The Active Portion

1983 ◽

Vol 244 (4) ◽

pp. R573-R576 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Phyllis W. Cheung ◽

Charles E. McCormack

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Estrous Cycle ◽

Activity Rhythm ◽

Continuous Light ◽

Female Rats ◽

Locomotor Rhythm ◽

Estrous Cycles ◽

Locomotor Activity Rhythm ◽

Active Portion ◽

Free Running

Female rats exposed to low intensities (0.1–1.5 lx) of continuous light (LL), displayed regular estrous cycles and free-running circadian rhythms of locomotor activity. In most rats, as the intensity of LL was increased to >2.0 lx, components within the active portion (α) of the locomotor rhythm remained synchronized as the periodicity of the rhythm lengthened. However, in a few rats agr split into two components; one of which free-ran with a period shorter than 24 h, while the other free-ran with a period longer than 24 h. As soon as the two components became maximally separated they spontaneously rejoined. In most rats, estrous cycles ceased shortly after the intensity of LL was increased to >2.0 lx even though the locomotor activity rhythm retained its unsplit free-running nature. These observations suggest that the multiple oscillators that control the rhythms of locomotor activity and the estrous cycle are normally coupled to one another. In certain intensities of LL, these oscillators uncouple and free-run with different periodicities, a condition which causes estrous cycles to cease and sometimes produces a split locomotor activity rhythm. circadian rhythm; oscillators; estrous cycle Submitted on November 9, 1981 Accepted on October 11, 1982

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The Complement-fixation test in bilharziasis I. The value of different extracts of Schistosoma mansoni and Fasciola hepatica worms as antigens

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000019077 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 44 (3-4) ◽

pp. 407-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Eliakim ◽

A. Michael Davies

Keyword(s):

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Skin Tests ◽

Insoluble Residue ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Alcohol Extract ◽

Acetone Insoluble ◽

Antigenic Activity ◽

Homologous Antigen ◽

Active Portion ◽

Hebrew University

1. Different extracts of adult worms of S. mansoni and F. hepatica have been examined in the C.F.T. for bilharziasis. Extracts of S. mansoni worms in Coca's solution, alcohol-ether and absolute alcohol after acetone extraction possess high antigenic activity, the first being the most specific but less sensitive than the others. Extracts in Coca's solution of alcohol-ether insoluble residues still showed slight activity while acetone and polysaccharide (formamide) extracts showed none.2. Using the Coca's extract of S. mansoni worms, the C.F.T. was positive in 83% of sera of untreated patients and 58% of treated. The figures using the alcohol-ether extract were 13 and 4% respectively and, for the alcoholic extract of acetone insoluble residue, 42 and 13%.3. Extracts of F. hepatica worms showed the same general trend, but even in the two extracts to show activity (alcohol-ether and alcohol extract of acetone insoluble material) the titre was too low for use in the test.4. Of rabbits immunized with three different fractions of S. mansoni worms only that given the Coca extract showed complement-fixing antibodies and then only with the homologous antigen. Skin tests on the rabbits were negative to each of the antigens used.5. The nature of the antigen in the C.F.T. is discussed, and it is suggested that the active portion is lipo-protein in nature or more than one substance is involved. For use in clinical diagnosis, an extract of S. mansoni worms in Coca's solution is recommended.Our grateful thanks are due to Mr O. D. Standen of the Wellcome Laboratories of Tropical Medicine, London, for his generous gift of worm powder, and to Professor G. Witenberg of the Hebrew University for his interest in our work.

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STUDIES ON ENZYME ACTION

The Journal of General Physiology ◽

10.1085/jgp.10.1.1 ◽

1926 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Helen Miller Noyes ◽

I. Lorberblatt ◽

K. George Falk

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Action ◽

Complete Experiment ◽

Active Portion ◽

Individual Actions ◽

The Absolute ◽

The Individual

The hydrolyzing actions of various preparations of the adult eel were studied on ten esters in the usual way. The results are presented in the form of curves for the relative actions and in a table for the absolute actions obtained in one complete experiment. The separation of the enzyme material in some cases into an active portion and a co-enzyme, the mixture showing greater actions on some esters than the sums of the individual actions, is described and discussed.

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Development of a New Passive-Active Magnetic Damper for Vibration Suppression

Journal of Vibration and Acoustics ◽

10.1115/1.2172258 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 128 (3) ◽

pp. 318-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Henry A. Sodano ◽

Daniel J. Inman ◽

W. Keith Belvin

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Control System ◽

Eddy Currents ◽

Vibration Suppression ◽

Internal Resistance ◽

Viscous Force ◽

Damping Force ◽

Conductive Material ◽

Damping Effect ◽

Active Portion

Magnetic fields can be used to apply damping to a vibrating structure. Dampers of this type function through the eddy currents that are generated in a conductive material experiencing a time-changing magnetic field. The density of these currents is directly related to the velocity of the change in magnetic field. However, following the generation of these currents, the internal resistance of the conductor causes them to dissipate into heat. Because a portion of the moving conductor’s kinetic energy is used to generate the eddy currents, which are then dissipated, a damping effect occurs. This damping force can be described as a viscous force due to the dependence on the velocity of the conductor. In a previous study, a permanent magnet was fixed in a location such that the poling axis was perpendicular to the beam’s motion and the radial magnetic flux was used to passively suppress the beam’s vibration. Using this passive damping concept and the idea that the damping force is directly related to the velocity of the conductor, a new passive-active damping mechanism will be created. This new damper will function by allowing the position of the magnet to change relative to the beam and thus allow the net velocity between the two to be maximized and thus the damping force significantly increased. Using this concept, a model of both the passive and active portion of the system will be developed, allowing the beams response to be simulated. To verify the accuracy of this model, experiments will be performed that demonstrate both the accuracy of the model and the effectiveness of this passive-active control system for use in suppressing the transverse vibration of a structure.

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Geotechincal Assessment for Mitigation of a High-Pressure Pipeline Across Active Landslides: Design of a Directional Bore in Southern California

2008 7th International Pipeline Conference, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/ipc2008-64326 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher S. Hitchcock ◽

Richard W. Gailing ◽

Scott C. Lindvall

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Slope Failure ◽

Sufficient Information ◽

Directional Drilling ◽

Mitigation Options ◽

Active Portion ◽

Pressure Pipeline ◽

Efficient Alternative ◽

High Pressure Pipeline ◽

Alternative Routes

Landslides are often a hazard to high-pressure gas transmission pipelines operating in hilly and mountainous terrain. Typical mitigation options include pipeline rerouting or removing the landslide from the pipeline, if possible. When rerouting or hazard removal is not a viable option due to terrain conditions or the size of the landslide loading the pipeline, directional bores can be used to place the pipeline beneath the active portion of the slope failure. As part of our study of the geotechnical viability of mitigation options for a pipeline impacted by coastal landslides, rerouting and landslide mitigation alternatives were fully investigated. Geologic interpretation of high-resolution, publicly available IfSAR and privately-flown LiDAR data were used to evaluate alternative routes around active and potentially active landslides. Geotechnical borings through the landslides ultimately provided sufficient information supporting directional drilling beneath the active landslides as the most efficient alternative, returning the pipeline to full service.

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ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF THE ACTIVE PORTION OF THE HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE

Chemischer Informationsdienst ◽

10.1002/chin.198307099 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

Author(s):

T. FLORA ◽

Z. SIMON

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Active Portion ◽

Herbicide Glyphosate

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Data Communications Inside Vehicular Environments

Wireless Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-61350-101-6.ch320 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 847-862

Author(s):

Cheng-Min Lin ◽

Tzong-Jye Liu

Keyword(s):

Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Ieee 802.15.4 ◽

Low Cost ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Wireless Sensing ◽

Computing Power ◽

Active Portion ◽

Hoc Networks

ZigBee is based on IEEE 802.15.4 which specifies the physical layer and medium access control (MAC) for low-cost and low-power LR-WPAN. The technology can be applied in intelligent key, A/C operation and steering wheel inside vehicles. There are two types of devices in ZigBee, FFD and RFD. A FFD can communicate with RFDs and other FFDs, while a RFD can only communicate with a FFD. In ZigBee physical layer, it follows IEEE 802.15.4 standard and operates in unlicensed RF worldwide (2.4GHz global, 915MHz Americas or 868 MHz Europe). A superframe contained an active portion and an inactive portion is used in the MAC layer of ZigBee. The active portion includes CAP and CFP. In the inactive partition, the coordinator can enter sleep mode to save its power. Three main topologies of ZigBee are star, mesh, and tree. However, ZigBee is successfully produced into a low-cost controller applied for automotive applications, including vehicle control and status monitoring. According to the forecast of ON World in 2005 (ON WORLD, 2009), the deployed wireless sensing network nodes will increase to 127 million in 2010 from 1.2 million in 2005. It can be applied in home automation, battlefield surveillance, health care applications and vehicular environments. A wireless sensor network (WSN) constitutes a lot of wireless sensing nodes. In addition, a node in WSN consists of one or more sensors, a radio transceiver, and a microcontroller. The sensor can be used for sensing temperature, pressure, sound, vibration, motion or position, etc. to collect status from devices or environments. The transceiver is used to relay the information of the collected status computed by the microcontroller to a center node, called a gateway or sink. Therefore, a WSN belongs to one type of wireless ad-hoc networks. However, the nodes in a WSN are usually smaller than that in traditional wireless ad-hoc networks regarding node size, computing power, memory size, and transmission rage. In other words, the transmission ability, computing power, and memory size of WSN nodes are limited.

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EVALUATION OF THE RE-EMERGENCE PROCESS OF PARENT ADULT DENDROCTONUS FRONTALIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent110475-5 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 110 (5) ◽

pp. 475-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Robert N. Coulson ◽

W. Scott Fargo ◽

Paul E. Pulley ◽

John L. Foltz ◽

Don N. Pope ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Loblolly Pine ◽

Empirical Distribution ◽

Adult Population ◽

Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽

Pheromone Production ◽

Emergence Period ◽

Host Trees ◽

Active Portion ◽

Emergence Traps ◽

New Hosts

AbstractThe process of re-emergence of Dendroctonus frontalis parent adults was investigated using emergence traps placed systematically along the bole of infested loblolly pine, Pinus taeda. Daily collections of the traps showed the re-emergence pattern by height through time. Re-emergence/100 cm2 (Y) was described as a function of time (X) by the model Y = C(18X)B−1 exp (−A(18X)B) + ɛε for intervals along the infested bole. Peak re-emergence occurred shortly after peak attack density and continued 16–20 days. Highest re-emergence density occurred at the midportion of the infested bole and tapered to the ends. The same model was used to describe re-emergence as an average process for the entire tree. For convenience in evaluating expected re-emergence totals over a time span, the cumulative form of the model was fit to the data. The proportion of re-emergence was studied using bark samples taken at the beginning and end of the process and was found to be 97% of the attacking adult population. An empirical distribution function was developed and the probability of re-emergence described using the function Y = ABCXB−1 exp (−AXB) + ɛε, where Y = the probability of re-emergence at a time X in days given that a beetle was present on day 1 of the process. The cumulative form of this model was also provided.Using laboratory bioassays parent adults were tested and found to respond to the attractant mixture of frontalin, trans-verbenol, and loblolly pine turpentine.Re-emergence may play several functions in the population dynamics of D. frontalis: conditioning host trees through mass colonization; establishing brood populations through multiple re-emergence, thereby efficiently allocating egg populations; identifying new hosts and aggregating populations through pheromone production; and maintenance of continuity in pheromone production at the active portion of the infestation, thereby identifying the location of trees under colonization. The prolonged re-emergence period was suggested to be of survival value to the insect in that local short term disasters would affect only a small proportion of the re-emerging population. The number of re-emergences and proportions of re-emergence were suggested to be related to oviposition per parent adult and hence attack density.

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Control of Bacterial Wilt of Geranium with Phosphorous Acid

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-90-0798 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 90 (6) ◽

pp. 798-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

D. J. Norman ◽

J. Chen ◽

J. M. F. Yuen ◽

A. Mangravita-Novo ◽

D. Byrne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphoric Acid ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Phosphorous Acid ◽

Phosphorus Pentoxide ◽

In Vitro Growth ◽

Potassium Salts ◽

Active Portion ◽

Race 1

Various bactericides were screened for efficacy in protecting geranium plants (Pelargonium hortorum) from Ralstonia solanacearum infection. Many of these bactericides were found to slow the disease progress; however, they were not able to protect the plants from infection and subsequent death. Potassium salts of phosphorous acid were found to be effective in protecting plants from infection when applied as a drench. The active portion of the potassium salts was found to be phosphorous acid (H3PO3). Phosphorous acid was found to inhibit in vitro growth of R. solanacearum. It is thought to be protecting plants from infection by acting as a bacteriostatic compound in the soil. The plants, however, are not protected from aboveground infection on wounded surfaces. Phosphorous acid drenches were shown to protect geranium plants from infection by either race 1 or 3 of R. solanacearum. Other phosphorous-containing products commonly used in the industry, such as phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), were not able to protect plants from bacterial wilt infection.

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