scholarly journals Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: A potential new peripheral biomarker of suicidal behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángela Velasco ◽  
Julia Rodríguez-Revuelta ◽  
Emilie Olié ◽  
Iciar Abad ◽  
Abel Fernández-Peláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have emerged as important peripheral inflammatory biomarkers. Recent data suggest a possible role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior (SB). The aim of this study is to evaluate the association among NLR, MLR, and PLR and SB in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and to test its validity as a biomarker for suicidality. Methods. We evaluated 538 patients with MDD (mean age [standard deviation] = 43.87 [14.36] years; females: 68.8%). A logistic regression model was estimated to determine the independent factors associated with suicide risk in patients with and without a history of suicide attempt (SA). Results. Three hundred ninety-three patients (74.7%) had a personal history of SA. Patients with a previous SA were more frequently female (71.9% vs. 59.6%; p = 0.007), significantly younger (41.20 vs. 51.77 years; p < 0.001), had lower depression severity at enrolment (15.58 vs. 18.42; p < 0.000), and significantly higher mean NLR and PLR ratios (2.27 vs. 1.68, p = 0.001; 127.90 vs. 109.97, p = 0.007, respectively). In the final logistic regression model, after controlling for age, sex, and depression severity, NLR was significantly associated with SB (β = 0.489, p = 0.000; odds ratio [95% confidence intervals] = 1.631 [1.266–2.102]). We propose a cut-off value of NLR = 1.30 (sensitivity = 75% and specificity = 35%). Conclusions. Our data suggest that NLR may be a valuable, reproducible, easily accessible, and cost-effective strategy to determine suicide risk in MDD.

scholarly journals Dietary Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitude, Behaviors, and Hypertension in a Rural Northern Thailand Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 870-870
Author(s):  
Celina Morales ◽  
Pimbucha Rusmevichientong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family History ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objectives The objectives of this study were to examine the dietary salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors associated with the prevalence of hypertension among adults residing in rural Northern Thailand. Methods A cross-sectional study utilizing convenience sampling was administered in San Pa Tong District, Chiang Mai, Thailand. The one-on-one interview was conducted to assess subject's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors relating to their dietary salt intake. Various food frequencies for foods high in salt were also measured. Each subject's blood pressure was measured twice before and after the interview. A logistic regression model was used in the analysis to determine potential hypertension risk factors. Results A total of 403 adults participated in the study. A majority of participants were female (73.2%), and the average age was 62.5 years old. Half of participants reported a family history of hypertension and 32% of participants were hypertensive. The major results from the logistic regression model indicated positive attitudes towards decreasing salt intake lead to a lower chance of becoming hypertensive (OR = 0.934). However, a family history of high blood pressure (OR = 1.417), a higher knowledge score about foods high in salt (OR = 1.254), daily use of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) in food preparation (OR = 1.959) and buying outside food to eat at home (OR = 5.692) lead to a higher chance of becoming hypertensive. Conclusions Our findings suggest higher knowledge does not decrease the chance of becoming hypertensive. However, there is a positive association between hypertension and dietary salt-related behaviors among adults living in rural Thai communities. More specifically, salt-reduction interventions should focus on promoting home-cooked meal preparation with lower salt substitutes to MSG. Funding Sources NIMHD Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Training Program (MHRT), California State University, Fullerton (Department of Public Health) and Chiang Mai University (Department of Community Medicine).

scholarly journals Association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Suicide Attempts in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Fili ◽  
Marzieh Nojomi ◽  
Katayoon Razjouyan ◽  
Mojgan Kahdemi ◽  
Rozita Davari- Ashtiani
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the association between ADHD and suicide attempts among adolescents with bipolar disorder. Method: Participants were 168 adolescents who fulfilled DSM-IV-TR criteria for bipolar disorder. They were divided into 2 groups: The first group of patients with bipolar disorder with a history of suicide attempts (n = 84) and the second group without a history of suicide attempts (n = 84). ADHD and other variables were analyzed using a chi-squared test and logistic regression model. Results: No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in comorbidity of ADHD and other psychiatric disorders (P value > 0/05). In the logistic regression model, and after controlling for other factors, gender (OR = 3.9, CI 95%: 1.5-9.6) and history of sexual abuse (OR = 3.4; CI 95%: 1.06-11.3) were the only 2 factors associated with a history of suicide attempts. Conclusion: No significant association was found between ADHD and suicide attempts in adolescents with bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Determinants that Associated with Traveling History of COVID-19 Patients in Ethiopia During Stay at Home State of Emergency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kindu Kebede Gebre ◽  
Million Wesenu Demissie
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: The recent outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Disease (COVID-19) has put the world on alert and impacting societies around the world in an unprecedented manner. The main aims of this study was to investigate the association among the socio-demographic factors with traveling history of COVID-19 Patients in Ethiopia during stay at home state of emergency. Methods: A total of 162 respondents with COVID-19 during March 13, 2020 to May 6, 2020 in Ethiopia were used. Two sided chi-square test was used to test the association between the socio demographic factors among COVID-19 Patients. A log-complement logistic regression model was used to compute the health ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to measure the effect of those factors. Results: The data was analyzed using 162 patients of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2. An association was found between traveling history of COVID-19 infected patients and Gender (male vs female) [B =5.410, p<0.020] and Age group [a=13.082, p<0.004]. Log-complement logistic regression model showed that Gender and Age were significant factors associated to traveling history of COVID-19 Patients. Health ratio showed that increasing risk of traveling history for COVID-19 patients associated with higher number of males [ HR=0.5895, 95%CI: 0.4007-0.8672, P<0.0073] and Age group 18-39 years [HR=0.4139, 95%CI: 0.2385-0.7184, P<0.0017] on patients of COVID-19. Akaike information criteria with minimum value [AIC=1.2158] indicated that Log complement logistic regression model was fitted the data well for the similar dataset of patients’ with novel corona virus. Conclusions: Male Gender and Age group 18-39 years are significant socio-demographic factors associated to traveling history of patients with corona virus disease. Further socio-demographic investigations are required to better understand the extent of association with Gender and Age for effective intervention and fight this pandemic to preserve lives.

scholarly journals Prolylcarboxypeptidase Is a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Events

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 1531-1531
Author(s):  
Alvin H. Schmaier ◽  
Alona Merkulova ◽  
Haley Gittleman ◽  
Omar Alhalabi ◽  
Evi Stavrou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Coronary Disease ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
History Of

Abstract BACKGROUND: Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) is a membrane-associated serine protease that regulates biologic peptides bradykinin, angiotensin II, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone, and activates prekallikein. PRCP and its variants have been associated with metabolic syndrome in males, hypertension in preeclampsia, resistance to ACE inhibitors, and embryonic angiogenesis. Recent studies on PRCPgt/gt mice that have 25% normal PRCP levels show that these animals are hypertensive, have higher risk for arterial thrombosis, increased vascular inflammation, and reduced angiogenic repair after ischemia and injury (Blood 117:3929, 2011; Blood 122:1522, 2013). The hypothesis of this investigation is that polymorphisms in PRCP are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: DNA from 2,243 subjects from the PEACE Trial (NEJM 351:2058, 2004) were genotyped at 2 PRCP SNPs (rs7104980, rs2298668) and 3 KLKB1 (prekallikrein) SNPs (rs4253252, rs3733402, rs3087505). These subjects were 82% female and had a history of (in decreasing frequency) angina (71%), angiographic coronary disease (66%), heart attack (58%), PTCA (44%), hypertension (42%), CABG (36%), diabetes (15%), stroke (4%), and TIA (3%). The association between single SNP alleles and different cardiovascular related phenotypes was assessed using logistic regression models. These models were adjusted for age, weight, gender, history of hypertension, and history of diabetes. RESULTS: When the logistic regression model was adjusted for age, weight, and gender, SNP rs710980 in PRCP had a 21% increased odds [odds ratio=1.211; 95% CI=(1.008, 1.454)] of having a history of PTCA if carrying the G allele (frequency of 66%) as compared to not having the G allele (frequency 34%). Additionally, adjusting the logistic regression model for history of hypertension and diabetes did not alter the odds ratio for PTCA history. However when the logistic regression model included history of hypertension and diabetes, the odds of having a history of a MI if carrying the same allele also is increased by 21% [odds ratio=1.21; 95% CI=(1.001, 1.455)]. In summary, the rs710980 intronic PRCP SNP conferred risk for CVD, while the PRCP exonic SNP rs2298668 showed no relationship in this population. Alternatively, the exonic KLKB1 SNP rs3733402 of Apple Domain 2 where high molecular weight kininogen binds conferred reduced odds of 24% [odds ratio=0.76; 95% CI=(0.622, 0.928)] of having a history of angiographic coronary disease if carrying the G allele (frequency 67%) as compared to not having the G allele (frequency of 33%). The other two KLKB1 SNPs showed no associations. DISCUSSION: These combined data on PRCP suggest that it is a risk factor for CVD. The present genetic data are consistent with biochemical, cell culture, and in vivo investigations showing that PRCP levels influence vascular biology, renal function, and metabolism. The extent of the genetic associations of PRCP polymorphisms with CVD may be resultant of the database interrogated. The PEACE trial consisted of individuals not severely ill with CVD. Its hypothesis to show that administration of ACE inhibitors leads to increased protection from mild CVD was not met. However, the present investigation showing several positive odds ratios with a certain PRCP SNP for CVD suggests that PRCP is a stronger risk factor for CVD than can be demonstrated in the PEACE subject population. PRCP should be interrogated in additional populations of subjects with CVD. Funding Support: NIH HL052779-17, HL112666-2 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Dose reduction (DR) due to chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in breast cancer (BC) patients (pts) in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant settings.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20574-e20574
Author(s):  
Bhavana Bhatnagar ◽  
Steven Gilmore ◽  
Olga G. Goloubeva ◽  
Lulu Wang ◽  
Michelle Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Dose Intensity ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Relative Dose Intensity ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
History Of

e20574 Background: CIPN is a common and potentially dose-limiting complication of many effective cytotoxic agents. Taxanes are the cornerstone of treatment in BC. Limited data are available regarding the prevalence and severity of DR due to CIPN following taxane use. Methods: Charts of 123 consecutive newly diagnosed BC pts treated with a taxane as part of standard neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center between 01/01/2008 and 12/31/2011 were reviewed. Treating physicians followed standard recommendations for DR. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 53 years (range, 32-78), 120 female/3 male, 48 Caucasian (C), 70 African-American (AA), 5 had a history of alcohol abuse, and 20 had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Seventy pts received docetaxel, 46 paclitaxel, 7 received both or nab-paclitaxel. Fifty (40%) pts required DR, with 21 (17%) due to CIPN and 29 (23%) due to other causes. The median relative dose intensity (received dose/planned dose) for the 21 CIPN-induced dose reduction pts was 88% (range, 62%-97%). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to compare pts who did and did not require DR based on the following possible risk factors: taxane received, DM, alcohol use, and race. Based on the effects estimated by statistical model, there was no difference between pts who did and did not undergo DR with regard to factors listed. However, diabetic pts were over twice as likely to require DR (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 0.6-10.2, p=0.06). The univariable logistic regression model for 50 pts who had undergone DR revealed possible differences in developing CIPN between C and AA patients. The chances of DR due to CIPN are higher in AA pts (OR=4.3, 95% CI: 1.1-16.7, p=0.03). Pts who received paclitaxel are more likely to require DR due to CIPN than those treated with docetaxel (OR=10.4, 95% CI: 2.7-39.6, p=0.001). Conclusions: 1. CIPN-induced dose-reduction occurred in 17% of our study population. 2. The median relative dose intensity was 88%. 3. DM may increase the overall risk of dose reduction, and AA, paclitaxel therapy may confer a higher risk of CIPN-induced dose reduction.

Identifying the Early Warnings of Currency Crisis in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaga Mohana Rao ◽  
Puja Padhi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Currency Crises ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Signal Extraction ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Better Than

We empirically investigate the recent history of currency crises (stress periods) and the factors influencing their likelihood in India. This study aims at constructing an early warning system (EWS) to forecast the possibility of an imminent crisis in the crisis window of 12 months by employing signal extraction methodology and logistic regression model for the period 1986–2015. Among the 22 identified crisis months (stress periods), only early episodes (1990–1991) were followed by a devaluation and not the later periods (post 1991). Both signal extraction methodology and logistic regression model indicate no relative importance to the three generations of currency crises models. Nevertheless, the results advocate that logistic regression model fares better than signal extraction technique. The results also suggest that building an EWS can be an effective diagnostic technique. JEL Codes: F31, F47, G01

Stress, Cortisol and Suicide Risk

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
The Impact

Suicide is a global health issue accounting for at least 800,000 deaths per annum. Numerous models have been proposed that differ in their emphasis on the role of psychological, social, psychiatric and neurobiological factors in explaining suicide risk. Central to many models is a stress-diathesis component which states that suicidal behavior is the result of an interaction between acutely stressful events and a susceptibility to suicidal behavior (a diathesis). This article presents an overview of studies that demonstrate that stress and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, as measured by cortisol levels, are important additional risk factors for suicide. Evidence for other putative stress-related suicide risk factors including childhood trauma, impaired executive function, impulsivity and disrupted sleep are considered together with the impact of family history of suicide, perinatal and epigenetic influences on suicide risk.

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