The utility of HCC screening among cirrhotics

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15108-15108
Author(s):  
P. Niravath ◽  
T. Hayes ◽  
S. Hilsenbeck
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hepatocellular Cancer ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
American Population ◽  
Significant Difference

15108 Background: Screening known cirrhotics for hepatocellular cancer (HCC) has long been a contentious topic. Studies to date have failed to conclusively prove or disprove the validity of AFP and hepatic ultrasound as screening mechanisms for HCC among cirrhotics, particularly in the American population. It is not clear whether these screening mechanisms provide any benefit in terms of reduced morbidity and mortality. Methods: The study examined all cirrhotics who developed HCC at the Houston Veterans Affairs Medical Center between 1999 and 2005. Those who were screened with AFP and/or imaging (either ultrasound, triphasic liver protocol CT, or MRI) were compared to those patients who were not screened at all. The screened and unscreened patients were compared in terms of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage (BCLC) at the time of diagnosis. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the screened and unscreened groups in terms of BCLC stage at diagnosis, with the unscreened group being diagnosed at later stages than the screened group. Of the 155 patients observed, 26 were appropriately screened, and 129 were not. The BCLC stages at diagnosis for the two groups are shown in the table . The different trend in the two groups was found to be statistically significant with a p-value of 0.004. Furthermore, among the screened group, no particular method of screening (AFP vs. imaging vs. combination) was shown to be superior to another. Conclusions: Screening for HCC among cirrhotics using AFP and/or imaging every 6 months does correlate with HCC diagnosis at an earlier BCLC stage, thus portending better treatment options and improved prognosis. Therefore, screening all known cirrhotics for HCC may lead to decreased mortality. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Sleeve gastrectomy is the most common cause of Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease in comparison with other bariatric operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
majdi abu sneineh ◽  
malek abu sneineh ◽  
Monther Abu Sneineh ◽  
mustafa abu sneineh ◽  
muneer abu snineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Bariatric Procedure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Symptomatic Gerd ◽  
Swallow Study ◽  
Contrast Swallow ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

Abstract Introduction GERD is one of the complications of bariatric operations that might affect the quality of life. We aim to perform a retrospective cohort study to determine the incidence of symptomatic GERD following different types of bariatric surgery and which operations are considered a contraindication of GERD. Besides, we are attempting to identify the risk factors of GERD after bariatric surgery. Methods Medical records of 729 patients undergone bariatric operations between January 2010 and June 2019 at Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center were reviewed. Results There was a significant difference between the type of bariatric procedure and the incidence of GERD symptoms after the operation. The incidence of symptomatic GERD in patients who underwent SG was 39.9% (p =0.0131). This was significantly higher compared to 16.4% following roux en y gastric bypass, 23.4% following LAGB, and 11% following OAGB. 113 patients out of 718 had a positive swallow test and of these patient 71 developed GERD symptoms post-operatively without correlation to the degree of reflux at the swallow test but with statistically significant correlation to the type of operation especially for SG (P-value <0.001) and to our knowledge this was never reported in the literature. Conclusion SG is a good bariatric procedure option but should be contraindicated in asymptomatic reflux contrast swallow study and symptomatic GERD patients preoperatively because of high levels of symptomatic GERD post-operatively. Asymptomatic reflux at contrast swallow study pre-operatively should be considered a risk factor for GERD after the operation.

scholarly journals Results of modern tuboperitoneal infertility treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drenka Turjacanin-Pantelic ◽  
Dragana Bojovic-Jovic ◽  
Biljana Arsic ◽  
Eliana Garalejic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background/Aim. A modern approach to surgical treatment of tuboperitoneal infertility is based on laporascopic techniques. The aim of this study was to compare results of tuboperitoneal infertility treatment by the use of laparoscopy and classical laparotomy. Methods. A retrospectiveprospective study on 66 women treated operatively form tuboperitoneal infertility was performed. Data from patient's anamnesis and those related to the surgical treatment results, obtained by the use of an inquiry, were used in retrospective and prospective analysis, respectively. Chi-square test was used in statistical analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results. Classical laparotomy was used on 34 women in a period from 1996 to 1997, while 32 women were operated laparoscopically in a period from 1999 to 2000. The results were as follows: a total number of conceived women was 16 (24%), seven in the group I (20.6%) and nine in the group II (28.1%); 13 women were with one pregnancy, six in the group I (17.6%) and seven in the group II (22%). Twice pregnant were three women, one in the group I (2.9%) and two in the group II (6.2%). The resulting pregnancies were: five women with abortion spontaneous, two in the group I (5.9%) and three in the group II (9.4%); two women with extrauterine pregnancy in the group I (5.9%); three with pretemporal birth, one in the group I (2.9%) and two in the group II (6.2%), while six women were with the temporal birth, two in the group I (5.9%) and four in the group II (12.5%). Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the results between these two groups. Conclusion. Surgical treatment of tubeperitoneal infertility, regardless of the used methods (classical laparotomy or laparoscopy) was successful in a great number of women. These methods have a great advantage over in vitro fertilization, and they should not be ignored.

Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Antibody among Outpatients of Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa, Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (07) ◽  
pp. 5521-5527
Author(s):  
Dr Oluwayemisi Agnes Olorode ◽  
Ofonime M. Ogba ◽  
Williams E. Ebisin
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
P Value ◽  
World Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Antibody

Helicobacter Pylori is the most common chronic bacterial infection (acquired early childhood) in humans affecting 50% of the world population and much attention has not been paid to this. This study was carried out between February and October 2019 to test for the presence of Helicobacter Pylori antibody among asymptomatic individuals attending Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. A total of 200 {114(57%) males, 86(43%) females} blood samples were collected at ramdom into Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottles and immediately transported to the laboratory for analysis using Helicobacter pylori Serology rapid blood test kit. Age was stratified to allow for comparison because the entire outcome was age dependent. Chi square analysis was conducted for the categorical variable. Findings showed that out of 200 samples examined, 88(44%) forty (40 (45%) males and 48(55%) females were positive to Helicobacter pylori infection while 112(56%) were negative. Females of age range 24 -33 had the highest prevalence of 24 (27%) while male of age group 14 to 23 had 21(24%); females of 34 to 44 was 16(18%); 54-63 had 4(05%) and the least was 44 to 53 years with prevalence of 3(03%).  There was a significant difference across the age group and socio-demographic characteristic at p-value = 0.0001 < 0.05 and p-value =0.002068 < 0.05, p-value = 0.000916 <0.05 respectively. Observations showed the higher prevalence in females (53%) than their males (47%) counterparts; likewise the infected individuals host this organism ignorantly and busy treating out of line.  Study with more than one diagnostic technique is recommended to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori, as rapid blood test is limited due to the presence of antibody in the serum for long after eradication. In conclusion, routine medical examination on Helicobacter pylori is encouraged among individuals in respective of age and status.

A Measure to Detect Sleep Onset Using Statistical Analysis of Spike Rhythmicity

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Purnima ◽  
N. Sriraam ◽  
U. Krishnaswamy ◽  
K. Radhika
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sleep State ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Impact

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals derived from polysomnography recordings play an important role in assessing the physiological and behavioral changes during onset of sleep. This paper suggests a spike rhythmicity based feature for discriminating the wake and sleep state. The polysomnography recordings are segmented into 1 second EEG patterns to ensure stationarity of the signal and four windowing scheme overlaps (0%, 50%, 60% and 75%)of EEG pattern are introduced to study the influence of the pre-processing procedure. The application of spike rhythmicity feature helps to estimate the number of spikes from the given pattern with a threshold of 25%.Then non parametric statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test is introduced to evaluate the impact of statistical measures such as mean, standard deviation, p-value and box-plot analysis under various conditions .The statistical test shows significant difference between wake and sleep with p<0.005 for the applied feature, thus demonstrating the efficiency of simple thresholding in distinguishing sleep and wake stage .

Quality and reliability of online video information of breast cancer in Spanish.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11039-11039
Author(s):  
Fernando Cristobal Diaz ◽  
Ismael Pavel Polo Perez ◽  
Dailis Barbara Corria Cedeno ◽  
Michael LaPelusa ◽  
Dave Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Cáncer De Mama ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Us ◽  
Quality And Reliability

11039 Background: Online health information is a central part of how patients learn about a cancer diagnosis. Involving patients in shared decision making is associated with better outcomes. Previous studies have identified a lack of high-quality, reliable online material related to cancer in English using validated tools. As the number of Spanish speaking people in the US, and globally, continues to grow, it is important that high-quality, reliable information is available in Spanish. No studies have evaluated online breast cancer informational videos in Spanish. Methods: A search using the phrase “cancer de mama” (translation: “breast cancer”) was conducted on YouTube. The first 200 video URLs were included for study with duplicates, non-Spanish, and non-informational videos excluded. The videos were characterized by several variables, including year of upload, country of origin, content discussed, views, likes, dislikes, and typology group (“Personal”, “Professional”, “Health Portal”, etc.). The quality and reliability of these videos were examined by measuring Global Quality Scale (GQS), a 5-point DISCERN score, and JAMA scores. Results: 173 videos met inclusion criteria in the study. The majority of the videos which discussed signs and symptoms were uploaded by a ‘commercial’ typology, risk factors mainly uploaded by ‘health portals’ (21%), and treatment options by ‘professionals’ (50%). Relatively few videos have discussed reconstruction, survivorship, and breast cancer in men. 57% of these videos were uploaded prior to 2017, 36% by different personnel followed by government/news agency (25%), and professionals (23%). There was no significant difference between number of views (p-value: 0.526) and likes (p-value: 0.122) among the five typology groups. Professional videos had the highest average GQS (2.55), DISCERN score (1.90), and JAMA score (2.05). Personal videos had the lowest average GQS (1.98) and DISCERN score (1.06). GQS, DISCERN, and JAMA scores were all statistically significantly different between each typology. Conclusions: The majority of online breast cancer videos in Spanish are older than 3 years and produced outside the US. They are generally of poor quality and reliability, although higher in professional videos. Given the lack of current, high-quality, and reliable informational videos available, needs assessments should be conducted to identify the most useful learning resources for Spanish-speaking patients. Specialists should consider uploading educational videos to improve the paucity of high-quality, reliable information online.

scholarly journals Role of silicone stenting in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Abdussalam M. Jahan ◽  
Yousef M. Eldanfur ◽  
Abdulhakim B. Ghuzi
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Silicone Stent ◽  
Endoscopic Dcr

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure performed to relief nasolacrimal duct obstruction, which involves the creation of ostium at the lacrimal bone to form a shunt in the nasolacrimal pathway. Closure of the rhinostomy opening was considered a major factor for surgical failure. Use of silicone stent in endoscopic DCR to improve the success rate of the operation have been tried by many surgeons. In this study we assess the success rates of endoscopic DCR with and without silicone stents.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective study includes 30 patients were operated in the Department of ENT, Misrata Medical Center, from April 2017 to March 2018. They underwent endonasal endoscopic DCR for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.<strong> </strong>These patients were randomly divided in two groups: A and B with 15 patients in each group. The group A patients underwent endoscopic DCR with silicone stent and group B patients underwent endoscopic DCR without stent. The results were statistically analyzed by chi-square test.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 30 patients were included in this study, their age ranged from 17 to 60 years, complaining of epiphora, 24 (80%) were females and 6 (20%) were males. The success rate was higher in patients with silicone stent (93.33%) as compared to patients without silicone stent (86.67%) but this difference in the results is not statistically significant (As p value is 0.542 which is &gt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopic DCR is safe, successful procedure for treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction and there was no significant difference in the success rates of performing endonasal DCR with silicone or without silicone stents.</p>

scholarly journals Comparing carbon dioxide levels within urban transport microenvironments during rush hour and non-rush traffic

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hei (Alan) Leung ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Bobby Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
P Value ◽  
Confined Spaces ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Levels ◽  
American Society

  Introduction: Commuters spend countless hours within tightly confined spaces with limited ventilation that may be filled with many contaminants. By analyzing if there is a significant difference between levels of carbon dioxide between rush and non-rush hour conditions, it can be determined if some commuters are subjected to poorer levels of air quality during certain times of the day. Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to understand whether there are significant ventilation deficiencies during rush compared to non-rush hour times in urban transport microenvironments. Methods: Analysis of urban transport microenvironments was done using the TSI brand QTrak Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Monitor to gather data on carbon dioxide at 1-minute intervals on the 99 B-line express bus that runs between Broadway and Commercial Skytrain Station and the Broadway and Cambie Street Skytrain Station. Results: A one tailed T-test was done on the NCSS 9 statistical software to compare if rush hour urban microenvironments had significantly higher concentrations of carbon dioxide than when compared to non-rush hour. Statistical analysis determined that since the P-value was well above the alpha level of 0.05 (i.e. P<0.05), it gives reason to accept the null hypothesis, which states that rush hour concentrations were not higher than non-rush hour. Conclusion: Statistical analysis determined that the overall concentrations of carbon dioxide during rush hour were not significantly higher than non-rush hour times. This result may have been attributed to conditions and factors during data collection that could not be controlled by the researcher. Due to the length of the route, exposure times were found to be within time-weighted averages as set out by the American Conference of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), though it was still not within the recommended limit of 1000 ppm as set out by the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning (ASHRAE).  

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic and Aqueous Extract of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
Sarah Sukeri ◽  
Azizah Ab Karem ◽  
Evana Kamarudin ◽  
Mazura Bahari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Food poisoning is one of the riskiest illnesses caused by an organism like bacteria, viruses and parasites, which can contaminate food at any stage of food production. Most reports are associated with bacterial contamination through the food preparation process. Researcher nowadays attempts to discover a safer agent to use in food preparation as a food preservative agent. Thus, the potential of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves as an antimicrobial agent was explored in this study. It was tested against two bacteria which are Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Eschericia coli (gram-negative). Antimicrobial activity of methanol and aqueous R. tomentosa leaves extract was compared using gram staining, bacterial identification, antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST), minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and statistical analysis. The disc diffusion technique was used for AST where the mean area of inhibition methanol and aqueous extract against S. aureus was 18 mm and 16 mm respectively, whereas there was no area of inhibition for E. coli. MIC was done to determine the minimum concentration of the extract needed to inhibit the bacteria. After that, MBC was performed to confirm the previous MIC result. Statistical analysis was done by conduct it through SPSS software program. Then, the result for S. aureus is obtained from finding its p-value. Statistically, a significant difference between the two bacteria was analyzed by using independent t-test. A result of p-value less than 0.05 was considered significantly different as one another. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between methanol and aqueous extract on antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, both aqueous and methanol leaves R. tomentosa yielded similar antibacterial activity which susceptible to S. aureus and can be used safely toward foodborne pathogen.

scholarly journals Modern total ankle arthroplasty versus ankle arthrodesis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cort D. Lawton ◽  
Adam Prescott ◽  
Bennet A. Butler ◽  
Jakob F. Awender ◽  
Ryan S. Selley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ankle Arthrodesis ◽  
Total Ankle Arthroplasty ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Ankle Arthroplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
End Stage

The controversy in surgical management of end-stage tibiotalar arthritis with Total Ankle Arthroplasty (TAA) versus Ankle Arthrodesis (AA) has grown in parallel with the evolution of both procedures. No randomized controlled trials exist due to the vast differences in surgical goals, patient expectations, and complication profiles between the two procedures. This makes high quality systematic reviews necessary to compare outcomes between these two treatment options. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review with meta-analysis of publications reporting outcomes, complications, and revision data following third-generation TAA and/or modern AA published in the past decade. Thirtyfive articles met eligibility criteria, which included 4312 TAA and 1091 AA procedures. This review reports data from a mean follow-up of 4.9 years in the TAA cohort and 4.0 years in the AA cohort. There was no significant difference in overall complication rate following TAA compared to AA (23.6% and 25.7% respectively, P-value 0.31). Similarly, there was no significant difference in revision rate following TAA compared to AA (7.2% and 6.3% respectively, P-value 0.65). Successful treatment of end-stage tibiotalar arthritis requires an understanding of a patients’ goals and expectations, coupled with appropriate patient selection for the chosen procedure. The decision to proceed with TAA or AA should be made on a case-by-case basis following an informed discussion with the patient regarding the different goals and complication profiles for each procedure.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary combinations on plaque pH recovery after the intake of pediatric liquid analgesics

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaam Saeed ◽  
Nada Bshara ◽  
Juliana Trak ◽  
Ghiath Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plaque Ph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Difference Test

ABSTRACT Objectives: To study the effect of water, halloumi cheese and sugar-free (SF) chewing gum on plaque pH recovery after the intake of sweetened PLAs. Settings and Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 17 children (10 females, 7 males) aged 11–12 years with DFT/dft of more than 3. Materials and Methods: Each volunteer tested paracetamol and ibuprofen suspension alone or followed with water, halloumi cheese or SF gum, as well as 10% sucrose and 10% sorbitol as controls. Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min of ingestion. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test to assess minimum pH (min pH), maximum pH drop (ΔpH), and the area under baseline pH, and P value was set as 0.05. Results: Both ibuprofen and paracetamol were not significantly different from 10% sucrose in terms of min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH except for min pH of ibuprofen (P = 0.034). Water and halloumi cheese did not have a significant effect on plaque pH recovery after the intake of both analgesics as min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH were similar to 10% sucrose except for min pH of ibuprofen + water (P = 0.048). However, plaque pH variables after chewing SF gum for 20 min were similar to 10% sorbitol. Conclusion: Chewing SF gum immediately after the intake of sweetened PLAs for 20 min restores plaque pH and could be recommended as a complementary aid in caries prevention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document