HIV associated cancers.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18254-e18254
Author(s):  
Prabhjot Singh Bedi ◽  
Manoj P. Rai ◽  
Fawzi Abu Rous ◽  
Rohanlal Vishwanth ◽  
Nishraj Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

e18254 Background: The incidence or the prevalence of AIDS-defining cancers has reduced drastically (70% or more in the United States) since the introduction of three-drug antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the mid-1990s. However, the data from the inpatient sample is lacking. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis using data from the 2014 National Inpatient Sample database. We identified patients with either primary or secondary diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Then we identified patients with various cancers including AIDS-defining cancers. Afterward, we ran logistic regression to check the degree of association between the diagnosis of each cancer with the diagnosis of HIV during the identified hospitalizations. We also assessed the prevalence of each of the cancer among the identified HIV patients, as well as the mortality in this cohort. Results: A total of 115955 hospitalizations with a diagnosis of HIV were identified. Among them, there were 6985 hospitalizations with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 2230 with rectal and anal cancer, 1170 with Kaposi sarcoma, 870 with head and neck cancer, 865 with skin cancer, 840 with cervical cancer. Logistic regression showed odds ratio (OR) of 1632.857 (95% CI 1168 - 2284, p < 0.01) for Kaposi sarcoma, 9.13 (95% CI 5.7-14.5, p-value < 0.01) for other male cancer, 8.34 (95% CI 7.68-9.06; p-value < 0.01) for Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 6.65 (95% CI was 5.5-8, p-value < 0.01) for Hodgkin's lymphoma, 5.04 (95% CI 4.5-5.6 p < 0.01) for rectal and anal cancer, 2.33 (95% CI 1.9-2.8, p < 0.01) for cervical cancer. Mortality was statistically significant with liver cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, and Kaposi sarcoma. Conclusions: The prevalence of Kaposi sarcoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer are found to be high among hospitalized patients with HIV most likely because of nonadherence to their HIV medications. Future studies to check their correlation of these cancers with disease control is required. It is interesting to note that the prevalence of rectal and anal cancer, head and neck cancer, and skin cancer is high in this cohort.

scholarly journals Malignancy Trends in HIV-Infected Patients Over the Past 10 Years in a Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481879795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Rihana ◽  
Sowmya Nanjappa ◽  
Cara Sullivan ◽  
Ana Paula Velez ◽  
Narach Tienchai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 1995 had a dramatic impact on the morbidity and mortality of the HIV population, and subsequently, the natural history of cancer has changed. The purpose of our study was to review the prevalence of AIDS-defining malignancies and non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC), taking into consideration racial and gender variations. After the institutional review board approval, the study was conducted as a retrospective chart review of 279 HIV-infected patients who were treated at the Moffitt Cancer Center between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010. The demographic characteristics included gender, ethnicity, race, presence or absence of ART, and the type of malignancy reviewed. Of 233 men, 78 (33.5%) had AIDS-defining malignancies. AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was detected in 49 (21%) patients and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in 29 (12%) patients. Two-thirds of male patients had NADC, with anal cancer being the most prevalent (8.5%), followed by Hodgkin lymphoma (6%). AIDS-related NHL was also the predominant malignancy for women with a prevalence of 19.5% followed by invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and breast cancer, both with a similar prevalence of 11%. Kaposi sarcoma and anal cancer were equally detected in 2% of women. The prevalence rates of AIDS-defining malignancies among those of white race were 34%, ranging from 21% for NHL to 13% for KS and 1.5% for ICC. Twenty-one (7.7%) patients had anal cancer. AIDS-defining malignancies were found in 36% of patients of black race and 60% had NHL. Non-AIDS-related NHL was the second most common malignancy, followed by breast cancer and anal cancer with a similar prevalence of 6.5%. Of 279 patients, 53% were taking ART; 39.4% were not taking ART; and in 7.5% of the patients, it was unknown if they were taking ART. In the ART era, our study found NADC to be more prevalent than AIDS-defining malignancies with 60% versus 40%, respectively. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma remained the most common AIDS-related malignancy in both genders. Among the patients with NADC, anal cancer was the predominant malignancy. The increasing incidence of some of the NADC is expected as this population is living longer with chronic exposure of viral replication of virus with oncogenic potential such as Human papillomavirus (HPV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Early ART initiation, aggressive vaccination, and judicious cancer screening are the cornerstone of cancer prevention of this growing population.

scholarly journals Cancer risk among adolescents and young adults living with HIV in South Africa: a national cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Ruffieux ◽  
Tafadzwa Dhokotera ◽  
Mazvita Muchengeti ◽  
Lina Bartels ◽  
Victor Olago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Background: We studied the incidence of and risk factors for various types of cancers in adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALWH) in South Africa between 2004 and 2014. Methods: We included individuals aged 15 to 24 years from the South African HIV Cancer Match study, a large cohort resulting from a linkage between HIV-related laboratory measurements from the National Health Laboratory Services and records from the National Cancer Registry. We computed incidence rates for the most common cancers. We assessed associations between these cancers and sex, age, calendar year, and CD4 cell count using Cox models and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR).Findings: We included 782,454 AYALWH (89% female). Of those, 867 developed incident cancer including 429 who developed Kaposi sarcoma, 107 non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 48 Hodgkin lymphoma, 45 cervical cancer, and 32 leukaemia. Kaposi sarcoma was more common in the 20-24 year age group than the 15-19 year age group (aHR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.86). Male sex was associated with higher rates of Kaposi sarcoma (aHR 2.06, 95% CI 1.61-2.63), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (aHR 3.17, 95% CI 2.06-4.89), Hodgkin lymphoma (aHR 4.83, 95% 2.61-8.93), and leukaemia (aHR 5.90, 95% CI 2.87-12.1). Lower CD4 cell counts at baseline were associated with higher rates of Kaposi sarcoma, cervical cancer, non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma.Interpretation: Infection-related cancers are the most common cancer types among AYALWH in South Africa. The burden of these cancers may be reduced through HPV vaccination, targeted HIV testing, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy, and improvement of treatment adherence.

scholarly journals Effects of in IL-1B/IL-1RN variants on the susceptibility to head and neck cancer in a chinese Han population

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhai Yin ◽  
Fen Li ◽  
Liangqian Tong ◽  
Chunru Chen ◽  
Bo Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Chinese Han Population ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Han Population ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background The study aimed to evaluate the relationship of IL-1B/IL-1RN polymorphisms to the predisposition of head and neck cancer (HNC) in a Chinese Han population. Methods Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-1B/IL-1RN were genotyped based on Agena MassARRAY platform. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the genetic association between these SNPs and HNC risk by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Haplotype analysis were performed using Haploview program and logistic regression model. Results The genetic association between rs1143643 in IL-1B and the higher risk of HNC was found (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.46) in the overall. IL-1RN rs17042888 was related to a reduced risk of HNC in the subjects aged > 46 years (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.50–0.98) and in females (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.98), while rs1143643 increased the predisposition of HNC among females (OR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.13–2.74). Furthermore, rs1143643 had an increased susceptibility to thyroid carcinoma (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.10–2.34). Moreover, compared with stage I–II, the frequency of IL-1RN rs452204-AG genotype was lower in patients with stage III–IV. Conclusions IL-1B (rs1143643) and IL-1RN (rs17042888 and rs452204) polymorphisms might be related to the individual susceptibility of HNC in the Chinese Han population. These results might help to improve the understanding of IL-1B and IL-1RN genes in the occurrence of HNC.

Head and Neck Involvement in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

2004 ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Hull ◽  
Ilona M. Schmalfuss ◽  
Nancy Price Mendenhall
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Large Scale Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Immune and Inflammation Genes and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 817-817
Author(s):  
James R. Cerhan ◽  
Stephen M. Ansell ◽  
Zachary S. Fredericksen ◽  
Neil E. Kay ◽  
Mark Liebow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Individual Snps ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a malignancy of lymphocytes, and may develop in the setting of inflammation and immune dysfunction. Small scale evaluations have suggested that common genetic variation in candidate genes related to immune function may predispose to the development of NHL. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of variants within genes associated with immunity and inflammation and risk of NHL. Methods: We used ParAllele’s Immune and Inflammation panel of 9,412 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 1,450 immune/inflammation genes as a discovery tool in a clinic-based study of 458 NHL cases and 484 frequency matched controls seen at the Mayo Clinic from 2002–2005. The panel included 537 coding non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs), with the remainder of the SNPs selected as tags from HapMap (tagSNPs) to provide coverage of the candidate genes (r2 = 0.8 and minor allele frequency &gt;0.05). To assess the association of individual SNPs with risk of NHL, we calculated Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for age and gender. The most prevalent homozygous genotype was used as the reference group, and each polymorphism was modeled individually as having a log-additive effect in the regression model. Associations between haplotypes from each gene and the risk of NHL were calculated using a score test implemented in HAPLO.SCORE. We also modeled the main effects for all independent (r2 &lt;0.25) SNPs from a gene in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 60 years for cases and 58% were male; in controls the mean age at enrollment was 61.6 years and 55% were male. In the gene analyses, the strongest findings (p≤0.001 from multiple SNP logistic regression or haplotype analysis) were for cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1; p=0.0004), fibrinogen alpha chain (FGA; p=0.0006), TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1; p=0.001), dual specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2; p=0.001), and fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG; p=0.001). In the nsSNP analyses, the strongest findings (p≤0.01) were for integrin β3 (ITGB3) L59P (OR=0.64, 0.50–0.83), Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 (B3GNT3) H328R (OR=0.72, 0.57–0.91), transporter 2, ATP-binding cassette (TAP2) T665A (OR=1.32, 1.07–1.63), HLA-B associated transcript 2 (BAT2) V1895L (OR=0.60, 0.42–0.85), and complement component 7 (C7) T587P (OR=1.39, 1.07–1.80). Conclusions. Our results suggest that genetic variability in genes associated with antigen processing (CREB1 and TAP2), lymphocyte trafficking (B3GNT3), immune activation (TRAF1, BAT2), complement and coagulation pathways (FGA, FGG, ITGB3, C7), and MAPK signaling (DUSP2) may be important in the etiology of NHL, and should be pursued in replication studies.

Cardiac Outcomes in a Prospective Cohort of Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 2656-2656
Author(s):  
Carrie A. Thompson ◽  
Hongxiu Luo ◽  
Matthew J Maurer ◽  
Cristine Allmer ◽  
Thomas M. Habermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
P Value ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Abstract 2656 Background Treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) can lead to development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to describe the cumulative incidence of CVD in adult NHL survivors diagnosed in the recent treatment era (since 2002) and identify clinical and treatment predictors for its development. Methods All patients were from the Mayo component of the Molecular Epidemiology Resource (MER) of the University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic Lymphoma Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE). The MER offers enrollment to all consecutive patients with newly diagnosed NHL who are US residents and age >18 years. Clinical data from the time of diagnosis and treatment data are abstracted from medical records using a standard protocol. Patients are prospectively contacted via telephone or in person per protocol every 6 months for the first 3 years from diagnosis and yearly afterwards to assess disease status and development of comorbid conditions. CVD events, including heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), arrhythmia, pericarditis, and valvular heart disease, occurring after diagnosis were identified during follow-up and validated against medical records. HF was validated with the Cardiovascular Health Study Criteria and/or the Framingham Criteria. MI was validated using case definition standards of coronary heart disease, while arrhythmia, pericarditis, and valvular heart disease were validated using clinical definitions. The prevalence of CVD and associations between CVD and clinical characteristics (sex, age) and treatment (radiation, anthracyclines) were performed using Cox models with a competing risk approach. Results 1164 patients with NHL were enrolled into the MER at Mayo Clinic between 9/1/2002–2/28/2008. 646 were male (56%) and median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range 20–93). Median follow-up of all cases was 59 months (range 1–105). 131 patients reported CVD prior to the diagnosis of NHL and were excluded from analyses. An additional 76 patients did not have follow-up and were excluded. Of the 957 remaining patients, 75 (7.8%) self-reported a new diagnosis of CVD. Of these, 71 cases had available medical records. 57 of the 71 reviewed cases (80%) were validated (18 HF, 9 MI, 21 arrhythmia, 2 pericarditis, and 10 valvular heart disease). Cumulative incidence of CVD at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years was 1.3%, 3.7%, 5.2%, and 7.4%, respectively. Median time from NHL diagnosis to CVD was 26.5 months (range 1–84). Older age was associated with increased risk of overall CVD (p-value<0.001). Gender (p=0.59), radiation therapy (p=0.61), and anthracycline treatment (p=0.25) were not associated with the incidence of overall CVD. Among types of CVD, anthracycline use was associated with development of HF (HR=5.30; p-value=0.008) and arrhythmia (HR=2.68; p-value=0.04). Radiation was associated with development of arrhythmia (HR=2.73; p-value=0.03), while older age was associated with development of HF (HR=1.36 per 5 year increment; p-value=0.003) and arrhythmia (HR=1.25 per 5 year increment; p-value=0.02). Conclusions The risk of CVD in patients with NHL is approximately 1% per year after the initial diagnosis of lymphoma. The most commonly occurring CVDs in this cohort of NHL survivors were arrhythmia and HF. Treatment with anthracyclines and radiation are associated with increased risk of developing some types of CVD. 80% of self-reported CVD events in NHL survivors were validated using epidemiologic criteria. Future studies will include building models incorporating comorbid health conditions and lifestyle factors to determine risk of CVD as well as the impact of CVD on quality of life. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Fatigue in long-term non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
Kathryn Elizabeth Hudson ◽  
Habtamu Kassa Benecha ◽  
Kevin Leo Houck ◽  
Thomas William LeBlanc ◽  
Amy P Abernethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
College Education ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Persistent Fatigue

239 Background: Fatigue is a common and distressing effect of cancer and its treatment, potentially affecting quality of life (QOL) for years after treatment. However, the prevalence and persistence of fatigue among long-term survivors of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remains unknown. We aimed to identify demographic, clinical, and psychosocial risk factors for persistent fatigue in this population. Methods: In 2010, surveys were mailed to 682 NHL survivors who participated in a study 5 years earlier; respondents were, on average, 10.4 years post diagnosis. Standardized measures of QOL, symptoms, medical history, and demographic variables were reported at both time points. We defined significant fatigue conservatively as 0.5 standard deviations below the SF-36 scale’s cutoff for fatigue, and we defined persistent fatigue as significant fatigue at both time points. Chi-square, t-tests, and logistic regression were used to determine risk factors and predictors for persistent fatigue. Results: 30.8% (n = 172) and 33.0% (n = 186) of patients reported significant fatigue at time point 1 and 2, respectively; 20% of patients had persistent fatigue. Patients with persistent fatigue were more likely to report: female gender, income < $30,000, less than college education, less exercise, active disease, chemotherapy, at least one recurrence of their disease, less social support, an average of 3.8 more comorbidities, and significantly more posttraumatic stress than those without persistent fatigue (all p < .05). Logistic regression showed that education less than college, more comorbidities, less exercise, and more posttraumatic stress were independent predictors of persistent fatigue (all p < .05). Conclusions: Fatigue plagues one-third of NHL survivors and persists in one-fifth of this population even years after diagnosis. These findings could inform clinical practice in NHL survivorship and highlight targets for intervention.

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