Premalignant Lesions of the Oral Cavity

2008 ◽  
pp. 276-293
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Premalignant Lesions

Management for premalignant lesions of the oral cavity

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aru Panwar ◽  
Robert Lindau ◽  
Aaron Wieland
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Premalignant Lesions

scholarly journals Expression OF p16INK4a Gene in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Oral Cavity

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
R. Vijay David Raj ◽  
S. Marylilly
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Group I ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Squamous cell carcinoma is the summits malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. Tobacco and alcohol is identified as risk factors, but squamous cell carcinoma can occur in patients with no known risk factors. Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy and is one of the major causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cancer is caused due to a series of alteration in genetic and epigenetic factors that occur in multiple steps and is influenced by the genetic predisposition of the individual and by exogenous environmental factors. These factors result in a series of molecular alteration, including inactivation of tumor suppressor genes expression of p16 has been proposed as a marker for malignant transformation. The p16 staining was correlated between the control and study groups and p 16 was shown to be increasing expressed in premalignant and less expressed in malignant category and was found to be statistically significant by Fischer’s exact test. This study concluded that p16 was increasingly expressed in premalignant lesions and less expressed in malignant lesion. In the present study 9 of the control cases were p16 negative and one case showed sporadic staining. The study group I showed 1 case of sporadic staining, 6 cases of focal staining and 8 cases of diffuse staining. The study II showed 14 cases of sporadic staining, 6 cases of focal staining and 5 cases of diffuse staining. Hence variations cannot be accurately assessed, but it plays a crucial role in assessing pre-malignant lesions progressing to malignancy. To confirm this, a larger sample study is required. As advances in research have leads to greater understanding of potentially malignant lesions in the oral cavity.

Relationship between habits and precancerous lesions of the oral cavity – a clinicopathological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Dr. Ajay Kumar Yadlapalli ◽  
◽  
Dr. B Krishna Santosh ◽  
Dr. Dwarampudi S K Reddy ◽  
Dr. Panda Veeranjaneyulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Reticular Pattern ◽  
Oral Malignancy

Introduction: Oral cancers account for 3% of total malignancies. A research was conducted to findthe incidence, age, and sex distribution, clinical presentation, and the relationship between habitsand various premalignant lesions of the oral cavity. Methods: It was a hospital-based observationaland cross-sectional study, conducted in GSL Medical College, Rajamahendravaram from October2015 to April 2017. Individuals aged > 18 years, with leukoplakia, erythroplakia, blanched mucosawith or without fibrous bands and /or trismus suggestive of oral submucous fibrosis, bilateral whitishlesions with a reticular pattern suggestive of lichen planus, and ulcer against sharp tooth denturesuggestive of traumatic dental ulcers were taken. Individuals with frank oral malignancy, those withterminal diseases, those who did not submit informed consent were not considered. Results: Themajority of patients (33.33%) were aged between 51 – 60 years, belong (62.75%) to lowersocioeconomic status. Leukoplakia (64.7%) was a common clinical presentation. Most (49.02%) ofthe study patients presented with a burning sensation. When addictions were considered, 86.27% ofpatients were smokers, 23.53% were addicted to alcohol. Conclusion: Leukoplakia was thecommonest (64.71%) premalignant lesion, 51 – 60 years was the common age group. Premalignantlesions were most commonly seen among males, most of the study participants belong to low andmiddle socio-economic groups with a rural background. Diabetes mellitus was the most commoncomorbidity associated with premalignant lesions.

Expression of the Proto-Oncogene eIF4E in Inflammation of the Oral Cavity

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binoy Chandy ◽  
Fleurette Abreo ◽  
Raja Nassar ◽  
Fred J. Stucker ◽  
Cherie-Ann Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Mild Dysplasia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: eIF4E (4E) is elevated in 100% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and in premalignant lesions of the larynx. However, it is not elevated in normal mucosa. In this study, we hypothesize that 4E is not significantly elevated in inflammation unlike its expression in premalignant lesions of the oral cavity. STUDY DESIGN: Biopsies from the oral cavity were divided into 5 groups: (1) normal mucosa, (2) chronic inflammation, (3) mild dysplasia from leukoplakic lesions, (4) mild dysplasia in surgical margins of patients with HNSCC, and (5) HNSCC. Immunohistochemical qualitative analysis was then performed. RESULTS: None of the 15 specimens in group 1 and 100% of the 15 specimens in group 5 expressed 4E. Of the 29 specimens in group 2 only 4/29 (13%) overexpressed 4E compared with 10/31 (32%) in group 3 and 9/21 (42%) in group 4. There was a significant difference between groups 2 and 3 and groups 2 and 4 ( P < 0.0001 and P < 0.003 respectively) but no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 ( P = 0.13) and between groups 3 and 4 ( P = 0.30). CONCLUSION: 4E is not significantly elevated in inflammation of the oral cavity thus fulfilling one of the criteria that biomarkers require to be useful in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Prognostic and Predictive Impact of Ki-67 in Premalignant and Malignant Squamous Cell Lesions of Oral Cavity

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Sharma ◽  
Veena Maheshwari ◽  
Varsha Narula ◽  
Sachin Verma ◽  
Anshu Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Clinicopathological Profile

ABSTRACT Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma, the fifth most common cancer worldwide, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. It most commonly occurs in middle-aged and older individuals. Typically, they tend to be preceded by a premalignant state for a long time. The present study evaluates the clinicopathological profile of patients with oral lesions and the role of malpractices that promote carcinogenesis in the oral mucosa and the use of Ki-67 as an important predictor of the same. Materials and methods The expression of Ki-67 was studied in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of oral lesions of all the cases after taking a detailed history and examination. Results The study was conducted on 65 patients with 25 dysplastic and 40 malignant lesions. Males were affected more frequently than females. The most common age group affected was 31 to 60 years with mean age of 45.4 years. Anterior twothird of tongue (41%) was the most commonly affected site. 95% of the patients had a history of addiction in form of smoking, tobacco chewing and betel nut. Out of 25 cases of dysplasia, 11 showed low expression while out of 40 cases of squamous cell carcinoma only three showed low and 29 showed high expression of Ki-67. Conclusion The expression of Ki-67 correlates well with the disease progression from dysplasia to carcinoma of the oral cavity. It is therefore a marker of malignant transformation and carcinogenesis in oral premalignant lesions and in future it may serve as a prognostic tool in the early detection of malignancy. How to cite this article Maheshwari V, Sharma SC, Narula V, Verma S, Jain A, Alam K. Prognostic and Predictive Impact of Ki-67 in Premalignant and Malignant Squamous Cell Lesions of Oral Cavity. Int J Head Neck Surg 2013;4(2):61-65.

scholarly journals Expression of HER2/neu in premalignant lesions of oral cavity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vansh Verma ◽  
Dr. Ashesh Kumar Jha ◽  
Dr. Karsing Patiri ◽  
Dr. Nikhil Arora
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Severe Dysplasia ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Oral Lichen

Context: Molecular alterations in premalignant lesions of oral cavity are not well known, many reports and have found increased HER2 expression to be correlated with poor prognosis in oral cancer. However,literature on expression of HER2 in premalignant lesions is limited and data is conflicting in nature. Overexpression of HER2 in premalignant lesions may denote its positive contribution in malignant transformation of these lesions. Aims: To evaluate the expression of HER2 in premalignant lesions of oral cavity. Settings and Design: In this prospective observational study of 2 months, patients attending OPD at Department of ENT and meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Methods and Material: 23 samples of Leukoplakia and 1 sample of oral lichen planus were stained by routine H&E to confirm clinical diagnosis and assess dysplasia if any, 5 samples of normal mucosa were used as control. Immunohistochemical staining for HER2 was done. ASCO/CAP 2018 guidelines were used for reporting the results. Statistical analysis used: Percentage of lesions expressing cytoplasmic or membranous expression was calculated. Results: 1 sample of Leukoplakia with severe dysplasia expressed focal membranous staining. 20% leukoplakia lesions expressed cytoplasmic staining. Staining was not observed in oral lichen planus and leucoplakia without dysplasia. Conclusions: Membranous expression in Severe dysplasia and higher expression in oral cancer is in concordance with the multistep theory of carcinogenesis. Larger studies are needed if HER2 is to be proposed as a marker for oral premalignant lesions. Significance of cytoplasmic staining in oral premalignant lesions needs to be elucidated.

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