scholarly journals Weight Reduction in Young Obese Children. I. Effects on Adipose Tissue Cellularity and Metabolism

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1381-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredda Ginsberg-Fellner ◽  
Jerome L Knittle
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Obese Children

Visceral Adipose Tissue Is Negatively And Selectively Associated With Cognition Among Obese Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Tatsuya T. Shigeta ◽  
Lauren Raine ◽  
Eric Drollete ◽  
Shih-Chun Kao ◽  
Daniel Westfall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Responses of Lipolysis and Salivary Cortisol to Food Intake and Physical Activity in Lean and Obese Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 4701-4707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hershberger ◽  
M. R. McCammon ◽  
J. P. Garry ◽  
M. T. Mahar ◽  
R. C. Hickner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prior Exercise

This investigation was conducted to determine whether there were differences in lipolytic responses to feeding and physical activity between lean (LN) and obese (OB) children, and if these responses were related to cortisol. Fourteen LN and 11 OB children participated in this study of abdominal lipolysis and salivary cortisol response to breakfast and lunch with an intervening exercise session. Calculated fasting glycerol release was lower in OB than LN (0.645 ± 0.06 vs. 0.942 ± 0.11 μmol/ml; P < 0.05). Fasting adipose tissue nutritive flow was lower in OB than in LN subjects, but responses to feeding and exercise were not different. Breakfast elicited a decrease in interstitial glycerol concentration in LN (−33%; P < 0.05), but not in OB (−5%), children, although decreases in glycerol concentration in response to lunch were similar (LN, −41%; OB, −36%). An interaction was evident in the salivary cortisol response to breakfast (LN, no change; OB, increase) and exercise (LN, no change; OB, decrease), but there were no group differences in response to lunch. Alterations in salivary cortisol and lipolysis were not related. These data suggest that salivary cortisol and lipolytic responses are not necessarily linked, but are altered in obesity. Furthermore, prior exercise may improve the antilipolytic response to a meal in OB children.

scholarly journals Dynamic Changes of Orexin A and Leptin in Obese Children during Body Weight Reduction

2007 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
J Bronský ◽  
J Nedvídková ◽  
H Zamrazilová ◽  
M Pechová ◽  
M Chada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Igfbp 3

In this study, we describe changes of plasma levels of the hypothalamic neuropeptide orexin A in obese children during the reduction of body weight and its relationship to other biochemical and anthropometrical parameters. We measured orexin A fasting plasma levels by the RIA method in 58 obese children--33 girls and 25 boys; mean age 13.1+/-0.38 years (range 7-18.5) before and after 5 weeks of weight-reduction therapy. Leptin, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in all the subjects and were compared to orexin A levels and anthropometrical data. Average weight in subjects before weight-reduction was 74.2+/-2.79 kg and after weight-loss 67.4+/-2.60 kg (p<0.0001). Orexin A levels before the therapy were 33.3+/-1.97 pg/ml and after the therapy 51.7+/-3.07 pg/ml (p<0.0001). Levels of orexin A were not significantly different between girls and boys (p=0.7842). We found negative correlation between orexin A and age (r = -0.5395; p<0.0001), body height (r = -0.4751; p=0.0002), body weight (r = -0.4030; p=0.0017) and BMI (r = -0.2607; p=0.0481). No correlation was found between orexin A and IGF-1, IGFBP-3 or leptin. Orexin A plasma levels increased during body weight loss, whereas the reverse was true for leptin levels. These findings support the hypothesis that orexin A may be involved in regulation of nutritional status in children.

C1QTNF5 expression is increased in adipose tissue from obese children and is regulated by TNFα in adipocytes

Appetite ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
J.T. Schwartze ◽  
K. Landgraf ◽  
D. Rockstroh ◽  
D. Löffler ◽  
K. Scheuermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Children

Right Ventricular Subclinical Diastolic Dysfunction in Obese Children: The Effect of Weight Reduction with a Low-Carbohydrate Diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 946-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cenap Zeybek ◽  
Cigdem Aktuglu-Zeybek ◽  
Hasan Onal ◽  
Süheyla Altay ◽  
Abdullah Erdem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Effect of weight reduction on insulin sensitivity, sex hormone-binding globulin, sex hormones and gonadotrophins in obese children

2010 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
N H Birkebæk ◽  
A Lange ◽  
P Holland-Fischer ◽  
K Kristensen ◽  
S Rittig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Before And After

ObjectiveObesity in men is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and hypoandrogenism, while obesity in women is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and hyperandrogenism. In children, the effect of obesity and weight reduction on the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal axis is rarely investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of weight reduction in obese Caucasian children on insulin sensitivity, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), DHEAS and the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal axis.MethodsOne hundred and sixteen (65 females) obese children with a median age of 12.3 (7–15) years were examined before and after a 10-week stay at a weight loss camp. Examination included anthropometry and fasting blood samples measuring plasma glucose, serum insulin, SHBG, DHEAS, testosterone, 17β-oestradiol, FSH and LH.ResultsBody mass index (BMI) decreased (P<0.01), insulin sensitivity and SHBG increased (P<0.01), independent of gender and puberty. The changes in insulin sensitivity and the changes in SHBG correlated significantly (P<0.01) independent of gender, puberty and the changes in BMI. Testosterone increased in boys (P<0.01) and tended to decrease in girls (P=0.05, in girls after menarche (P=0.03)). FSH increased in boys and girls. LH increased in boys and was unchanged in girls.ConclusionsDuring weight loss, insulin sensitivity and SHBG increased significantly in obese children, and the changes in insulin sensitivity and the changes in SHBG correlated significantly independent of gender, puberty and the changes in BMI. There was sexual dimorphism in the changes of testosterone, with the changes in boys towards increased virilisation and the changes in girls towards less virilisation.

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