for RFS and OS was 0.055 and 0.13, respectively. The HR, 95%CI and p value are summarised in the table . Conclusions The long-term benefit of adjuvant treatment on RFS is confirmed. There is clear evidence that adjuvant chemotherapy reduces the risk of recurrence/death or death alone in high-risk patients but not in the low-risk group. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]

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Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers14010055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Christine Greil ◽

Monika Engelhardt ◽

Jürgen Finke ◽

Ralph Wäsch

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Stem Cell ◽

High Risk ◽

Stem Cell Transplantation ◽

Cell Transplantation ◽

Risk Groups ◽

High Dose ◽

Term Survival ◽

Hematopoietic Stem

The development of new inhibitory and immunological agents and combination therapies significantly improved response rates and survival of patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) in the last decade, but the disease is still considered to be incurable by current standards and the prognosis is dismal especially in high-risk groups and in relapsed and/or refractory patients. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) may enable long-term survival and even cure for individual patients via an immune-mediated graft-versus-myeloma (GvM) effect, but remains controversial due to relevant transplant-related risks, particularly immunosuppression and graft-versus-host disease, and a substantial non-relapse mortality. The decreased risk of disease progression may outweigh this treatment-related toxicity for young, fit patients in high-risk constellations with otherwise often poor long-term prognosis. Here, allo-SCT should be considered within clinical trials in first-line as part of a tandem approach to separate myeloablation achieved by high-dose chemotherapy with autologous SCT, and following allo-SCT with a reduced-intensity conditioning to minimize treatment-related organ toxicities but allow GvM effect. Our review aims to better define the role of allo-SCT in myeloma treatment particularly in the context of new immunomodulatory approaches.

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Medulloblastoma

10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0139 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin C De Braganca ◽

Roger J Packer

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Free Survival ◽

High Risk Disease ◽

Poor Treatment ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Standard Risk

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in pediatric patients. Patients are presently stratified to either standard or high-risk groups based on clinical and pathologic criteria. Approximately 80% of patients with standard risk disease are cured of their primary disease. High-risk and recurrent disease groups have a poorer outcome; 5-year progression-free survival is only 65% with high-risk disease. Disease control after recurrence is very poor. Treatment is multimodal and also aims to limit short- and long-term toxicities. Recent identification of four molecular subtypes of medulloblastoma may change risk assignment and therapy. Addressing the medical and psychosocial issues of survivors continues to improve the quality of life for these patients beyond the disease’s treatment.

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Acute respiratory infection hospitalized in intensive care unit: long-term outcome in Elderly

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.622 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

L Grammatico-Guillon ◽

C Hermetet ◽

C Gaborit ◽

L Laporte ◽

A Guillon

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Healthcare Consumption ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Frailty Score

Abstract Background The consequences of the ageing population concerning ICU-hospitalization need to be adequately described, especially acute respiratory infections (ARI) strongly associated with Elderly. The study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of ARI surviving ICU hospitalization in patients over 80 yo. Methods A retrospective multicentre cohort study was performed, based on hospital discharge databases in one French region (2.5 million inhabitants). Patients with ARI in ICU were selected according to specific ICD-10 diagnosis codes recorded and matched with a control population (patient undergoing a cataract surgery), using a propensity score (matching algorithm 1:1 ratio, caliper 0.002) with the matching variables (age, sex, frailty score, chronic heart disease, chronic pulmonary disease and cancer). Analyzes of this matched population were performed to determine their 2-year in-hospital mortality, healthcare utilization and evolution of the frailty score during the 2-year period before/after the inclusion stay. Results A total of 1,658 hospital stays for ARI after 80 yo were identified, with 438 dead (26%) during the initial stay. After matching with the cataract population, 988 patients were selected in each group without difference in the propensity score. ARI lead to an important increase of healthcare use during the 2 years after discharge. The patients that were discharged from hospital after ARI requiring ICU, had a 23-fold increase of death at 90 days and 4-fold at 2 years and the evolution of the frailty score was 1.6 fold higher than the cataract population. Conclusions Elderly patients with severe ARI survived from their ICU stay in 75%, but have a major risk of death in the following months, and an important increase in healthcare consumption. Our findings provide data for more informed goals-of-care discussions and may help target post-ICU discharge services for these high-risk groups. Key messages Elderly patients with severe acute respiratory infection survived ICU in 75%, but had a major risk of death in the following months, added to a substantial increase in healthcare consumption. These findings provide data for more informed goals-of-care discussions and may help target interventions for these high-risk groups.

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