Neoadjuvant imatinib in patients with locally advanced GIST in the prospective BFR14 trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10551-10551 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Cassier ◽  
A. A. Blesius ◽  
D. Perol ◽  
I. Ray-Coquard ◽  
A. Adenis ◽  
...  

10551 Background: The role of surgery in the management of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in the era of imatinib mesylate (IM) remains unknown. We sought to assess the outcome of patients with locally advanced primary GIST tumors without metastases treated with IM in the neoadjuvant setting within the prospective BFR14 phase III trial. Methods: The data base of the BFR14 trial was searched for patients with locally advanced disease and no metastases. Patients with recurrent disease were excluded. Results: Twenty five patients (9 females, 16 males) met these criteria. Twenty patients were PS 0 or 1, primary tumor sites were: small intestine (n=7), peritoneum (n=7), rectum (n=4), stomach (n=4), esophagus (n=2), and pelvis (n=1). Nine of the 25 patients underwent surgical resection of the primary tumor after a median of 7.3 (range 3.4–12.1) months of treatment with IM. There was a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for patient who underwent surgical resection versus those who did not: median PFS: 28.7 month vs 12.9 months respectively (p=0.0463) this benefit did not however translate into a significant benefit in overall survival (OS), although the trend favoured the resected group: median OS median not reached vs 29.4 months (p=0.0677). Conclusions: Surgery may increase progression-free survival in patients with locally advanced GIST who become resectable following treatment with IM. [Table: see text]

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. CMO.S7432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Fei Wang ◽  
Albert Craig Lockhart

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the US. In recent decades, an improved understanding of the role of the angiogenesis pathway in colorectal cancer has led to advancements in treatment. Bevacizumab has been shown to improve the progression-free survival and overall survival when combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, and at present is the only antiangiogenesis agent approved for the treatment of this cancer. Aflibercept is a novel angiogenesis-targeting agent, and has demonstrated efficacy in treating metastatic colorectal cancer in a recent randomized Phase III trial. Here we review the role of angiogenesis in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer, strategies for targeting angiogenesis, and the clinical development of aflibercept.


2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Jiangong Zhang ◽  
Wenqun Xing

Abstract   In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promising results in the treatment of ESCC. More than 20 phase II clinical trials have been launched to explore combinations of ICIs in the neoadjuvant setting for ESCC. Based on our phase II clinical trial, a two-arm phase III trial was launched in our Hospital. Methods A two-arm phase III trial was launched in April 2020 in our Hospital. Patient recruitment will be completed within 18 months. The primary endpoint is event-free survival (EFS). The secondary endpoints include pathologic complete response (pCR), disease-free survival (DFS) rate, overall response rate (ORR), R0 resection rate, major pathologic response (MPR), adverse events (AEs), complication rate and quality of life (QOL). A biobank of pretreatment, resected tumor tissue and paired blood samples will be built for translational research in the future. Results Until Dec. 2021, one hundred and twenty ESCC patients recruited in the trial. The trial is ongoing. Conclusion This RCT directly compares NAC with neoadjuvant toripalimab plus chemotherapy in terms of EFS for locally advanced ESCC. The results may usher in a new era of resectable ESCC treatment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1064-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanita Noronha ◽  
Amit Joshi ◽  
Vijay Maruti Patil ◽  
Jaiprakash Agarwal ◽  
Sarbani Ghosh-Laskar ◽  
...  

Purpose Chemoradiation with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 given once every 3 weeks is the standard of care in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (LAHNSCC). Increasingly, low-dose once-a-week cisplatin is substituted because of perceived lower toxicity and convenience. However, there is no level 1 evidence of comparable efficacy to cisplatin once every 3 weeks. Patients and Methods In this phase III randomized trial, we assessed the noninferiority of cisplatin 30 mg/m2 given once a week compared with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 given once every 3 weeks, both administered concurrently with curative intent radiotherapy in patients with LAHNSCC. The primary end point was locoregional control (LRC); secondary end points included toxicity, compliance, response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Results Between 2013 and 2017, we randomly assigned 300 patients, 150 to each arm. Two hundred seventy-nine patients (93%) received chemoradiotherapy in the adjuvant setting. At a median follow-up of 22 months, the estimated cumulative 2-year LRC rate was 58.5% in the once-a-week arm and 73.1% in the once-every-3-weeks arm, leading to an absolute difference of 14.6% (95% CI, 5.7% to 23.5%); P = .014; hazard ratio (HR), 1.76 (95% CI, 1.11 to 2.79). Acute toxicities of grade 3 or higher occurred in 71.6% of patients in the once-a-week arm and in 84.6% of patients in the once-every-3-weeks arm ( P = .006). Estimated median progression-free survival in the once-a-week arm was 17.7 months (95% CI, 0.42 to 35.05 months) and in the once-every-3-weeks arm, 28.6 months (95% CI, 15.90 to 41.30 months); HR, 1.24 (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.73); P = .21. Estimated median overall survival in the once-a-week arm was 39.5 months and was not reached in the once-every-3-weeks arm (HR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.79 to 1.65]; P = .48). Conclusion Once-every-3-weeks cisplatin at 100 mg/m2 resulted in superior LRC, albeit with more toxicity, than did once-a-week cisplatin at 30 mg/m2, and should remain the preferred chemoradiotherapy regimen for LAHNSCC in the adjuvant setting.


2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1670-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Falcone ◽  
Sergio Ricci ◽  
Isa Brunetti ◽  
Elisabetta Pfanner ◽  
Giacomo Allegrini ◽  
...  

Purpose The Gruppo Oncologico Nord Ovest (GONO) conducted a phase III study comparing fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI [irinotecan 165 mg/m2 day 1, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 day 1, leucovorin 200 mg/m2 day 1, fluorouracil 3,200 mg/m2 48-hour continuous infusion starting on day 1, every 2 weeks]) with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI). Methods Selection criteria included unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer, age 18 to 75 years, and no prior chemotherapy for advanced disease. The primary end point was response rate (RR). Results A total of 244 patients were randomly assigned. An increase of grade 2 to 3 peripheral neurotoxicity (0% v 19%; P < .001), and grade 3 to 4 neutropenia (28% v 50%; P < .001) were observed in the FOLFOXIRI arm. The incidence of febrile neutropenia (3% v 5%) and grade 3 to 4 diarrhea (12% v 20%) were not significantly different. Responses, as assessed by investigators, were, for FOLFIRI and FOLFOXIRI, respectively, complete, 6% and 8%; and partial, 35% and 58%, (RR, 41% v 66%; P = .0002). RR confirmed by an external panel was 34% versus 60% (P < .0001). The R0 secondary resection rate of metastases was greater in the FOLFOXIRI arm (6% v 15%; P = .033, among all 244 patients; and 12% v 36%; P = .017 among patients with liver metastases only). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were both significantly improved in the FOLFOXIRI arm (median PFS, 6.9 v 9.8 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.63; P = .0006; median OS, 16.7 v 22.6 months; HR, 0.70; P = .032). Conclusion The FOLFOXIRI regimen improves RR, PFS, and OS compared with FOLFIRI, with an increased, but manageable, toxicity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with favorable prognostic characteristics. Further studies of FOLFOXIRI in combination with targeted agents and in the neoadjuvant setting are warranted.


2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Letizia Ferella ◽  
Anna Cavallo ◽  
Rosalba Miceli ◽  
Nicola Alessandro Iacovelli ◽  
Tommaso Giandini ◽  
...  

Background: We evaluated the prognostic role of gross tumor volumes (GTVs) of primary tumor and positive lymph nodes on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in locally advanced unresectable sinonasal cancer (SNC) treated with definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with or without chemotherapy. Methods: Primary tumor GTV (GTV-T), pathologic neck nodes GTV (GTV-N), and positive retropharyngeal nodes GTV (GTV-RPN) of 34 patients with epithelial nonglandular SNC receiving IMRT with or without chemotherapy were retrospectively measured. The GTV variables were analyzed in relation with OS and PFS. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. We also estimated the crude cumulative incidence of locoregional relapses only. The optimal volume cutoff value was determined using an outcome-oriented method among the observed values. Results: GTV-T was significantly associated with decreased OS ( P=0.003) and PFS ( P=0.003). Moreover, patients with disease total volumes (GTV) smaller than 149.44 cm³ had better OS and PFS than patients with higher volumes ( P<0.0001 for both). Neck nodal metastasis impacted on OS and PFS ( P=0.030 and P=0.033, respectively), but GTV-N did not ( P=0.961; P=0.958). Retropharyngeal nodes metastasis was not associated with prognosis (OS: P=0.400; PFS: P=0.104). When GTV-RPN was added to GTV-N (GTV-TN), a relation with PFS ( P=0.041) and a trend toward significance for OS ( P=0.075) were found. Conclusions: Our results show that tumor volume is a powerful predictor of outcome in SNC. This could be useful to identify patients with worse prognosis deserving different treatment strategies.


BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Lorenzen ◽  
Alexander Biederstädt ◽  
Ulrich Ronellenfitsch ◽  
Christoph Reißfelder ◽  
Stefan Mönig ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Despite obvious advances over the last decades, locally advanced adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) still carry a dismal prognosis with overall 5-year survival rates of less than 50% even when using modern optimized treatment protocols such as perioperative chemotherapy based on the FLOT regimen or radiochemotherapy. Therefore the question remains whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy is eliciting the best results in patients with GEJ cancer. Hence, an adequately powered multicentre trial comparing both therapeutic strategies is clearly warranted. Methods The RACE trial is a an investigator initiated multicenter, prospective, randomized, stratified phase III clinical trial and seeks to investigate the role of preoperative induction chemotherapy (2 cycles of FLOT: 5-FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, docetaxel) with subsequent preoperative radiochemotherapy (oxaliplatin weekly, 5-FU plus concurrent fractioned radiotherapy to a dose of 45 Gy) compared to preoperative chemotherapy alone (4 cycles of FLOT), both followed by resection and postoperative completion of chemotherapy (4 cycles of FLOT), in the treatment of locally advanced, potentially resectable adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction. Patients with cT3–4, any N, M0 or cT2 N+, M0 adenocarcinoma of the GEJ are eligible for inclusion. The RACE trial aims to enrol 340 patients to be allocated to both treatment arms in a 1:1 ratio stratified by tumour site. The primary endpoint of the trial is progression-free survival assessed with follow-up of maximum 60 months. Secondary endpoints include overall survival, R0 resection rate, number of harvested lymph nodes, site of tumour relapse, perioperative morbidity and mortality, safety and toxicity and quality of life. Discussion The RACE trial compares induction chemotherapy with FLOT followed by preoperative oxaliplatin and 5-Fluorouracil-based chemoradiation versus preoperative chemotherapy with FLOT alone, both followed by surgery and postoperative completion of FLOT chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced, non-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the GEJ. The trial aims to show superiority of the combined chemotherapy/radiochemotherapy treatment, assessed by progression-free survival, over perioperative chemotherapy alone. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04375605; Registered 4th May 2020;


Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ahmed ◽  
Karun Neupane ◽  
Rabia Ashraf ◽  
Amna Khan ◽  
Moazzam Shahzad ◽  
...  

Introduction: Daratumumab (Dara) is a human anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody approved for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Dara has a promising efficacy and a favorable safety profile in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients. This study is focused on the efficacy and safety of Dara when added to the standard care regimen in transplant ineligible NDMM in phase III clinical trials. Methods: We performed a comprehensive database search on four major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Clinicaltrials.gov). Our search strategy included MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms and key words for multiple myeloma and Dara including trade names and generic names from date of inception to May 2020. Initial search revealed 587 articles. After excluding review articles, duplicates, and non-relevant articles, two phase III clinical trials were included which reported overall response rate (ORR), and progression free survival (PFS) of transplant ineligible NDMM patients with Dara addition to standard care regimen. Odds ratios (OR) of ORR were computed and hazard ratios (HR) of PFS (along with 95% confidence intervals; CI) were extracted to compute a pooled HR using a fixed effect model in RevMan v.5.4. Results: A total of 1453 transplant ineligible NDMM patients were enrolled and evaluated in two phase III randomized clinical trials. Seven hundred and eighteen patients were in Dara group and 735 patients were in control group. Bahlis et al. (2019) studied Dara + lenolidamide (R) and dexamethasone (d) vs Rd in NDMM pts (n=737) in MAIA phase III trial. Similarly, Mateos et al. (2018) reported the role of Dara + bortezomib (V) + melphalan (M), and prednisone (P) vs VMP in NDMM pts (n=706) in a phase III trial (Alcyone). A pooled analysis of these phase III trials showed ORR (OR: 3.26, 95% CI 2.36-4.49; p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%), and progression free survival (PFS) (HR: 0.53, 95% CI 0.43-0.65; p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%). Achievement of minimal residual disease (MRD) negative status was significant in Dara based regimen as compared to control group (OR: 4.49, 95% CI 3.31-6.37; p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%). Dara addition to standard care regimen (Rd and VMP) decreased the risk of progression/death to 42% (HR: 0.58, 95% CI 0.48-0.70; p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%). The addition of Dara increased the risk of neutropenia (OR: 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.85; p &lt; 0.02, I2 = 44%), and pneumonia (OR: 2.25, 95% CI 1.54-3.29; p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 37%) vs control group. However, decreased risk of anemia (OR: 0.64, 95% CI 0.49-0.85: p &lt; 0.002, I2=30%) was observed in Dara group vs control group (Figure 1). Conclusion: Addition of Dara to the standard care regimen for transplant ineligible NDMM achieved the surrogate end points with improved efficacy and MRD negative status with manageable toxicity. However, data from more randomized controlled trials is needed. Table Disclosures Anwer: Incyte, Seattle Genetics, Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Celegene, Millennium Pharmaceuticals.: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.


2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10005-10005 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Le Cesne ◽  
I. Ray-Coquard ◽  
B. Bui ◽  
M. Rios ◽  
A. Adenis ◽  
...  

10005 Background: IM the first-line targeted therapy for advanced GIST, must not be interrupted after one year (yr) in responding patients (pts) and has to be given continuously until disease progression (PD) or intolerance (Blay, Le Cesne et al, ASCO 2004 and 2005). The impact on progression free survival (PFS) of IM discontinuation in long lasting responding pts is unknown. Methods: This prospective national multicenter BFR14 study was initiated in June 2002. After 3 yrs of IM 400mg/day, pts free from progression were randomly offered to continue (C arm) or interrupt (I arm) IM, with the exception of pts initially randomized in the I arm after 1 yr of IM (32 pts). Pts allocated to the I arm could restart IM (same dose) in case of PD. Primary endpoint was PFS. Pts declining randomization proceed with IM. Results: As of december 2006, 286 pts were included in this trial and up to date, 35 non progressive pts at 3 yrs were randomized, 19 and 16 in the I anc C arm respectively. Pt characteristics were well balanced between the two arms. Nine progressions were reported after a median follow-up of 5.3 months (range 0–14) in this cohort of patients. IM reintroduction in the I arm after a re-progression allowed again a tumor control (OR or SD) in all evaluable pts so far. Conclusions: An increase in the rate of PD was observed in patients randomized after 3 years of IM. The final analysis will be performed after the randomization of 50 pts. Updated results including mutational analysis will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. CRA9011-CRA9011 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Schwartzentruber ◽  
D. Lawson ◽  
J. Richards ◽  
R. M. Conry ◽  
D. Miller ◽  
...  

CRA9011 Background: In a phase II study, 13 (42%) of 31 patients with metastatic melanoma receiving high-dose (HD) IL-2 plus gp100:209–217(210M) peptide experienced objective responses (S.A. Rosenberg, et al, Nature Medicine 4: 321–327, 1998). Other studies showed a lower response rate (RR) but no randomized studies have been done. Methods: A prospective randomized phase III trial was conducted at 21 centers with 185 patients. Eligibility: stage IV or locally advanced stage III cutaneous melanoma, HLA A0201, no brain metastases, eligible for HD IL-2, and no previous HD IL-2 or gp100:209–217(210M). Arm 1 received HD IL-2 alone (720,000 IU/kg/dose) and Arm 2 gp100:209–217(210M) peptide + Montanide ISA followed by HD IL-2. The primary objective was clinical response. Secondary objectives were toxicity, disease free/progression free survival, immunologic response and quality of life. Central HLA typing, pathology review, and blinded response assessment were done at the NIH. Central data monitoring was done by The EMMES Corp. and a Data Safety Monitoring Board. Results: Numbers of patients enrolled, treated, and evaluable for response in Arm 1 were 94, 93, and 93 respectively; in Arm 2 91, 86, and 86. Toxicities were consistent with HD IL-2 ± vaccine. Investigator assessed RR showed significant improvement in overall RR for Arm 2=22.1% vs 9.7% (P=0.0223, Chi-Square) and progression free survival (PFS) in favor of Arm 2=2.9 months (1.7–4.5) vs 1.6 (1.5–1.8) (P=0.0101). Median overall survival favors Arm 2=17.6 months (11.8–26.6) vs 12.8 (8.7–16.3) (P=0.0964). Blinded response review is ongoing. Conclusions: RR and PFS were superior with peptide vaccine and HD IL-2 compared to HD IL-2 alone. This represents the first evidence of clinical benefit of vaccination in patients with melanoma. [Table: see text]


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