Glutathione in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 231-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianni Benzi ◽  
Antonio Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Aging

scholarly journals Molecular and cellular pathways contributing to brain aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliabbas Zia ◽  
Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
Aging Mechanisms ◽  
Oxidatively Modified ◽  
Biology Of Aging

AbstractAging is the leading risk factor for several age-associated diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the biology of aging mechanisms is essential to the pursuit of brain health. In this regard, brain aging is defined by a gradual decrease in neurophysiological functions, impaired adaptive neuroplasticity, dysregulation of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis, neuroinflammation, and oxidatively modified molecules and organelles. Numerous pathways lead to brain aging, including increased oxidative stress, inflammation, disturbances in energy metabolism such as deregulated autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and IGF-1, mTOR, ROS, AMPK, SIRTs, and p53 as central modulators of the metabolic control, connecting aging to the pathways, which lead to neurodegenerative disorders. Also, calorie restriction (CR), physical exercise, and mental activities can extend lifespan and increase nervous system resistance to age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. The neuroprotective effect of CR involves increased protection against ROS generation, maintenance of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and inhibition of apoptosis. The recent evidence about the modem molecular and cellular methods in neurobiology to brain aging is exhibiting a significant potential in brain cells for adaptation to aging and resistance to neurodegenerative disorders.

Nitric Oxide and Cellular Stress Response in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders

2007 ◽  
pp. 115-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Calabrese ◽  
Cesare Mancuso ◽  
Carlo De Marco ◽  
Anna Maria Giuffrida Stella ◽  
D. Allan Butterfield
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Cellular Stress ◽  
Cellular Stress Response

scholarly journals Adolescence and Aging: Impact of Adolescence Inflammatory Stress and Microbiota Alterations on Brain Development, Aging, and Neurodegeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1251-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Yahfoufi ◽  
Chantal Matar ◽  
Nafissa Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
Immune Challenges

Abstract Puberty/adolescence is a critical phase during neurodevelopment with numerous structural, neurochemical, and molecular changes occurring in response to genetic and environmental signals. A consequence of this major neuronal reorganizing and remodeling is a heightened level of vulnerability to stressors and immune challenges. The gut microbiota is a fundamental modulator of stress and immune responses and has been found to play a role in mental health conditions and neurodegenerative disorders. Environmental insults (stress, infection, neuroinflammation, and use of antibiotics) during adolescence can result in dysbiosis subsidizing the development of brain disorders later in life. Also, pubertal neuroinflammatory insults can alter neurodevelopment, impact brain functioning in an enduring manner, and contribute to neurological disorders related to brain aging, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and depression. Exposure to probiotics during puberty can mitigate inflammation, reverse dysbiosis, and decrease vulnerabilities to brain disorders later in life. The goal of this review is to reveal the consequences of pubertal exposure to stress and immune challenges on the gut microbiota, immune reactivity within the brain, and the risk or resilience to stress-induced mental illnesses and neurodegenerative disorders. We propose that the consumption of probiotics during adolescence contribute to the prevention of brain pathologies in adulthood.

scholarly journals Brain Aging and Gut–Brain Axis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohajeri
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
And Function

In the last decade, the microbiome in general and the gut microbiome in particular have been associated not only to brain development and function, but also to the pathophysiology of brain aging and to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), depression, or multiple sclerosis (MS) [...]

scholarly journals Can Controlled Vestibular Stimulation Delay Brain Aging?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Kumar Sai Sailesh ◽  
Rose Usha ◽  
Padmanabha Padmanabha ◽  
Jobby Abraham ◽  
Mukkadan J K
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Acetyl Choline ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
First Order ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Brain Changes

Aging is believed to be a first-order risk factor for most neurodegenerative disorders. Brain changes do not occur to the same extent in all brain regions.7 Men and women may also differ with frontal and temporal lobes most affected in men compared with the hippocampus and parietal lobes in women. The neurotransmitters most often discussed with regard to ageing are dopamine, serotonin and acetyl-choline. Vestibular stimulation modulates the neuro-transmitters which are involved in brain aging and delay aging. Hence we recommend controlled vestibular stimulation to all. This in the need of time to identify the importance of vestibular system and to start translational research in this area.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Potential of GDF11: Myth or Reality?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Rochette ◽  
Gabriel Malka
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

In the brain, aging is accompanied by cellular and functional deficiencies that promote vulnerability to neurodegenerative disorders. In blood plasma from young and old animals, various factors such as growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), whose levels are elevated in young animals, have been identified. The blood concentrations of these factors appear to be inversely correlated with the age-related decline of neurogenesis. The identification of GDF11 as a “rejuvenating factor” opens up perspectives for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. As a pro-neurogenic and pro-angiogenic agent, GDF11 may constitute a basis for novel therapeutic strategies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document