Pod Growth and Yield | ScienceGate

SummaryThe growth and yield of four crops of field bean cv. Maris Bead in response to irrigation and sowing date were analysed in relation to leaf area expansion and senescence and their absorption and utilization of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Total dry matter (D.M.) production and seed yield were strongly correlated with total green area duration (GAD) and post-flowering GAD respectively.Total D.M. production was also strongly related to radiation absorbed by the green surfaces of the crop although autumn sowing and drought both decreased the constant of proportionality, i.e. the growth efficiency (Eg). Autumn sowings yielded more than spring sowings because they grew for longer and received 22% more radiation. Their harvest index was also about 40% higher than in spring sowings. These more than compensated for their smaller Eg. Drought decreased yield mainly by decreasing radiation received and Eg. Growth duration was shorter and harvest index was smaller.The rate of phenological development was strongly dependent upon temperature and to a lesser extent on photoperiod. The average thermal duration from emergence to flowering was 790 °Cd above a base of 0 °C. The time from sowing to the end of the pod growth was well represented by a simple multiplicative model in which development rate was a linear function of temperature above a base of 0 °C and photoperiod above a base of 6 h. The average photothermal duration required for 10 crops was 980 °Cd.An attempt was also made to determine the crop physiological and environmental factors which govern the change in size of the yield components of field bean crops caused by irrigation and sowing date. The final number of pods per plant was closely correlated with the rate of supply of assimilates during pod filling. Irrigation increased assimilate flux by increasing leaf area, growth rate and total dry matter during pod growth. Both the rate and duration of pod growth were little affected by irrigation. Autumn sowings produced heavier pods and beans due to both a faster rate and a longer duration of growth which were associated with a greater production of assimilate during the seed growth period. Seed growth depends on both the current assimilate and stored reserves, the latter especially when plants were subjected to environmental stress.

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Humic Acid and Biofertilizer Applications Enhanced Pod and Cocoa Bean Production during the Dry Season at Kaliwining Plantation, Jember, East Java, Indonesia

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.6.03.153-163 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (03) ◽

pp. 153-163

Author(s):

Fadil Rohman ◽

Ade Wachjar ◽

Edi Santosa ◽

Soetanto Abdoellah

Keyword(s):

Humic Acid ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Theobroma Cacao ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Cocoa Bean ◽

Mature Tree ◽

Bean Yield ◽

Theobroma Cacao L ◽

Pod Growth ◽

Bean Weight

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important crop in Indonesia, but many farmers still face problem in improving bean production. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of humic acid and biofertilizer applications on pod growth and yield of cocoa. The research was conducted at Kaliwining Plantation managed by Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute at Jember District, East Java, Indonesia from June 2017 to February 2018. The experiment used mature tree of Sulawesi from one clone. Treatment used were humic acid at level of 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm in combination with biofertilizer at level of 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm that were applied through soil and foliar respectively. Results of this experiment showed that there was an interaction between humic acid and biofertilizer on beans number per plant and photosynthesis rate. Plants treated with 1000 ppm humic acid produced the highest number of small cherelle. Biofertilizer applied at 1500 ppm increased cherelle number, healthy cherelle, number of young pods, number of harvested pods, bean weight per plant and bean yield. The combination of 1000 ppm humic acid and 1500 ppm biofertilizer increased bean production by 39.7%. The high bean production was in line with the high photosynthetic rate. Thus, humic acid and biofertilizer applications could be a way to increase cocoa bean production in this area.

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Influence of sowing date and irrigation on the growth and yield of pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in a sub-humid temperate environment

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859699007248 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 134 (1) ◽

pp. 33-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H. K. DAPAAH ◽

B. A. McKENZIE ◽

G. D. HILL

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Irrigated Crops ◽

Pinto Beans ◽

Pod Growth

The growth and yield of pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Othello in response to a total of six sowing dates (from October to December) and irrigation was examined over two seasons in Canterbury, New Zealand. In 1994/95, two irrigation treatments (nil and full) were combined with two sowing dates (27 October and 24 November). In 1995/96, Othello was examined under two irrigation treatments (nil and full) and four sowing dates (1 November, 15 November, 29 November and 13 December). The total rainfall for the two seasons was 50% and 60% of the long-term average, respectively. The mean temperatures for the seasons were similar to the long-term average. Both irrigation and sowing date had a marked effect on growth and seed yield. Averaged over both seasons, seed yield for fully irrigated crops was 337 g/m2, c. 50% higher than the yield of unirrigated crops. The irrigated crops yielded more than the unirrigated crops because they attained greater canopy closure, intercepting 84–95% of incident radiation. They also had on the average 47% higher leaf area duration (LAD), 72% higher maximum leaf area index (LAI) and greater utilization coefficient. The mid- to late November-sown crops yielded more than the late October to early November and December-sown crops because the leaf area of the former increased most rapidly, achieved a higher maximum LAI and LAD and consequently intercepted more photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). They also had faster pod growth rates and 26% of stored assimilates contributed to pod growth compared with 13% in late October to early November and 5% in December-sown crops. The results showed that pinto beans can grow and yield well in Canterbury, and that a yield advantage could be obtained when sown in mid- to late November and with irrigation.

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Growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) grown in the marginal upland area of Sta. Rita, Samar as influenced by different planting densities and mulching materials

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr39sa4.2017 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 44-54

Author(s):

Zenaida Gonzaga ◽

Warren Obeda ◽

Ana Linda Gorme ◽

Jessie Rom ◽

Oscar Abrantes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bare Soil ◽

Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Planting Density ◽

Rice Hull ◽

Plastic Mulch ◽

Lady’S Finger ◽

Materials Used ◽

Set Up ◽

A Minor

Okra or Lady’s finger, botanically known as Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a tropical and sub-tropical indigenous vegetable crop commonly grown for its fibrous, slimy, and nutritious fruits and consumed by all classes of population. It has also several medicinal and economic values. Despite its many uses and potential value, its importance is under estimated, under-utilized, and considered a minor crop and little attention was paid to its improvement. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different planting densities and mulching materials on the growth and yield of okra grown in slightly sloping area in the marginal uplands in Sta. Rita, Samar, Philippines. A split-plot experiment was set up with planting density as main plot and the different mulching materials as the sub-plot which were: unmulched or bare soil, rice straw, rice hull, hagonoy and plastic mulch. Planting density did not significantly affect the growth and yield of okra. Regardless ofthe mulching materials used, mulched plants were taller and yielded higher compared to unmulched plants. Moreover, the use of plastic mulch resulted to the highest total fruit yield. The results indicate the potential of mulching in increasing yield and thus profitability of okra production under marginal upland conditions.

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Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr39sa3.2017 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 31-43

Author(s):

Berta Ratilla ◽

Loreme Cagande ◽

Othello Capuno

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Total N ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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