Impact of prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on oral HPV infections among young adults in the U.S.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6003-6003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura L. Gillison ◽  
Tatevik Broutian ◽  
Barry Graubard ◽  
Robert Pickard ◽  
Zhen-Yue Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Oral Hpv

6003 Background: The incidence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers has risen in recent decades among US men. The potential impact of HPV vaccines on oral HPV infections has yet to be evaluated in efficacy-trials or surveillance studies. Methods: To evaluate the impact of prophylactic HPV vaccination on oral HPV infections in the US population, we conducted a cross-sectional study among men and women aged 18-33 years (n = 2,627) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. We examined the effect of self-reported receipt of ≥1 vaccine dose on oral HPV infection (vaccine-types 16/18/6/11) prevalence among vaccinated vs. unvaccinated individuals. Additional outcomes included percent reduction in infection-prevalence among vaccinated individuals and population-level effectiveness of vaccination. Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design. Comparisons between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were conducted using binary logistic regression, with adjustment for age, gender, and race. Statistical significance was assessed using a quasi-score test. Results: During 2011-2014, 18.3% of the US population aged 18-33 years reported receipt of ≥1 HPV vaccine-dose prior to age 26 (29.2% in women and 6.9% in men; P< 0.001). The prevalence (population-weighted) of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections was significantly reduced in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated individuals (0.11% vs. 1.61%; P= 0.008), corresponding to an estimated 88.2% (95%CI = 5.7%-98.5%) reduction in prevalence. Notably, oral HPV16/18/6/11 prevalence was significantly reduced in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated men (0.0% vs. 2.13%; P= 0.007). In contrast, prevalence for 33 non-vaccine HPV types was similar (3.98% vs. 4.74%; P= 0.24). Accounting for HPV vaccine-uptake, the population-level effectiveness of HPV vaccination on the burden of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections was 17.0% overall, 25.0% in women and 6.9% in men. Conclusions: HPV vaccination substantially reduced vaccine-type oral HPV infection prevalence among young adults (ages 18-33 years) in the US population during 2011-2014. However, due to low vaccine uptake, population-level effectiveness was modest overall and particularly low in men.

scholarly journals Effect of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination on Oral HPV Infections Among Young Adults in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil K. Chaturvedi ◽  
Barry I. Graubard ◽  
Tatevik Broutian ◽  
Robert K.L. Pickard ◽  
Zhen-Yue Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
The Us ◽  
Oral Hpv ◽  
Level Effect

Purpose The incidence of human papilloma virus (HPV)–positive oropharyngeal cancers has risen rapidly in recent decades among men in the United States. We investigated the US population–level effect of prophylactic HPV vaccination on the burden of oral HPV infection, the principal cause of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of men and women 18 to 33 years of age (N = 2,627) within the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014, a representative sample of the US population. Oral HPV infection with vaccine types 16, 18, 6, or 11 was compared by HPV vaccination status, as measured by self-reported receipt of at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design and were adjusted for age, sex, and race. Statistical significance was assessed using a quasi-score test. Results Between 2011 and 2014, 18.3% of the US population 18 to 33 years of age reported receipt of at least one dose of the HPV vaccine before the age of 26 years (29.2% in women and 6.9% in men; P < .001). The prevalence of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections was significantly reduced in vaccinated versus unvaccinated individuals (0.11% v 1.61%; Padj = .008), corresponding to an estimated 88.2% (95% CI, 5.7% to 98.5%) reduction in prevalence after model adjustment for age, sex, and race. Notably, the prevalence of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections was significantly reduced in vaccinated versus unvaccinated men (0.0% v 2.13%; Padj = .007). Accounting for vaccine uptake, the population-level effect of HPV vaccination on the burden of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections was 17.0% overall, 25.0% in women, and 6.9% in men. Conclusion HPV vaccination was associated with reduction in vaccine-type oral HPV prevalence among young US adults. However, because of low vaccine uptake, the population-level effect was modest overall and particularly low in men.

scholarly journals The Role of Vaccination Interventions to Promote HPV Vaccine Uptake Rates in a College-Aged Population: a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Ou ◽  
Shawn D. Youngstedt
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Aged Population

Abstract This systematic review provided synthesized evidence regarding the effectiveness of the interventions promoting the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in college-aged population. The HPV infection is the most prevailing sexually transmitted disease. Despite the availability and effectiveness of the 9-Valent HPV vaccine, the vaccine coverage among young adults remained low. In witness to the increasing burden of HPV-related infections and cancers, research focused on the vaccination interventions should be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the vaccination strategy and address the gap. The search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAL. Studies were included if they (1) included vaccination programs, (2) target population was young adults aged 17–26, (3) examined factors associated with the intervention effectiveness, (4) were published in English, and (5) were published between February 2010 and February 2020. HPV-related knowledge and intentions toward HPV vaccination were all reported increased after the intervention. Increased HPV vaccination intentions were found associated with the increased vaccine initiation and completion. Among bisexual or homosexual individuals, females were found more likely to complete the HPV dose 2 and 3. The review findings suggested using vaccination interventions incorporated with educational components to promote vaccine uptake among young adults. Supportive interventions tailored to different populations and settings are crucial to address the suboptimal HPV-related knowledge and vaccination status among the young beneficiaries.

scholarly journals Beliefs and Knowledge Related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine among African Americans and African Immigrants Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebola Adegboyega ◽  
Omoadoni Obielodan ◽  
Amanda Wiggins ◽  
Mark Dignan ◽  
Lovoria B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
African Immigrants ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Hpv Knowledge ◽  
Hpv Vaccine Uptake

Abstract Background: Despite the disparate Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rates among sexually active black young adults, HPV vaccine uptake remains low among this population. This study aimed to explore HPV beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge among black young adults and provide recommendations on ways to improve vaccine uptake.Methods: We used a mixed-method, convergent design to conduct five focus groups and administered a 40-item electronic survey that was developed with Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs. We assessed HPV and vaccine knowledge, barriers, and attitudes toward vaccination. We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive statistics and bivariate methods. Focus group transcripts were analyzed using content analysis. Results were integrated to obtain a better understanding of the topic.Results: Forty individuals participated in the study. The mean age was 22.2±4.5 years and 55% identified as African immigrants. Integrated data revealed themes mapped to relevant HBM constructs. Almost one third (32.5%) of participants were unaware of their susceptibility to HPV infection and its severity. From focus group discussions, the majority (75%) believed that vaccines are beneficial. Major cues to action include promoting HPV vaccine uptake via community wide informational sessions, provider recommendation, and social and mass media campaigns. Conclusion: Barriers to vaccine uptake, limited HPV knowledge, and lack of vaccine recommendation are important factors contributing to low vaccine uptake among black young adults. Interventions to decrease barriers to HPV vaccination, increase HPV knowledge, address misconceptions, and unfavorable beliefs are needed to promote to promote HPV vaccine uptake.

scholarly journals Polish Medical Students’ Knowledge Regarding Human Papillomavirus’s Ways of Transmission, Risk of Cancer Development and Vaccination, and Their Intention to Recommend Vaccination

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Tomasz Milecki ◽  
Maciej Michalak ◽  
Jakub Milecki ◽  
Michał Michalak ◽  
Radosław Kadziszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
General Level ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with six types of cancer in men and women. A vaccine against HPV, preferably administered before initial sexual intercourse, has been proven to be highly effective in preventing these cancers. An effective healthcare provider recommendation has significant influence on HPV vaccine uptake; therefore, it is critical that medical students receive comprehensive training in this area. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of medical students regarding Human Papillomavirus’s (HPV) ways of transmission, risk of cancer development, and vaccination against HPV. This study also investigated factors among medical students that would affect their intention to recommend HPV vaccination to others. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 1061 (678 women and 383 men) medical students who filled in our questionnaire. The medical students were divided into two subgroups: (1) pre-clinical medical students (MS pre-clinical; first-to third-year students; n = 683) and (2) clinical medical students (MS clinical; fourth-to six-year students; n = 378). Results: A total259 (24.41%) of the 1061 medical students were vaccinated against HPV. We found a significant improvement in the general level of knowledge in the later years of education (4–6) compared to the early years of education (1–3). However, it was demonstrated that, despite medical education advancements, there are still significant gaps of knowledge about the relationship between HPV infection and cancers other than cervical cancer, as well as in relation to the routes by which HPV is transmitted. Medical students’ intentions to recommend HPV vaccine to others were related to their own HPV-related knowledge and their own vaccination status. Conclusion: Medical students have gaps of knowledge regarding particular issues and aspects of HPV. It is necessary to further educate medical students in the field of prevention and in the treatment of lesions caused by HPV infection. Medical students’ intention to recommend the HPV vaccine can be improved by including them and members of their families in the HPV vaccination program.

Attitudinal Correlates of HPV Vaccination in College Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110452
Author(s):  
Monica L. Kasting ◽  
Shannon M. Christy ◽  
Madison E. Stout ◽  
Gregory D. Zimet ◽  
Catherine E. Mosher
Keyword(s):  
College Women ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Hierarchical Logistic Regression ◽  
Hpv Vaccine Uptake

This study examined associations between general attitudes toward seeking medical care, attitudes about vaccines/fear of shots, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake and intentions in college women. Hypothesized associations were framed by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Participants ( N = 330, mean age = 18.9 years, 75% White) completed a one-time survey. The majority (61%; n = 201) had received ≥1 HPV vaccine dose. Hierarchical logistic regression examined relationships between attitudes and vaccine uptake. Pearson correlation coefficients and Kruskal-Wallis tests examined associations between attitudes and vaccine intentions. Results were partially consistent with the TPB. In the final model, perceived benefits, but not fear of shots, were associated with vaccine uptake. Among the unvaccinated, perceived benefits, but not fear of shots, were associated with vaccine intentions. Provider recommendation was the strongest predictor of vaccine uptake. Findings suggest interventions incorporating discussion of perceived benefits and provider recommendation may improve HPV vaccine receipt among college women.

scholarly journals A narrative review on HPV vaccination among boys and men

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Vinod K Ramani ◽  
Radheshyam Naik
Keyword(s):  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
The Cost

Apart from cervical cancer, Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with head and neck as well as other anogenital cancers such as vulva, vagina, anus, and penis. HPV vaccine provides specific protection against the disease and its subsequent manifestations.Vaccination programs for men tend to improve population-level control of HPV infection and directly prevent HPV related disease such as anogenital warts and oropharyngeal cancers in males. HPV vaccine does not treat existing infection or lesions/cancer and is intended for individuals before initiation fo sexual activity or any other form of exposure to HPV.Many programs across the globe do not include vaccination for boys because of the cost and little recognition of the emerging epidemic of HPV associated cancers in men. In the Indian context, as screening is not feasible for non-cervical HPV associated cancers, its incidence mostly among men will continue to rise until the present generation of vaccinated adolescents reaches their middle-age.Vaccination will reduce transmission rates and increase herd immunity. This in-turn, will prevent not just cervical cancers but also other HPV-associated malignancies among men and women.

P033 POPULATION-LEVEL HPV VACCINATION COVERAGE AMONG U.S. ADULT IBD PATIENTS: STILL NOT ENOUGH

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S65-S65
Author(s):  
Ryan Suk ◽  
Heetae Suk ◽  
Keith Sigel ◽  
Kalyani Sonawane ◽  
Ashish Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Population Estimate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Old Patients

Abstract Background Evidence suggests that the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients may have an elevated risk of Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers when compared with those without IBD. HPV vaccination has been recommended for 11 to 26 years old males and females. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has updated the guideline to include adults aged 27 to 45 who are not adequately vaccinated. To the best of our knowledge, population-level HPV vaccine uptake rates among patients with IBD remains unknown. Methods We used 2015–2016 National Health Information Survey (NHIS) data to assess the HPV vaccination coverage among people with IBD in the US. Weighted counts and percentages were estimated using survey design for the population-level results. We identified those who reportedly were told by a doctor or healthcare professional that they have IBD. Then we stratified the patients into two age groups: HPV-vaccine eligible age group (age 18–26) and newly approved age group (age 27–45). Our outcome was vaccine coverage status assessed as vaccine initiation age and number of doses. When the initiation age was less than 15, two doses were defined as “completed” and when the age was 15 and older, three doses were defined as “completed”. When the participants had initiated the vaccine but have not completed all the required doses according to their initiation age, it was defined as “incomplete” while no dose was defined as “no vaccine”. We estimated the coverage rate by age group and sex. We used Wald chi-square test to examine differences in completion rate by sex. Results We identified 951 participants (population estimate: 3,121,387) who self-reportedly had IBD. Among those, 51 persons (population estimate: 191,830) were HPV vaccine-eligible aged and 219 persons (population estimate: 859,711) were newly approved aged. Only 3.2% men while 63.2% of eligible women completed vaccination series as recommended. Eligible men had higher rates of incompletion compared to women (13.8% vs 1.3%). A higher proportion of vaccine-eligible men (83.0%) did not initiate the HPV vaccine compared to women (35.5%) (p=0.001). Among the newly approved age group, only 0.5% of men completed vaccine and 1.3% did not complete their doses. In women, 2.3% was complete with the doses and 9.6% initiated but did not complete the vaccine (p &lt;0.001). Conclusion IBD patients might greatly benefit from receiving HPV vaccination given the possibly high risk of HPV-associated cancers. However, the coverage for vaccine-eligible IBD patients was not enough and much lower than the goal of 80% coverage in Healthy People 2020. Moreover, according to the updated guideline, 27 to 45 years old patients who are not adequately vaccinated would be able to catch up their vaccination. Further study needs to be focused on promoting and informing HPV vaccination in IBD patients, for both currently vaccine-eligible patients and those who are aged between 27 and 45 and not adequately vaccinated.

scholarly journals Testing Messages on Facebook to Promote Use of an HPV Educational Web-Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna E. Reno ◽  
Amanda F. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
The Us ◽  
Facebook Advertising ◽  
Web Intervention ◽  
Parallel Processing Model

In the US, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine remains underutilized leading to disparities in HPV-related diseases. Latinx have some of the highest rates of cancer caused by HPV. In a previous study, we developed a tailored-messaging based online educational intervention (CHICOS) that was found to increase HPV vaccination intention among Latinx participants. The current research uses Facebook Advertising to test the comparative effectiveness of messages designed using the Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM) to promote the use of CHICOS among Latinx young adults and parents of adolescents. We also looked at differences in the effectiveness of messages that highlighted HPV-related cancers, genital warts, or a control condition as well as differences in Spanish vs. English messages. Results found Latinx young adults and parents, were more likely to click on Facebook Advertisements containing messages in Spanish and those that mention cancer risks pertinent to this population compared to those in English or messages that discuss genital warts. Thus, findings suggest that Facebook Advertising has the potential to be a useful tool for motivating information seeking online about HPV vaccination.

HPV vaccination and factors influencing vaccine uptake among people of Indian ancestry living in the United States.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
Philip Ratnasamy ◽  
Anees B. Chagpar
Keyword(s):  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Mixed Ancestry ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Vaccine Initiation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Hpv Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Black Other

126 Background: Despite HPV vaccine availability, approximately one-third of annual global cervical cancer deaths occur in India. This may be related to cultural norms that lead to vaccine hesitancy. We sought to determine whether people of Indian ancestry (POIA) who move to the US continue to have disproportionately lower HPV vaccination rates than the rest of the US population and factors that influence HPV vaccine uptake in this group. Methods: The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) is the largest source of health information for Americans and is designed to be representative of the entire civilian non-institutionalized US population. We utilized the 2018 NHIS to compare HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates between POIA and the general US population and factors correlating with HPV vaccine uptake in this group. Results: There were 17,004 people, representing 185,065,802 in the population, who were between the ages of 18-64 and who responded to questions regarding racial ancestry and HPV vaccination. Of this cohort, 1.69% identified themselves as being of Indian ancestry. Compared to other racial groups, POIA had a significantly lower rate of HPV vaccination (8.18% vs. 12.16%, 14.70%, 16.07%, and 12.41%, in White, Black, Other Asian, and those of other/mixed ancestry, respectively, p = 0.003). However, of those who received one HPV shot there was no difference in vaccine series completion between racial groups (3.17% vs. 4.27%, 3.51%, 4.31%, and 5.04% for POIA vs. White, Black, Other Asian, and those of other/mixed ancestry, respectively, p = 0.465). Among POIA, younger individuals and those who were single were more likely to obtain HPV vaccination (vaccination rates of 38.12%, 6.45% and 1.79% for ages 18-25, 26-45, and 46-64, respectively, p = 0.018, and 29.53% vs. 3.11% for single vs. married, respectively, p = 0.006). All individuals who were vaccinated had some form of health insurance (p = 0.020). Those born in the US had a higher rate of vaccination than those who were not (p = 0.019); however, duration of residence in the US did not influence vaccination rates among POIA (p = 0.502). While high levels of English proficiency were associated with a higher vaccination rate (p = 0.029), education status was not correlated (p = 0.231). Interestingly, both male and female POIA had equivalent rates of vaccination (3.12% and 2.81%, respectively, p = 0.949). Conclusions: POIA are significantly less likely to receive HPV vaccination than the general US population but are equally likely to complete the vaccine series if initiated. Age, insurance status, being born in the US, English speaking proficiency, and marital status significantly influence HPV vaccine initiation among POIA. These data suggest that public health measures promoting HPV vaccination among POIA immigrants may significantly improve vaccination rates among this population.

scholarly journals Knowledge, perception and utilization of cervical cancer screening and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among immigrants and refugees in Central Ohio

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henon Gebre ◽  
Senya Ghamli ◽  
Frederica Jackson ◽  
Bhakti Chavan ◽  
Caroline Kingori
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee

Background: Immigrants in the US are at higher risk of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer compared to the general US population. Low awareness surrounding cervical cancer inhibits associated preventive practices.  Purpose: This cross-sectional study examined the association between knowledge, attitude, and utilization of health services for cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine among immigrant and refugee women in Ohio.  Method: Preliminary analyses were conducted on a total of 70 participants recruited from immigrant and refugee organizations and community centers, using a validated paper survey.  Results: There was a statistically significant association between cervical cancer screening and general knowledge on cervical cancer (p = 0.038). The study also revealed association between screening age (p < 0.001) and insurance status (p = 0.033).  Majority of the participants perceived HPV vaccine to be ineffective at preventing cervical cancer, and 40.8% participants had never heard of the vaccine and consequently had not been vaccinated. 94% participants did not receive the HPV vaccine, however, 65.3% participants indicated willingness to be vaccinated against HPV for free or at reduced cost.  Conclusion: Culturally appropriate interventions are warranted to develop effective strategies that will influence HPV screening behavior and vaccine uptake in this target population. 

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