scholarly journals Vasculometabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Aldosterone in Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 2719-2731
Author(s):  
Charlotte D C C van der Heijden ◽  
Rob ter Horst ◽  
Inge C L van den Munckhof ◽  
Kiki Schraa ◽  
Jacqueline de Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Context Not all obese individuals develop cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hyperaldosteronism is suggested to cause inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, and might contribute to CVD development in obese individuals. Objective We aimed to investigate the association of aldosterone concentrations with inflammation, metabolic disturbances, and atherosclerosis in overweight and obese individuals. Additionally, we measured renin concentrations to investigate whether the observed effects reflected general activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Design A cross-sectional cohort study (300-OB study) was conducted. Various inflammatory parameters, traits of the metabolic syndrome, lipidome and metabolome parameters, fat distribution, and carotid atherosclerosis were associated with plasma aldosterone and renin levels. Setting The setting of this study was the Radboudumc (i.o. Radboudumc), the Netherlands. Patients A total of 302 individuals with a body mass index greater than or equal to 27 kg/m2 participated. Main Outcome Measures and Results Aldosterone was associated with various markers of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, which partly differed from the associations observed for renin. Although both were associated with inflammatory cell numbers, only renin was associated with classical markers of systemic inflammation. Both were associated with the metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis. Of the traits that constitute metabolic syndrome, aldosterone, but not renin, was associated with triglyceride concentrations. Accordingly, aldosterone was associated with large very low-density lipoprotein particles; metabolomics studies further associated aldosterone with urate concentrations and derivatives of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway. Neither aldosterone nor renin was associated with atherosclerotic plaque thickness. Conclusions Aldosterone is not an important driver of systemic inflammation in the obese, whereas aldosterone concentrations and metabolic dysregulation are strongly intertwined in these individuals. Although prospective studies are necessary to validate these results, the independent effects of aldosterone on carotid atherosclerosis appear modest.

scholarly journals Glycated LDL-C and glycated HDL-C in association with adiposity, blood and atherogenicity indices in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Mohammad Al Saudi ◽  
Violet Kasabri ◽  
Randa Naffa ◽  
Nailya Bulatova ◽  
Yasser Bustanji
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Body Adiposity

Background: The aim of the study was to compare and correlate glycated high-density lipoprotein (GHDL-C) and glycated low-density lipoprotein (GLDL-C) plasma levels with adiposity indices [weight/hip ratio (WHR) and body adiposity index (BAI)], lipid ratios and hematological indices [platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR)]. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 30 nondiabetic metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients, 30 prediabetic or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 30 normoglycemic controls. Results: Remarkably both GHDL-C and GLDL-C levels lacked any intergroup statistically significant discrepancy in either MetS or MetS-pre/T2DM versus control ( p > 0.05). Unlike GLDL-C/LDL-C ratios for either MetS groups; there were highly significant intergroup differences in the means of GHDL-C/HDL-C ratios when comparing both nondiabetic MetS and MetS-pre/T2DM groups versus controls ( p = 0.001). In MetS patients; GHDL-C and GLDL-C proportionally correlated with WHR ( p < 0.05). Also, MetS GHDL-C correlated inversely with MLR and monocytes ( p < 0.05). In MetS-pre/T2DM; GLDL-C directly correlated with BAI, platelet count and PLR ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: GLDL-C and GHDL-C are dysfunctional glucolipotoxicity lipoproteins and may present putatively surrogate biomarkers for prediction/prevention of metabolic disturbances.

scholarly journals Comparison of Formulas for Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Calculation for Predicting the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1607
Author(s):  
Babak Pezeshki ◽  
Mojtaba Golrazeghi ◽  
Sayed Reza Hojati ◽  
Fatemeh Rostamian ◽  
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Background: The correlation between serum cholesterol level and the risk of developing atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome has been well established in previous studies. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) measurement is conducted using different methods which are generally divided into two groups, namely direct and indirect. Using indirect methods or calculations such as the Friedewald or Iranian formula for measuring LDL, particularly in developing countries, is quite common. The present study has stepped in to compare the robustness of the extant formulas in prognosticating and determining the incidence of metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the target population was the community of Fasa cohort study. According to the views of the statistical advisor, 9530 people were included in the study and clinical laboratory examinations were done for each person. Their serum LDL level was measured using the existing formulas. Then, the results of the serum LDL level that was computed with different formulas, were compared with both the status of metabolic syndrome and laboratory tests of individuals. Results: The Iranian formula has the highest area under curve, the sensitivity of 0.73, and specificity of 0.77, higher positive and negative predictive values among other formulas. In Friedewald formula, for example, sensitivity and specificity equal 0.28 and 0.80, respectively. After further analysis, two new models proposed for predicting metabolic syndrome. The results revealed that these two models even outperform the Iranian formula. Conclusion: The Iranian formula for plasma LDL calculation has higher precision and application for predicting and measuring the metabolic syndrome in the Iranian population due to its considerable features. It is required to develop a new formula for each population and even for each sex, if possible. [GMJ.2020;9:e1607]

scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenol Intake is Associated with HDL-Cholesterol and A Better Profile of other Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A PREDIMED-Plus Sub-Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Castro-Barquero ◽  
Anna Tresserra-Rimbau ◽  
Facundo Vitelli-Storelli ◽  
Mónica Doménech ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polyphenol Intake ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Dietary polyphenol intake is associated with improvement of metabolic disturbances. The aims of the present study are to describe dietary polyphenol intake in a population with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to examine the association between polyphenol intake and the components of MetS. This cross-sectional analysis involved 6633 men and women included in the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterranea-Plus) study. The polyphenol content of foods was estimated from the Phenol-Explorer 3.6 database. The mean of total polyphenol intake was 846 ± 318 mg/day. Except for stilbenes, women had higher polyphenol intake than men. Total polyphenol intake was higher in older participants (>70 years of age) compared to their younger counterparts. Participants with body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 reported lower total polyphenol, flavonoid, and stilbene intake than those with lower BMI. Total polyphenol intake was not associated with a better profile concerning MetS components, except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), although stilbenes, lignans, and other polyphenols showed an inverse association with blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. A direct association with HDL-c was found for all subclasses except lignans and phenolic acids. To conclude, in participants with MetS, higher intake of several polyphenol subclasses was associated with a better profile of MetS components, especially HDL-c.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Predictors of Hypertension and the Metabolic Syndrome in Police Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6728
Author(s):  
James D. Yates ◽  
Jeffrey W. F. Aldous ◽  
Daniel P. Bailey ◽  
Angel M. Chater ◽  
Andrew C. S. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Job Type ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Police Personnel ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers ◽  
Police Forces

Hypertension and metabolic syndrome (METSYN) are reportedly high in police forces. This may contribute to health deterioration and absenteeism in police personnel. Police forces comprise of staff in ‘operational’ and ‘non-operational’ job types but it is not known if job type is associated to hypertension and METSYN prevalence. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of hypertension and METSYN, the factors associated with the risk of hypertension and METSYN, and compare physiological, psychological, and behavioural factors between operational and non-operational police personnel. Cross-sectional data was collected from 77 operational and 60 non-operational police workers. Hypertension and METSYN were prevalent in 60.5% and 20% of operational and 60.0% and 13.6% of non-operational police personnel, respectively (p > 0.05). Operational job type, moderate organisational stress (compared with low stress) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were associated with lower odds of hypertension, whereas increasing body mass index was associated with increased odds of hypertension (p < 0.05). None of the independent variables were significantly associated with the odds of METSYN. Operational police had several increased cardiometabolic risk markers compared with non-operational police. Given the high prevalence of hypertension and METSYN in operational and non-operational personnel, occupational health interventions are needed for the police and could be informed by the findings of this study.

scholarly journals Cortisol, DHEAS, their ratio and the metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Vietnam Experience Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C Phillips ◽  
Douglas Carroll ◽  
Catharine R Gale ◽  
Janet M Lord ◽  
Wiebke Arlt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vietnam Era

ObjectivesThe aim of these analyses was to examine the association of cortisol, DHEAS and the cortisol:DHEAS ratio with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components.DesignThe analyses were cross-sectional.MethodsParticipants were 4255 Vietnam era US army veterans. From military service files, telephone interviews and a medical examination, occupational, socio-demographic and health data were collected. MetS was ascertained from data on body mass index; fasting blood glucose or a diagnosis of diabetes; blood pressure or a diagnosis of hypertension; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and triglyceride levels. Contemporary morning fasted cortisol and DHEAS concentrations were determined. The outcomes were MetS and its components. Analysis was by logistic regression, first adjusting for age and then additionally for an array of candidate confounders.ResultsCortisol, although not in the fully adjusted analysis, and DHEAS were both related to MetS. Whereas high cortisol concentrations were associated with an increased risk of MetS, high DHEAS concentrations appeared protective. By far, the strongest associations with MetS were observed for the cortisol:DHEAS ratio; the higher the ratio, the greater the risk of having MetS. The ratio was also significantly related to four of the five MetS components.ConclusionsThe cortisol:DHEAS ratio is positively associated with MetS. Prospective analyses are needed to help untangle direction of causality, but this study suggests that the cortisol:DHEAS ratio is worthy of further study in this and other health contexts.

scholarly journals Study on health risk factors as a basis to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in students of the la Sabana University

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Background. Nowadays the importance of lifestyles in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome has been largely accertained. Objective. The purpose of our work is to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in adolescents and young adults of the La Sabana University. Methods. The methodology entailed, after the corresponding informed consent, taking measures of the triceps and supraescapular skinfolds, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), lean mass, and fat mass. Fasting blood samples were also taken to quantify cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Results. The results obtained show that of the 165 students, 10.3% were underweight, 13.93% were overweight and 0.6% were obese. With regards to gender, 4.8% of the men and 9% of the women were overweight, 3% of the men and 7.2% of the women were underweight, and 0.6% of the women were obese. The blood chemistry showed that 30% had hypercholesterolemia, 18% hypertriglyceridemia, 17% reported low HDL levels and 67% reported high LDL levels. Of all the cases studied, 40% are at risk of a metabolic syndrome. 60% claimed not to practice any physical activity - especially women who reported 44.70%. Conclusions. These findings have allowed us at the institution to implement a culture of healthy habits. The have also allowed us to identify students with risk factors for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This is why the cardiometabolic monitoring and control based on healthy eating and physical activity are important.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Canuto ◽  
Marcos Pascoal Pattussi ◽  
Jamile Block Araldi Macagnan ◽  
Ruth Liane Henn ◽  
Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Work Shift ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

OBJECTIVE To analyze if metabolic syndrome and its altered components are associated with demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral factors in fixed-shift workers.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 902 shift workers of both sexes in a poultry processing plant in Southern Brazil in 2010. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the recommendations from Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome. Its frequency was evaluated according to the demographic (sex, skin color, age and marital status), socioeconomic (educational level, income and work shift), and behavioral characteristics (smoking, alcohol intake, leisure time physical activity, number of meals and sleep duration) of the sample. The multivariate analysis followed a theoretical framework for identifying metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers.RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the sample was 9.3% (95%CI 7.4;11.2). The most frequently altered component was waist circumference (PR 48.4%; 95%CI 45.5;51.2), followed by high-density lipoprotein. Work shift was not associated with metabolic syndrome and its altered components. After adjustment, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was positively associated with women (PR 2.16; 95%CI 1.28;3.64), workers aged over 40 years (PR 3.90; 95%CI 1.78;8.93) and those who reported sleeping five hours or less per day (PR 1.70; 95%CI 1.09;2.24). On the other hand, metabolic syndrome was inversely associated with educational level and having more than three meals per day (PR 0.43; 95%CI 0.26;0.73).CONCLUSIONS Being female, older and deprived of sleep are probable risk factors for metabolic syndrome, whereas higher educational level and higher number of meals per day are protective factors for metabolic syndrome in fixed-shift workers.

scholarly journals Different metabolic responses induced by long-term interdisciplinary therapy in obese adolescents related to ACE I/D polymorphism

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147032031770345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro S Almeida ◽  
Flavia C Corgosinho ◽  
Carlos EN Amorim ◽  
Marcos F Gregnani ◽  
Raquel MS Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Interdisciplinary Therapy ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate whether I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene might affect metabolic changes related to the metabolic syndrome through a long-term interdisciplinary therapy in obese adolescents. Methods: In total, 125 obese adolescents who entered the interdisciplinary obesity programme were assigned to the following two subgroups: metabolic syndrome or non-metabolic syndrome. They were evaluated at baseline and after 1 year. Genomic DNA was extracted from circulating leukocytes. Results: Subjects with the II genotype in the non-metabolic syndrome group were only to increase their fat-free mass after therapy. Regarding lipid profile, subjects with ID and DD genotypes from both groups reduced their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly. The metabolic parameters from the ID and DD genotypes of the non-metabolic syndrome group showed a significantly improved insulin response. Conclusion: In the present study, we showed that the ACE polymorphism was able to influence the fat-free mass in the I-carry allele in the non-metabolic syndrome group positively. In addition, the I-carry allele was able to improve the insulin resistance of the metabolic syndrome group significantly. These results suggest that the ACE I/D genotypes can influence, in different ways, the specific parameters of metabolism among obese adolescents submitted for long-term interdisciplinary therapy.

scholarly journals Chronic activation of the innate immune system may underlie the metabolic syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Bartholow Duncan ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Activation

CONTEXTO: The metabolic syndrome is characterized by a clustering, in free-living populations, of cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors generally linked to insulin resistance, obesity and central obesity. Consonant with the well-established inflammatory pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease, the metabolic syndrome is now being investigated in relation to its inflammatory nature. OBJETIVO: We present cross-sectional findings demonstrating that markers of inflammation correlate with components of the metabolic syndrome, and prospective findings of the ARIC Study indicating that markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction predict the development of diabetes mellitus and weight gain in adults. We present biological evidence to suggest that chronic activation of the innate immune system may underlie the metabolic syndrome, characterizing the common soil for the causality of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: Better understanding of the role of the innate immune system in these diseases may lead to important advances in the prediction and management of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document